Information competence Aim Identify Syntax and Semantic issues - - PDF document

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Information competence Aim Identify Syntax and Semantic issues - - PDF document

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INF3280 14 February 2014 Information competence Aim Identify Syntax and Semantic issues for your Assignment 2 Determine the level of mastery of these goals according to the learning models Literature

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SLIDE 1

Jens Kaasbøll INF3280 — 14 February 2014

Information competence

  • Aim
  • Identify
  • Syntax and
  • Semantic issues

for your Assignment 2

  • Determine the level of mastery of these goals according to
  • the learning models
  • Literature

– Textbook chapter 7

  • Additional literature
  • Vessey & Conger (1994) Requirement Specification:

Learning Object, Process, and Data Methodologies

1

Representation system

  • Partly implemented in IT

2 Domain IT Activity fit

100 200 300 Jan Feb MarApr May JunJulAug Sep Oct Nov Dec Cases Months

Malaria cases

Riversi de

Semantics Syntax

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SLIDE 2

Jens Kaasbøll INF3280 — 14 February 2014

3

Information

  • About something
  • Representing it
  • Detached in time and space from what it is representing
  • Expressed in a representation system

Information No information International Standard Book Number 4

Representation system

  • Semantics
  • Coupling a domain to a set of symbols
  • Meaning
  • Syntax
  • Symbols
  • Rules for combining symbols
  • Combined symbols

 Combined meaning

  • Examples
  • Language
  • Formal language
  • Arabic number system
  • Roman number system

Musical notation

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SLIDE 3

Jens Kaasbøll INF3280 — 14 February 2014

Syntax

5

Many syntactic rules implemented in IT

IT

100 200 300 Jan Feb MarApr May JunJulAug Sep Oct Nov Dec Cases Months

Malaria cases

Riversi de

Syntax

Types and Instances

Description of a common set of symbols and

  • perations

Integer

Number without decimals Calculation operators

A unit of data adhering to the type

6 Account Balance Owner Deposit Withdraw :Account 18 473.32 Kari :Account 3 292.00 Ola

Class Objects

234 -2 1 000 000

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SLIDE 4

Jens Kaasbøll INF3280 — 14 February 2014

7

Data structures

1-many relationship between customer and address Not explicitly stated Restrictions on values

Aspects of an information concept

8 Aspect Explanation Example – Styles in text processors Semantics What it refers to The format of paragraphs Syntax – Type- Instance Properties and

  • perations enabled

Composite of paragraph, character, border and numbering. Syntax – Restrictions Disabled values and

  • perations

Syntax – Internal structure How the instances are organised. Two level hierarchy Syntax – External structure How its instantiations relate to instantiations

  • f other concepts

Can be applied to 0 or more paragraphs. Comparisons with

  • ther concepts

Similarities and distinctions to other concepts. Style and master slides determine layout of portions of a file. Styles apply to paragraphs, while master slides apply to slides.

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SLIDE 5

Jens Kaasbøll INF3280 — 14 February 2014

Easiness of making data structures

9

Data and object modelling Difficult

Vessey & Conger, 1994

Process modeling Easy

10

Information

Interpret Repeat Imitate Navigate Reflect Syntax skills

Fix up representations which break the rules

Reproduction Skills

Reproduce the symbols

  • f the system

Functional understanding

  • f syntax

Refer to input & output without doing the operation

Learning syntax – levels of mastery

Structural understanding

  • f syntax

Explain the rules and relate concepts

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SLIDE 6

Jens Kaasbøll INF3280 — 14 February 2014

11

Grammar

Structure

Combining noun, apostrophe and s

Interpret Repeat Imitate Navigate Reflect

Fix up representations which break the rules Reproduce the symbols

  • f the system

Explain the rules and how they apply

Learning syntax – example

Astruds song Astrud’s song Astrud’s song Because an apostrophe should precede the genitive s. Refer to input & output without doing the operation Type an ‘ between the name and the s

Semantics

  • Users’ Meaning of the Information
  • Rules and conventions for aligning Information with Domain
  • Collectively agreed by the group of users

12 Domain

100 200 300 Jan Feb MarApr May JunJulAug Sep OctNov Dec Cases Months

Malaria cases

Riversi de

Semantics

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SLIDE 7

Jens Kaasbøll INF3280 — 14 February 2014

Semantic Skill the ability to observe the domain and enter appropriate data and to read data and relate it to the domain. Interpret Repeat Imitate Reflect Structural Understanding the ability to express the rules and conventions governing the domain- information relation Navigate Functional semantic understanding the ability to express why a state in the domain is represented by a particular piece of information Skills

Learning semantics

Information

14 Mammal species

Interpret Repeat Imitate Navigate Reflect Semantic skills

Aligning information and reality

Functional semantic understanding

Learning semantics – example

Tiger Lion Tiger I wonder why they wrote that, is it a kind of metaphor? The word “tiger” denotes a large, striped cat.

Structural semantic understanding

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SLIDE 8

Jens Kaasbøll INF3280 — 14 February 2014

Learning failure – interference

A paragraph is a sequence of sentences dealing with one point A paragraph is a sequence of characters ending with Enter

Learning failures Learner’s often stumble on their paths to understanding, and we often see that the concepts they develop do not correspond to those of the teacher. That does not necessarily mean that one is better than another, but some ways of understanding may be inadequate for certain purposes.

Headline. No paragraph Paragraph Paragraphs

Grammar Word processors

  • Two concepts with similar properties
  • Basing learning on the wrong preconception
  • 1. Find the data structures

16

  • Outline views
  • Data models
  • Deduce from user interface
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SLIDE 9

Jens Kaasbøll INF3280 — 14 February 2014

  • 2. Decide main and sub structure types

17

Sequence Grid (array, matrix) Hierarchy Network Combinations?

  • 3. Decide user group

18

  • Entering and reporting  Only data
  • Setting up data structures  Include types

Visit

Visit-ID Patient Visit-type

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SLIDE 10

Jens Kaasbøll INF3280 — 14 February 2014

  • 4. Include abstract entities

19

  • Events in the Domain represented by a record
  • Planned events

Occupancy From date # nights # guests Reservation From date # nights # guests Room type

  • 5. Include examples
  • In the model
  • Relate to

recognisable places in the user interface

20 Customer Name: Fjoralba Address: Oslo Phone: 123456 Email: fj@mail.com Reservation From date: 24.03.14 # nights: 3 # guests: 2 Room type: Luxe

New reservation

Name Fjoralba # guests 2 From 24 March 2014 # nights 2 Room type Luxe

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SLIDE 11

Jens Kaasbøll INF3280 — 14 February 2014

Start Assignment 2 making

  • A list of 1-3 concepts to include in your teaching
  • A table of the aspects of the concept(s)
  • A structural model for Assignment 2