IRON ON ARCHITECTURE LID-MT Irene Lpez Barbeito Toms Rodrguez - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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IRON ON ARCHITECTURE LID-MT Irene Lpez Barbeito Toms Rodrguez - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Jan 12, 2023 138 likes •595 views

IRON ON ARCHITECTURE LID-MT Irene Lpez Barbeito Toms Rodrguez Rivero Jorge Sanz Bermejo Mara Bertrn de Lis Leticia Gonzlez Garca Diego Jimnez Sainz Industrial Revolution, XVIII Cast iron Wrought iron Steel1790 1850:

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IRON ON ARCHITECTURE

LID-MT

Irene López Barbeito Tomás Rodríguez Rivero Jorge Sanz Bermejo María Bertrán de Lis Leticia González García Diego Jiménez Sainz

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Industrial Revolution, XVIII

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Cast iron Wrought iron Steel1790 – 1850: fire / useful area

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Bibliothèque Sainte Geneviève , Paris (1861)

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(1854)

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HENRI LABROUSTE AND SANTA GENEVEVA LIBRARY

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MAIN CARACHTERISTICS OF IRON ARCHITECTURE

  • Slenderness
  • Diaphanous Spaces
  • Great Sections
  • Light Treatment
  • Transparence architecture
  • Prefab solutions
  • New styles and material possibilities
  • Conversation of architectural style

(Relation with our practice philosophy)

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SANTA GENEVEVA LIBRARY - HENRI LABROUSTE 1843 PARIS

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UNIVERSAL EXHIBITIONS

  • Overcoming the political and revolutionary rejection
  • National policy exaltacion
  • New techniques and materials exhibition
  • Commercialization and industrialization
  • Industrial palace
  • Monumentality
  • Universal exhibitions:

Londres París

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CRYSTAL PALACE JOSEPH PAXTON LONDRES 1851

  • First Universal Exhibition, precedent
  • Location: Hyde Park
  • Modular, detachable, fast assembly
  • Clearness y brightness
  • Great surface, 70.000 m2. Light structure
  • Big aflux: 6 million of visitors
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EIFFEL TOWER GUSTAVE EIFFEL PARÍS 1889

  • Universal exhibition, commemorated The French Revolution

centenary

  • Location: Champs de Mars
  • Widely criticized
  • Articulated structure
  • Monumentality: 325m
  • Huge inlux: 32,4 million of visitors
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GALERY OF MACHINES DUTERT Y CONTAMIN PARÍS 1889

  • Universal exhibition, commemorated The French Revolution

centenary

  • Location: Champs de Mars
  • New structure: trusses.
  • Fully open space
  • Monumental building: 5 hectares
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IRON ARCHITECTURE IN SPAIN

Madrid Aranjuez Convento de Atocha Puerta de Atocha Observatorio astronómico Botanical garden

Atocha station, Alberto de Palacio 1888

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Glorieta del Emperador Carlos V

  • Santa María de la

Cabeza

  • Delicias
  • Ronda de

Valencia

  • Paseo del Prado
  • Atocha
  • Mendez Álvaro
  • Infanta María

Cristina

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First building

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  • Previous approach by Gerardo

de la Puente

  • 152m lenght
  • 27m high
  • 10 trusses, 48m long

Final project

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Current situation – Rafael Moneo

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Palacio de Cristal, Velázquez Bosco 1887

Parque del Retiro Inspiration: London Crystal Palace (Paxton)

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  • Metallic structure
  • Glass façade
  • 22,6m high
  • 28m width
  • 54m lengh
  • Lateral volumes: 11,6m high
  • It took 5 months to be built
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Current situation – has not changed

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CHICAGO SCHOOL

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  • In 1871 the city of Chicago burns down.
  • Reconstruction of the city.
  • Office buildings and big warehouses.
  • Skycrapers: vertical construction.
  • Rise in the price of the ground
  • Invention of the electric lift.
  • Steel structure covered with fireproof materials.

CHICAGO SCHOOL

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Marshall Field´s Richardson WareHouses 1890

  • Romanesque style.
  • Facade of stone as main element of construction.
  • Firm bossage.
  • No ornamentation.
  • Distinct horizontal lines.
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Wainwright Sullivan 1892

  • Built up in Missouri, USA
  • Tripartite composition based on the structure of classical

column.

  • Noticeable ornamentation.
  • Main materials: red brick and terracotta.
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CONCLUSIONS

  • Opens new paths that extend in the S. XX.
  • No current architecture is unthinkable without steel.
  • Important technical and industrial developments.
  • New architectural typologies.