introduction
play

Introduction Graphics & Visualization: Principles & - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Nov 16, 2022 •638 likes •820 views

Graphics & Visualization Chapter 1 Introduction Graphics & Visualization: Principles & Algorithms Brief History Milestones in the history of computer graphics: 2 Graphics & Visualization: Principles & Algorithms

  1. Graphics & Visualization Chapter 1 Introduction Graphics & Visualization: Principles & Algorithms

  2. Brief History • Milestones in the history of computer graphics: 2 Graphics & Visualization: Principles & Algorithms Chapter 1

  3. Brief History (2) • CPU Vs GPU 3 Graphics & Visualization: Principles & Algorithms Chapter 1

  4. Applications • Special effects for films and advertisements • Scientific exploration through visualization • Interactive simulation • Computer games • Computer-aided geometric design and solid modeling (CAGD) • Graphical user interfaces (GUIs) • Computer art 4 Graphics & Visualization: Principles & Algorithms Chapter 1

  5. Concepts • 3D or 2D scenes are composed of primitives (e.g. points, lines, curves, polygons, mathematical solids or functions) • A raster image is a 2D array of pixels • Computer Graphics use principles and algorithms to generate from a scene, a raster image that can be depicted on a display device • Scene � Computer Graphics � Raster Image 5 Graphics & Visualization: Principles & Algorithms Chapter 1

  6. Concepts (2) • Rasterization steps for a two-dimensional document 6 Graphics & Visualization: Principles & Algorithms Chapter 1

  7. Concepts (3) • Visualization exploits visual presentation of large data sets to increase understanding • The result of visualization is a visualization object • Modeling encompasses techniques for the representation of graphical objects • Data Set � Visualization � Model • Graphics Pipeline is a sequence of stages that create a digital image out of a model • Model � Graphics Pipeline � Image 7 Graphics & Visualization: Principles & Algorithms Chapter 1

  8. Graphics Pipeline 8 Graphics & Visualization: Principles & Algorithms Chapter 1

  9. Graphics Pipeline (2) • Operations on primitives in the standard direct rendering graphics pipeline : 9 Graphics & Visualization: Principles & Algorithms Chapter 1

  10. Graphics Pipeline (3) • For the above example: (a) Geometry transformation to a common reference frame and view frustum culling. (b) Primitives after viewing transformation, projection, and backface culling. (c) Rasterization (d) fragment depth sorting: the darker a shade, the nearer the corresponding point is to the virtual camera. (e) Material color estimation. (f) Shading and other fragment operations (such as fog). 10 Graphics & Visualization: Principles & Algorithms Chapter 1

  11. Image Buffers Storage and Encoding of Digital Images : • Image buffer is a 2D array of dimensions w x h • Size of the image buffer is at least ( w x h x bpp ) / 8 bytes • Color depth (bpp) : # bits used to store the color of each pixel • Color representations: � Monochromatic (grayscale) True-color � Multi-channel (red/green/blue) � Palleted (CLUT) • True-color : image buffer stores full color intensity information of each pixel • Color look – up table (CLUT): � bits per pixel do not affect the accuracy of the displayed color 11 Graphics & Visualization: Principles & Algorithms Chapter 1

  12. Image Buffers (2) • Image buffer with CLUT: • Image buffers occupy contiguous space of memory 12 Graphics & Visualization: Principles & Algorithms Chapter 1

  13. Image Buffers (3) Frame Buffer: � memory where all pixel color information from rasterization is accumulated before being driven to the graphics output � double buffering Depth Buffer or Z-buffer: � stores distance values � used for hidden surface elimination Other Buffers: � Stencil Buffer � Accumulation Buffer 13 Graphics & Visualization: Principles & Algorithms Chapter 1

  14. Graphics Hardware Image - Generation hardware: • Display adapters • Double Buffering: � 2 frame buffers, buffer swapping • 2D graphics accelerators: � Apply 2D rasterization algorithms � Partially freeing CPU • 3D graphics accelerators: � Adoption of Z-buffer algorithm � Completely freeing CPU � Parallelism • Programmable graphics hardware � 2 types of shaders (vertex, fragment) 14 Graphics & Visualization: Principles & Algorithms Chapter 1

  15. Graphics Hardware (2) Image - Output hardware: • Display monitors � Cathode ray tube (CRT) � Liquid crystal displays (LCD) � Thin – film transistor (TFT) 15 Graphics & Visualization: Principles & Algorithms Chapter 1

  16. Graphics Hardware (3) • Projection systems � 2 projection methods (rear, front) � 3 projection technologies (CRT, LCD, DLP) • Printer graphics � Raster image is converted to dots � Different shades achieved using halftoning • Printer technologies � Inkjet printers � Laser printers 16 Graphics & Visualization: Principles & Algorithms Chapter 1

  17. Conventions • Scalars : x, y, z • Vector quantities : � Points: a , b ��� � � � , , � Vectors: a b Oa ˆ ˆ , � Unit vectors: e n 1 • Matrices: M , R x � = [0 ,1 ,2] T � Column vectors: v • Functions: � Standard mathematical functions and custom functions: sin( θ ) � Functions follow the above conventions for scalar and vector quantities � • Norms: v • Standard sets : � � , • Algorithm descriptions are given in pseudocode based on standard C and C++ � • Advanced sections are marked with an asterisk 17 Graphics & Visualization: Principles & Algorithms Chapter 1

Download Presentation
Download Policy: The content available on the website is offered to you 'AS IS' for your personal information and use only. It cannot be commercialized, licensed, or distributed on other websites without prior consent from the author. To download a presentation, simply click this link. If you encounter any difficulties during the download process, it's possible that the publisher has removed the file from their server.

Recommend

INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION

TRAINING COURSE ON SOCIAL PROTECTION & FORMALIZATION TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO MARCH 15, 2017 INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION Design of the NIS Assistance from the

547 views • 23 slides
INTRODUCTION Introduction 2/42 INTRODUCTION Alternations I am giving bread to the

INTRODUCTION Introduction 2/42 INTRODUCTION Alternations I am giving bread to the

Patterns of variation in the expression of case and agreement Andrs Brny Leiden University Centre for Linguistics 9 November 2019, BaSIS Workshop a.barany@hum.leidenuniv.nl INTRODUCTION Introduction 2/42 INTRODUCTION

1.37k views • 42 slides
Introduction Introduction Introduction Introduction Outline Motivation Failures

Introduction Introduction Introduction Introduction Outline Motivation Failures

Introduction Introduction Introduction Introduction Outline Motivation Failures Definition and concepts Process and product properties Principles SE Approaches Motivation Software and the economy The economies of

1.03k views • 49 slides
Introduction Introduction Introduction Nationwide Cause for Concern 1

Introduction Introduction Introduction Nationwide Cause for Concern 1

Introduction Introduction Introduction Nationwide Cause for Concern 1 https://www.cdc.gov/std/stats17/infographic.htm Introduction Epidemiology in Western Colorado CPHE Surveillance Data Report, May 2018 Chlamydia Epidemiology in Western

977 views • 39 slides
DAQ introduction Purpose of this talk : (1) Introduction for those who have not been in every

DAQ introduction Purpose of this talk : (1) Introduction for those who have not been in every

DAQ introduction Purpose of this talk : (1) Introduction for those who have not been in every meeting (2) Some ideas of diagrams for section 7.1 (Introduction) of TP. Giles Barr 25 Jan 2018, Pembroke College On DUNE, the reality is there is a

474 views • 10 slides
INTRODUCTION cf. Schneider, Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION THEY ARE OUT TO GET YOU INTRODUCTION WHAT

INTRODUCTION cf. Schneider, Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION THEY ARE OUT TO GET YOU INTRODUCTION WHAT

ADVANCED COMPUTER SECURITY INTRODUCTION cf. Schneider, Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION THEY ARE OUT TO GET YOU INTRODUCTION WHAT IS SECURITY? A systems security policies describe What the system is supposed to do Store and provide access

479 views • 16 slides
Overview Introduction to SMIL Introduction to W3C and XML Introduction to SMIL

Overview Introduction to SMIL Introduction to W3C and XML Introduction to SMIL

Overview Introduction to SMIL Introduction to W3C and XML Introduction to SMIL Writing a SMIL file Adding Media Objects Martin Halvey Clipping media files January 2008 Timing and Synchronising Layout World Wide

387 views • 14 slides
14 Introduction Introduction Bad guys can put malware into Example: hosts

14 Introduction Introduction Bad guys can put malware into Example: hosts

Introduction Introduction source Encapsulation ISO/OSI reference model message M application segment H t H t M transport network datagram H n H n H t M presentation: allow applications to frame link H l H n H t M interpret

583 views • 4 slides
Previous Lecture Introduction to SMIL 2 Introduction to W3C and XML Introduction to SMIL

Previous Lecture Introduction to SMIL 2 Introduction to W3C and XML Introduction to SMIL

Previous Lecture Introduction to SMIL 2 Introduction to W3C and XML Introduction to SMIL Writing a SMIL file Adding Media Objects Martin Halvey Clipping media files January 2008 Timing and Synchronising Layout

322 views • 8 slides
Lecture 1 Andreas Habegger Introduction Zynq Introduction Zynq Introduction Zynq PS vs. PL

Lecture 1 Andreas Habegger Introduction Zynq Introduction Zynq Introduction Zynq PS vs. PL

Introduction Zynq Lecture 1 Andreas Habegger Introduction Zynq Introduction Zynq Introduction Zynq PS vs. PL Processing System Processor Peripherals Data Buses AXI Bus Conclusion BTE5380 - Embedded Systems Octobre 2014 Andreas Habegger

1.81k views • 30 slides
2018.06 01 SMILE5 Introduction S E 5 02 Alpha Cloud M I L 03 Company Introduction 04

2018.06 01 SMILE5 Introduction S E 5 02 Alpha Cloud M I L 03 Company Introduction 04

2018.06 01 SMILE5 Introduction S E 5 02 Alpha Cloud M I L 03 Company Introduction 04 Project References S E 5 PART.1 SMILE5 Introduction M I L Introduction STORION-SMILE5 Residential Energy Storage System Inverter 5kW Output Input

1.06k views • 25 slides
Introduction to CICS Course introduction Course introduction What is CICS? What is an

Introduction to CICS Course introduction Course introduction What is CICS? What is an

Introduction to CICS Course introduction Course introduction What is CICS? What is an application server? Why use an application server? Course introduction Services provided by CICS How CICS applications are defined Scaling CICS to meet

1.84k views • 146 slides
Network Visualization Introduction Presented by Shahed Introduction Introduction Basic

Network Visualization Introduction Presented by Shahed Introduction Introduction Basic

Network Visualization Introduction Presented by Shahed Introduction Introduction Basic building blocks Node Links (relationship between nodes) Spatial information Network data

584 views • 9 slides
Introduction Introduction (1) Main argument of the paper: universities are not only

Introduction Introduction (1) Main argument of the paper: universities are not only

Le jugement des pairs comme outil de management des universits Peer-review as a management tool Christine Musselin (CSO, Sciences Po et CNRS) Avril 2013, Lirrsistible ascension du capitalisme acadmique Introduction Introduction (1)

590 views • 28 slides
Introduction Introduction to storage and to storage and filesystems filesystems Introduction

Introduction Introduction to storage and to storage and filesystems filesystems Introduction

Moreno Baricevic Gilberto Daz Axel Kohlmeyer Stefano Cozzini ULA ICTP CNR-IOM DEMOCRITOS Merida, VENEZUELA Trieste, ITALY Trieste, ITALY Introduction Introduction to storage and to storage and filesystems filesystems Introduction

1.19k views • 51 slides
JABLOTRON JA-100 introduction November 2011 Introduction Todays goals First introduction of

JABLOTRON JA-100 introduction November 2011 Introduction Todays goals First introduction of

JABLOTRON JA-100 introduction November 2011 Introduction Todays goals First introduction of the brand new JA-100 alarm system Visions Basic architecture System components Setting Help us with final validations You are the FIRST ones

1.69k views • 111 slides
Images CS418 Computer Graphics John C. Hart Vector v. Raster Graphics Vector Graphics Raster

Images CS418 Computer Graphics John C. Hart Vector v. Raster Graphics Vector Graphics Raster

Images CS418 Computer Graphics John C. Hart Vector v. Raster Graphics Vector Graphics Raster Graphics Plotters, laser displays TVs, monitors, phones Clip art, illustrations Photographs PostScript, PDF, SVG

874 views • 8 slides
INFOGR Computer Graphics Jacco Bikker & Debabrata Panja - April-July 2019 Lecture 5:

INFOGR Computer Graphics Jacco Bikker & Debabrata Panja - April-July 2019 Lecture 5:

INFOGR Computer Graphics Jacco Bikker & Debabrata Panja - April-July 2019 Lecture 5: Graphics Fundamentals Welcome! Todays Agenda: Rasters Colors Ray Tracing Assignment P2 INFOGR Lecture 5 Graphics

746 views • 51 slides
Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) Figure 2.4 from H&B CRT

Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) Figure 2.4 from H&B CRT

Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) Figure 2.4 from H&B CRT

429 views • 10 slides
CS 5 4 3 : Com puter Graphics Lecture 9 ( Part I I I ) : Raster Graphics: Draw ing Lines

CS 5 4 3 : Com puter Graphics Lecture 9 ( Part I I I ) : Raster Graphics: Draw ing Lines

CS 5 4 3 : Com puter Graphics Lecture 9 ( Part I I I ) : Raster Graphics: Draw ing Lines Emmanuel Agu 2 D Graphics Pipeline Clipping window to Object Applying Object viewport subset world window World Coordinates mapping Simple 2D

287 views • 25 slides
Introd u ction to the dataset W OR K IN G W ITH G E OSPATIAL DATA IN P YTH ON Joris Van den

Introd u ction to the dataset W OR K IN G W ITH G E OSPATIAL DATA IN P YTH ON Joris Van den

Introd u ction to the dataset W OR K IN G W ITH G E OSPATIAL DATA IN P YTH ON Joris Van den Bossche Open so u rce so w are de v eloper and teacher , GeoPandas maintainer Artisanal mining site data from IPIS IPIS : International Peace

531 views • 38 slides
Your Scala Type System Working for You! The Earth is not Flat But most of the ways we look at it

Your Scala Type System Working for You! The Earth is not Flat But most of the ways we look at it

Your Scala Type System Working for You! The Earth is not Flat But most of the ways we look at it are: It's not exactly round either... The Earth has a bit of a "spare-tire" caused by its rotation This makes the math harder Some

499 views • 38 slides
Introduction (00) RNDr. Martin Madaras, PhD. madaras@skeletex.xyz Image Processing Lectures 1-6

Introduction (00) RNDr. Martin Madaras, PhD. madaras@skeletex.xyz Image Processing Lectures 1-6

Fundamentals of Computer Graphics and Image Processing Introduction (00) RNDr. Martin Madaras, PhD. madaras@skeletex.xyz Image Processing Lectures 1-6 (21.9 2.11) doc. RNDr. Milan Ftnik,CSc . 2 Computer Graphics Lectures 7-12 (9.11

1.48k views • 115 slides
Geographic Data Science - Lecture III Spatial Data Dani Arribas-Bel Day 1 Introduced the

Geographic Data Science - Lecture III Spatial Data Dani Arribas-Bel Day 1 Introduced the

Geographic Data Science - Lecture III Spatial Data Dani Arribas-Bel Day 1 Introduced the (geo-)data revolution What is it? Why now? The need of (geo-)data science to make sense of it all Today Types of (geo-)data: refresher

423 views • 24 slides

More recommend