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KNYSNA SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK STRATEGIC SYNTHESIS

6 June 2017

KNYSNA SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK 2017

STRATEGIC SYNTHESIS

6 June 2017

Inspired…Innovative…Inclusive!

K N Y S N A S P A T I A L D E V E L O P M E N T F R A M E W O R K K N Y S N A S P A T I A L D E V E L O P M E N T

PRESENTED AND PREPARED BY:

BARBARA SOUTHWORTH GAPP Architects and Urban Designers 150 Longmarket Street, Cape Town, 8000 Telephone: +27 21 424 2390 Email: barbara@ctn.gapp.net

SUBMITTED:

6 June 2017

CONTACT

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K N Y S N A S P A T I A L D E V E L O P M E N T F R A M E W O R K K N Y S N A S P A T I A L D E V E L O P M E N T

CONTENT

• 1. BACKGROUND & PURPOSE
• 2. POLICY CONTEXT & VISION DIRECTIVES
• 3. OVERVIEW OF THE KNYSNA MUNICIPALITY
• 4. SPATIAL DRIVERS OF CHANGE
• 5. SPATIAL PROPOSALS
• 6. IMPLEMENTATION FRAMEWORK
• 7. CONCLUSIONS & WAY FORWARD

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K N Y S N A S P A T I A L D E V E L O P M E N T

BACKGROUND & PURPOSE

• A Municipal Spatial Development Framework must align with the IDP to be compliant

both in terms of content and process as set out in Spatial Planning and Land Use Management Act, & Western Cape Land Use Planning Act.

• The SDF needs to provide long term spatial direction for development within the

municipality and must take into account municipal sector plans, including:

• A Strategic Environmental Assessment
• Human Settlement Plan
• Economic Development Strategy
• Human Settlement Plan
• Infrastructure Masterplan

The SDF should:

• Be a practical and implementable guid to the Municipality in the execution of its powers and

functions,

• Private sector in where investment and development will be supported by the municipality

K N Y S N A S P A T I A L D E V E L O P M E N T

KNYNSNA SDF REVIEW PROCESS & TIMEFRAMES

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• The 2008 SDF is the currently approved SDF for Knysna Municipality. A process of Review

commenced in 2013 (before the promulgation of LUPA and the KM Planning By-Law

• In March 2016 a draft SDF was tabled to KM Council.
• The 2016 SDF Review Draft Report commenced the review of the 2008 SDF and this was

advertised for comment in April 2017 and the MEC for Local Government was notified.

• Stakeholder workshops were held on the 19th and 22nd May as part of the IDP roadshow.
• Written and recorded comments as well as comments from the Western Cape DRDLR were

compiled and the key issues informed the preparation of the Strategic 2017 Knysna SDF Summary Report

• A schedule of the stakeholder comments and inputs how they are either incorporated into

this SDF revision or how and where they will be addressed in the future is included in Annexure A

K N Y S N A S P A T I A L D E V E L O P M E N T

POLICY CONTEXT AND VISION DIRECTIVES

• IMPLICATIONS OF RELEVENT NATIONAL POLICIES – SPATIAL PLANNING AND LAND USE

MANAGEMENT ACT, 2013 (ACT 16 OF 2013) (SPLUMA) SPLUMA (Act 16 of 2013) provides detailed guidance on the content and process of preparing an SDF. In summary an SDF should include:

• A 5-year spatial plan for the municipality
• A 10-20 year spatial vision for the pattern of growth and development of the

municipality.

• The structuring and restructuring elements of the spatial framework (e.g.

development corridors)

• An understanding of expected growth, housing demand, economic outlook and job

creation and where this will be accommodated

• The implications for infrastructure provision over the 5-year period
• Environmental pressures and opportunities, including critical and vulnerable

resources, agricultural land and coastal access

• Identification of areas where detailed local plans are needed
• Implications of the SDF for land use management

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IMPLICATIONS OF RELEVENT PROVINCIAL POLICIES - WESTERN CAPE PROVINCIAL SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK (2014)

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The Western Cape Provincial Spatial Development Framework, (PSDF):

• gives spatial expression to the national and provincial development agendas;
• serves as basis for coordinating, integrating and aligning ‘on the ground’ delivery of

national and provincial departmental programmes;

• supports municipalities to fulfil their municipal planning mandate in line with the

national and provincial agendas. It communicates government’s spatial development intentions to the private sector and civil society. Alignment of the KSDF with this plan is thus not only a legal requirement but a strategic imperative to ensure that the KMA optimises provincial support for its development agenda. The PSDF is driven by three major themes:

• 1. growing the economy,
• 2. using infrastructure investment to effect change, and
• 3. ensuring the sustainable use of the provincial resource base

WESTERN CAPE PROVINCIAL SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK

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HERITAGE STUDY

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WCPDF Conference 2014 - Provincial Approach to Development

Rural Development Corridor George/ Mossel Bay Functional Region Greater Saldanha Functional Region Cape Metro Functional Region Tourism/ Leisure Corridor Tourism/ Leisure Corridor Rural Development Corridor

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IMPLICATIONS OF RELEVENT PROVINCIAL POLICIES – Southern Cape RSIF

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• The PSDF Identified the Southern Cape as one of the key engines of the WC economy and is

carrying out a Regional Spatial Implementation Framework for the Southern Cape Functional Region.

• Knysna Municipality is identified as a key regional tourism and leisure corridor, along with

Bitou

The Southern Cape functional region makes up:

• 85% of the population of

the Eden (526 000) – set to grow to over 90% of the population in 2040 (631 000);

• 90% of the Economy

happens in this space;

• Significant regional

infrastructure;

K N Y S N A S P A T I A L D E V E L O P M E N T

IMPLICATIONS OF RELEVENT PROVINCIAL POLICIES - LAND USE PLANNING ACT, 2014 (ACT 3 OF 2014) (LUPA)

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LUPA (Act 3 of 2014) , has translated SPLUMA objectives and provides a framework act and directives for all aspects land use management and planning in the Western Cape. It provides additional guidance on the preparation of SDFs. Section 10 states that a municipal SDF should:

• Comply with other applicable legislation (e.g. SPLUMA)
• Promote predictability in the utilisation of land
• Address development priorities
• Where relevant, provide for specific spatial focus areas, including towns, other nodes,

sensitive areas, or areas experiencing specific development pressure

• Consist of a report and maps covering the whole municipal area, reflecting municipal

planning and the following structuring elements: − Transportation routes − Open space systems and ecological corridors. − Proposed major projects of organs of state with substantial spatial implications − Outer limits to lateral expansion − Densification of urban areas

• Be aligned with provincial spatial plans and strategies and indicate structuring elements

such as provincial road networks and cultural and ecological resources of provincial importance

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DISTRICT PLANNING INFORMANTS - EDEN SDF SPATIAL CONCEPT

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DISTRICT PLANNING INFORMANTS - EDEN SDF & IDP ALIGNMENT

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The Eden District Municipal SDF is in the process of being compiled and a spatial concept for the District has been developed and approved with the 2017 Eden IDP Review. The EDM’s overarching Vision and Mission, has been aligned in the SDF and IDP. The SDF is spatialising the Eden vision and strategies within a sustainable, long-term growth path as required by SPLUMA. The EDM has given the SDF Review clear direction to:

• Address financial, social, environmental and institutional sustainability to set the foundation for a

vibrant, sustainable region

• Actively promote spatial integration, inclusion and redress
• Enable appropriate land use planning oversight
• Optimisation of Eden District assets

K N Y S N A S P A T I A L D E V E L O P M E N T

DISTRICT PLANNING INFORMANTS - EDEN SDF

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The Eden SDF is underpinned by three strategic spatial drivers:

• 1. A sustainable environment is an economy positioned for growth - The Economy is the

Environment

• 2. Regional Accessibility for Inclusive and Equitable Growth
• 3. Coordinated Growth Management is Key to Financial Sustainability

These are underpinned by a fourth driver; effective, transversal institutional integration – we need to plan, budget and manage as one government. This aims to establish a robust institutional context for spatial planning must take effect, with particular reference to municipal finance, coordinated infrastructure planning and delivery as well as viable project preparation and pipelines.

• 4. We need to plan, budget & manage as One Government

Institutional coordination is essential to achieving spatial transformation objectives

• 1. The Economy is the Environment

A sustainable economy is an economy positioned for growth

• 2. Regional Accessibility for Inclusive Growth

In Eden improved regional & local accessibility is essential to achieving inclusive growth

• 3. Coordinated Growth Management

for Financial Sustainability

We have to manage growth and meet needs holistically to do more with less

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ADJACENT MUNICIPALITIES - GEORGE SDF (2013)

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K N Y S N A S P A T I A L D E V E L O P M E N T

ADJACENT MUNICIPALITIES - BITOU SDF (2013)

BITOU LOCAL MUNICIPAL SDF (11.21 CNdV africa Pty (Ltd) SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT FRAMEW 20 May 2

page 2

Figure 5.2.5.1 Draft Municipal Spatial Development Framework

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K N Y S N A S P A T I A L D E V E L O P M E N T

OVERVIEW OF THE KNYSNA MUNICIPALITY: KEY SPATIAL CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES

K N Y S N A S P A T I A L D E V E L O P M E N T

KNYSNA MUNICIPALITY OVERVIEW

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• Knysna Municipality is at the heart of the Garden Route and one of seven municipalities

making up the Eden District.

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KEY SOCIO – ECONOMIC INFORMANTS

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• The Knysna Draft Human Settlement Plan, projected the population growth for

settlements in the KMA to grow by 1,2% per annum, with the bulk of growth as expected in the town of Knysna. (this correlates with MERO data)

• Based on a household size of 3.1 persons (a calculation based on 2011 Census

information), this would imply that between 2011 and 2030 an additional 5 675 units will be needed just to accommodate the population growth.

• Income groups, types of housing required and the extent to which government assistance

will be needed to meet the demand are not differentiates. (Urban Econ Study (2013) has indicated

that the bulk of the demand will be in lower income brackets requiring a full subsidy or partial subsidy such as

• ffered by the FLISP or Social Housing programmes).

K N Y S N A S P A T I A L D E V E L O P M E N T

KNYSNA MUNICIPALITY OVERVIEW

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• In 2011 unemployment in Knysna was measured at 24,8% and youth unemployment

32,3%. These figures have worsened in the light of job shedding in the agriculture, forestry, fishing, manufacturing and construction sectors reported for the period 2005-2013.

• Areas experiencing the highest unemployment are: Knysna Northern Areas, Hornlee,

Rheenendal and Smutsville and Sizamile in Sedgefield.

• Job demands are increasingly required are in the highly skilled and skilled categories.

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MUNICIPAL POLICY & VISION - INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT

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The medium term revenue and expenditure framework for the 2016/2017 financial year had a total capital expenditure budget of R174.4 million, of which the bulk was to be spent on:

• Housing programmes (R57.4 million or 33%)

and the remainder as follows:

• R22.6 million for upgrading the pumping scheme at the Charlesford Dam
• R10 million for multi-purpose centres (from the NPDG)
• R8.3 million for the Knysna WWTW Screw press
• R2.5 million for a new cemetery in Knysna
• R4.6 million for the upgrade of Gray Street in Knysna

The draft 2017/2018 MTREF indicates a significantly reduced capital expenditure budget of

• nly R 123.1 million with a shift towards spending on infrastructure:
• Water Infrastructure R 27.7 Million (to address water scarcity)
• Electricity: R 23.8 Million
• Sanitation: R 10.6 Million
• Refuse Removal: R 1.2 Million
• Roads Infrastructure: R 9.7 Million

K N Y S N A S P A T I A L D E V E L O P M E N T

KNYSNA MUNICIPALITY OVERVIEW

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• While it has the greatest growth potential within the District, Knysna Municipality displays

a trend towards jobless growth

• At the same time government funding allocations to meet backlogs and fund new growth

are declining (DEA&DP Spatial Intelligence Unit, 2017)

• WE CANNOT CONTINUE WITH BUSINESS AS USUAL!!

K N Y S N A S P A T I A L D E V E L O P M E N T

MUNICIPAL POLICY & VISION – KNYSNA MUNICIPAL FINANCES

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K N Y S N A S P A T I A L D E V E L O P M E N T

MUNICIPAL POLICY & VISION - MUNICIPAL VISION STATEMENT

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“INCLUSIVE, INNOVATIVE, INSPIRED” THE MISSION: Recognises the importance of

the natural resource base as underpinning the quality of life of its people

“conserving our natural resources through updating our IDP, SDF, zoning schemes, service master plans and other related activities” AND “planning for the growth and development of quality municipal services to support our community”

K N Y S N A S P A T I A L D E V E L O P M E N T

SPATIAL DRIVERS OF CHANGE

• 1. Tensions between growth (and need to address backlogs and grow the economy)

and the fundamental ecological resource base of the KM

• 2. Inequitable, exclusionary access to the opportunities, services and amenities of

KM

• 3. Charting a path for sustainable, resource efficient (affordable) and resilient

development

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STRATEGIC CHALLENGE #1: THE ECONOMY & THE ENVIRONMENT

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• The critical ecological, social and economic role of biodiversity and natural systems must

be recognised. LOSS OF ECOSYSTEM SERVICES - Sprawl vs.

Compact Growth

(Mossel Bay Growth Options, PDG, 2015)

Garden Route National Park and natural areas in buffer zone (SANParks)

K N Y S N A S P A T I A L D E V E L O P M E N T

STRATEGIC CHALLENGE #1: CRITICAL BIODIVERSITY AREAS

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K N Y S N A S P A T I A L D E V E L O P M E N T

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STRATEGIC CHALLENGE #1: ECONOMY & THE ENVIRONMENT - RISKS

K N Y S N A S P A T I A L D E V E L O P M E N T

STRATEGIC CHALLENGE #1: ECONOMY AND ENVIRONMENT CONSIDERATIONS

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• Growth pressures in the most sensitive environments (biodiversity, coastal edges, river

systems and so on

• The character of the Knysna Municipality is based on its link with the forests, coastline,

rivers, dunes and lagoons and this is under threat from inappropriate development

• New forms of development that

“We need to face up to the systemic problem that cities take resources from nature, but, at present, give little back to assure the health of ecosystems on which the long-term viability of cities ultimat depends”. Giradet, 2017, Academy of Urbanism

K N Y S N A S P A T I A L D E V E L O P M E N T

STRATEGIC CHALLENGE #1: THE ECONOMY AND THE ENVIRONMENT TENSIONS

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STRATEGIC CHALLENGE #2: EQUITABLE AND EFFICIENT ACCESSIBILITY

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STRATEGIC CHALLENGE #3: KNYSNA GROWTH MANAGEMENT AND CAPACITY

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• Growth pressures in a context of declining infrastructure capacity, and growing maintenance backl
• Resources and infrastructure capacity cannot sustain business as usual
• Focus on regeneration and renewal of existing areas before funding new development

K N Y S N A S P A T I A L D E V E L O P M E N T

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STRATEGIC CHALLENGE #3: KNYSNA GROWTH MANAGEMENT AND CAPACITY

K N Y S N A S P A T I A L D E V E L O P M E N T

SPATIAL PROPOSALS

K N Y S N A S P A T I A L D E V E L O P M E N T

SPATIAL VISION & CONCEPT: 3 SPATIAL STRATEGIES

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• 1. Protect and enhance a KMOSS, both inside and outside the urban edge
• 2. Connect communities, opportunities and amenities
• 3. Manage growth to ensure a resilient and sustainable future

K N Y S N A S P A T I A L D E V E L O P M E N T

SPATIAL STRATEGY #1: The Environment IS the Economy

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• Designate, protect and enhance an interconnected Knysna Municipal Open Space Network

(KMOSS) which is the basis of it’s economy and a resilient future for all communities

• Biodiversity (CBAs)
• Agriculture (food security) and agriprocessing
• Rivers, lagoons and wetlands
• Coastal systems
• Improve inclusive use and safe access to KMOSS

K N Y S N A S P A T I A L D E V E L O P M E N T

SPATIAL STRATEGY #1– ECONOMY & THE ENVIRONMENT (2016)

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• Expansive urban edges accommodating lateral sprawl
• Infill of green networks, coastal setbacks and river corridors
• Densification in contexts where the receiving environment cannot handle the impacts

(water pollution)

• Erosion of the identity of the forest, coastal, cliff, headlands, lagoon and river amenities

K N Y S N A S P A T I A L D E V E L O P M E N T

SPATIAL STRATEGy #1: – ECONOMY & THE ENVIRONMENT (PROPOSED)

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• Focus on establishing and enhancing KMOSS to ensure integrity and coherence of the green netw
• Prioritise investment in consolidation nodes to create complete communities, towns and villages
• Identify long term potential growth areas requiring more detailed study of their economi viability

and ecological impacts and social justice objectives SPATIAL STRATEGY #1– ECONOMY & THE ENVIRONMENT (2017)

K N Y S N A S P A T I A L D E V E L O P M E N T

SPATIAL STRATEGY #2: INCLUSIVE ACCESS FOR SPATIAL JUSTICE AND INCLUSIVITY

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• Connect isolated communities via an access loop that optimises the potential of all

settlements and makes an affordable public transport service more viable

• Give preference to pedestrian, cycle and public transport users
• Deal with seasonal congestion through appropriate access and parking management plans

K N Y S N A S P A T I A L D E V E L O P M E N T

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• Upgrade links along key segments of the N2
• Connect northern and southern parts of the “consolidation nodes” to establish, complete, mixed use,

accessible areas

• Improve links between Karatara and Rheenendal, Knysna and Uniondale
• Deal with key congestion points along the N2 to balance local use and regional through traffic

SPATIAL STRATEGY #2: INCLUSIVE ACCESS FOR SPATIAL JUSTICE AND INCLUSIVITY

K N Y S N A S P A T I A L D E V E L O P M E N T

SPATIAL STRATEGY #3: STRATEGIC AND PHASED GROWTH MANAGEMENT FOR A VIABLE FUTU

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• Prioritise investment in the consolidation of an interconnected system of key growth nodes that

integrate northern settlements with amenities and opportunities along the shoreline

• Densify, regenerate and intensify the use and vibrancy of these consolidation nodes as places for t

residents of Knysna to enjoy throughout the year

• Focus on upgrading infrastructure capacity in consolidation areas to accommodate new growth and

deal with maintenance backlogs.

K N Y S N A S P A T I A L D E V E L O P M E N T

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• Contain sprawl and focus on consolidation for the next 5 years
• Balance infrastructure and ecological resource capacity by employing smart growth strategies

(densification, infill) SPATIAL STRATEGY #3: STRATEGIC AND PHASED GROWTH MANAGEMENT FOR A VIABLE FUTU

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REVISED 2017 COMPOSITE SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK

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SPATIAL VISION & CONCEPT

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IMPLEMENTATION FRAMEWORK

K N Y S N A S P A T I A L D E V E L O P M E N T

POLICIES

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The following policy statements need to be developed in more detail and adopted by the Knynsa Council:

• 1. Densification policy
• 2. Knysna Open Space Network Policy
• 3. CBD Regeneration policy including incentives, zoning amendments and other

instruments to achieve “complete neighbourhoods”

• 4. Urban Edge amendment policy
• 5. Protection and economic optimisation of the cultural landscape (including passes,
• 6. coastal settlements and rural villages

K N Y S N A S P A T I A L D E V E L O P M E N T

GUIDELINES

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The following guidelines should be prepared as part of the next review of the Knysna SDF:

• 1. Densification Guidelines
• 2. Land use and management guidelines for land within and adjacent to the Knysna

Open Space Network

• 3. Urban regeneration
• 4. River interface guidelines for new development as well as remedial improvements

to existing interfaces.

• 5. Coastal edge management guidelines
• 6. Complete street design and development guidelines
• 7. Complete village design and development

K N Y S N A S P A T I A L D E V E L O P M E N T

CAPITAL INVESTMENT FRAMEWORK

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• The Spatial Planning and Land Use Management Act (SPLUMA) requires that a SDF contain

“…a capital expenditure framework (CIF) for the municipality’s development programmes, depicted spatially” (Section 21(n)).

• The SDF guidelines further elaborate that this is required to “align the capital investment

and budgeting processes moving forward” (pg 23) to spatial planning objectives. The CIF needs to provide guidance on are:

• What do we need to spend where, and on what?
• Is the spatial growth trajectory affordable?
• How does investment implement policy objectives?
• Further review of the Knysna SDF should include a clear framework for planning approval and

infrastructure investment that includes a fiscal planning tool that can test the financial viability of spatial proposals and their impacts on costs for all spheres of government, communities, businesses and households.

K N Y S N A S P A T I A L D E V E L O P M E N T

SPATIAL PRIORITIES & REQUIRED PRECINCT PLANS

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More detailed investigation at the level of local area plans and precinct plans should be carried

• ut for:
• Knynsa Town CBD Mixed Use and Densification Zone (including the regeneration of Grey

Street);

• Karatara Eco-Industrial Development;
• The Knysna Central Park;
• Knysna Industrial Area mixed use node;
• Heidevallei Green Industrial Precinct; and
• Karatara Rural Regeneration Plan
• Others…

K N Y S N A S P A T I A L D E V E L O P M E N T

RESPONSE TO COMMENTS

K N Y S N A S P A T I A L D E V E L O P M E N T

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STAKEHOLDER COMMENT & RESPONSE COMMMENTS AND RESPONSED RECEIVED:

• 1. Written comments in response to 2016 SDF Draft issued for comment
• 2. Verbal comment recorded at IDP roadshow meetings on the 19th and 22nd May
• 3. Written comment from MEC Bredell

RESPONSES:

• 1. Have informed the strategic 2017 SDF Synthesis Report
• 2. Comments have been grouped by theme and an indication provided of how they have

been addressed in the SDF or where they are better dealt with alternative processes

K N Y S N A S P A T I A L D E V E L O P M E N T

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STAKEHOLDER COMMENT & RESPONSE

DRAFT KNYSNA SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK 38

8 Annexure 1: Summary of Stakeholder Inputs and Responses

Input by: COMMENT

SDF REVIEW RESPONSE ALTERNATIVE ACTION Theme: Environment/ Biodiversity

S Booth Does the municipality own any land which they can declare protected areas? To be investigated S Campbell It would be wasteful expenditure on ground truthing while it should be in the SDF already. Present CBA ‘s are too coarse to draw edges

• n - they have to be to be ground truthed as

better informants. SANParks (meeting) Sanparks

• wants site visits to the areas included in the

urban edge.

• requires conservation corridors to be attended

to. Corridors are addressed in the revision SANParks The Knysna Municipality is located in the Garden Route National Park (GRNP) buffer zone and the Biodiversity Policy and Strategy for South Africa for National Park buffer zones should be considered. The municipality is not in the Garden Route National Park (GRNP). Positioning the Knysna Municipality in the context of a National Park buffer zone was not adequately addressed in the Draft ISDF documents. SANParks supports cooperative governance. To be addressed in the updated SEA SANParks Implications of the National Environmental Management: Biodiversity Act (10 of 2004) not incorporated. To be addressed in the updated SEA SANParks Listed threatened ecosystems that are threatened and in need of protection were not incorporated in the Draft ISDF. To be addressed in the updated SEA SANParks SANParks is concerned that large scale development plans are included in the draft SDF without considering biodiversity conservation. If the SDF is approved in its current format it is No ‘development plan’ will be approved without a proper EIA and ground truthing of CBA’s. Inclusion in the urban edge does not imply blanket approvals on all land inside the

K N Y S N A S P A T I A L D E V E L O P M E N T

CONCLUSIONS & WAY FORWARD

K N Y S N A S P A T I A L D E V E L O P M E N T

PROPOSED SDF REVIEW PROCESS

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Immediately upon the adoption of the 2017 IDP and Strategic SDF, a comprehensive and systematic review of the IDP, SDF and sector plans should commence so that these are aligned to clearly and coherently direct decision making and investment priorities across all sectors within Knysna Municipality.

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THANK YOU DANKIE ENKOSI COMMENTS AND QUESTIONS