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Importance of light for cycling Importance of light for cycling - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Importance of light for cycling Importance of light for cycling - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Importance of light for cycling Importance of light for cycling Survey of potential and current cyclists (N = 1,402) Ratings of 73 potential deterrents and motivators for cycling - 1 (Much less likely to cycle) to +1 (Much more likely to
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Importance of light for cycling
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Importance of light for cycling
Survey of potential and current cyclists (N = 1,402) Ratings of 73 potential deterrents and motivators for cycling
- 1 (“Much less likely to cycle”) to +1 (“Much more likely to
cycle”)
Mean rating = +0.50 Ranked in top 10 biggest motivators Mean rating = -0.59 Ranked in top 10 biggest deterrents
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Importance of light for cycling
Survey of potential and current cyclists (N = 1,402) Ratings of 73 potential deterrents and motivators for cycling
- 1 (“Much less likely to cycle”) to +1 (“Much more likely to
cycle”)
Mean rating = +0.50 Ranked in top 10 biggest motivators Mean rating for regular cyclists = -0.37 Mean rating for potential cyclists = -0.70
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Importance of light for cycling
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Importance of light for cycling
Source: Sustrans (2018), “BIKElife All cities publication”, p. 12
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Observational data: Effect of darkness on cyclist numbers
Importance of light for cycling
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CASE HOUR 18:00-18:59 DARK CONTROL HOUR 21:00-21:59 DAYLIGHT CONTROL HOUR 15:00-15:59
00:00 04:00 08:00 12:00 16:00 20:00 23:59
Feb Apr Jun Aug Oct Dec
Date in year Time of day
Quantifying effect of darkness
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Quantifying effect of darkness – odds ratio Case hour in daylight ÷ Case hour in darkness Control hour when case hour in daylight ÷ = Odds ratio – effect of darkness on cyclist numbers Control hour when case hour in darkness
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Quantifying effect of darkness – odds ratio Case hour in daylight ÷ Case hour in darkness Control hour when case hour in daylight ÷ = Odds ratio – effect of darkness on cyclist numbers
Odds ratio > 1 indicates darkness causes decrease in cyclists
Control hour when case hour in darkness
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Quantifying effect of darkness
Significantly greater than 1 – Fewer cyclists after-dark
Source: Fotios, Uttley & Fox (2017), “A whole-year approach showing that ambient light level influences walking and cycling”
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Lighting data
Night-time aerial photography for Birmingham – UK Environment Agency Pixel intensities provide information about brightness and colour of lighting
Source: Hale et al (2013), “Mapping Lightscapes: Spatial patterning of artificial lighting in an urban landscape”
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Lighting data
Source: Hale et al (2013), “Mapping Lightscapes: Spatial patterning of artificial lighting in an urban landscape”
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Cycling data
48 cycle counters in Birmingham Hourly data, 2012-2015 Case hour (18:00) Control hours (14:00, 22:00)
Calculate odds ratio at each counter (larger odds ratio = bigger reduction in cyclists afer- dark)
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Road brightness at cycle counters
Calculate average pixel brightness
- f road segment around counter
Convert average pixel brightness to ‘Brightness Factor’ – standardised to average brightness across whole of Birmingham
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Brightness and cycling after-dark
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Conclusion
Cycling should be viable and inclusive
- ption at all times of
day Darkness puts people
- ff cycling
Only small amount of lighting may be needed to encourage cycling after-dark
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Thanks for listening
Any questions, if you’ve not fallen asleep?
j.uttley@sheffield.ac.uk @AJ_Uttley
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Thanks for listening
Any questions, if you’ve not fallen asleep?
j.uttley@sheffield.ac.uk @AJ_Uttley
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Street light density
Street light density category Number of cycle counters Median street light density (lights per 100 m) None 8 Low 20 2.0 High 20 3.5
Larger
- dds