Hybrid Renewable Mini-grids Dr. Peter Lilienthal March 6, 2013 - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Hybrid Renewable Mini-grids Dr. Peter Lilienthal March 6, 2013 - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Optimizing clean power everywhere Hybrid Renewable Mini-grids Dr. Peter Lilienthal March 6, 2013 www.homerenergy.com HOMER Developed for NRELs Village Power Program 20 year track record HOMER Energy: NREL spin-off 2009

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Hybrid Renewable Mini-grids

  • Dr. Peter Lilienthal

March 6, 2013

www.homerenergy.com

Optimizing clean power everywhere

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HOMER

  • Developed for NREL’s Village Power Program
  • 20 year track record
  • HOMER Energy: NREL spin-off 2009
  • 86,000+ users in 193 countries
  • Most are trying to promote mini-grids

2334 Broadway, Suite B, Boulder, Co. 80304 www.homerenergy.com 1-720-565-4046

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Mini-grids are not new

  • Mostly dumb, dirty diesel microgrids

–Unsustainable operating costs

  • Thousands of island grids

–Multiple units, real utility company

  • Millions of individual diesels

–Part-time service

  • Billions of people with no service

www.homerenergy.com

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Clean, smart, hybrid renewable mini-grids are new

  • Solar and wind don’t stand on their own
  • Get peak performance from the diesels
  • Renewable generation
  • Conventional generation
  • Multiple load types
  • Storage
  • Modular technologies
  • Design flexibility

www.homerenergy.com

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Design Challenges

  • Many possible hybrid configurations
  • How much fuel consumption?
  • How long can the storage last?
  • Understanding trade-offs

– Storage size – Renewable capacity – Load management – Fuel usage

www.homerenergy.com

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A Confused Mind Says “No”

www.homerenergy.com

Hydro Geothermal Smart grids Combined heat and power

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What is best?

  • Depends on the application

–Resources –Loads –Equipment prices –Equipment performance

  • HOMER fits the pieces together

–Bridge technical & economic analyses

2334 Broadway, Suite B, Boulder, Co. 80304 www.homerenergy.com 1-720-565-4046

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Analytical Requirements

  • Simple graphical user interface
  • Chronological simulation

– Storage – Variable generation – Demand response

  • Economic optimization

– Expensive components – Expensive fuel – Many hybrid design choices

  • Sensitivity analysis

– Data uncertainty – Changing technologies – Disparate applications

www.homerenergy.com

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Cost Parity for PV on Diesel Grids

  • Assumptions:

– Low PV penetration system; no subsidies or incentives – Fuel savings only: no capital or O&M cost savings

http://blog.homerenergy.com/2011/10/the-island-energy-challenge/

www.homerenergy.com

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SLIDE 10

What makes PV cost-effective?

  • Solar resource less critical than the wind resource
  • PV capital cost is critical
  • PV cost-effective vs. diesel almost everywhere

www.homerenergy.com

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Multiple Market Segments with Different Value Propositions

http://blog.homerenergy.com/2012/01/microgrid-value-propositions/

www.homerenergy.com

Islands

Developed country microgrids Backup for unreliable grids

Village Power Fuel Savings Reduced Emissions Access

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Developing Country On- Grid

Microgrid Value Propositions

2334 Broadway, Suite B, Boulder, Co. 80304 www.homerenergy.com 1-720-565-4046

Fuel Savings Reduced Emissions Reliability

Emergency Services Military Bases Renewable Energy Grid Integration Campuses without CHP Ecotourism

Campuses with CHP

Forward Operating Bases Developing Country Off- Grid Islands Mines

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Clean Power Evolution

  • Large utilities

– Security obstacles – Regulatory obstacles

  • Smaller systems

– Liquid fuels from oil – High renewable penetrations

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The Minigrid Gap

Products

Single user No grid or meter

Financeable Projects

Solar lanterns Island power Solar home systems Village power Wind farms & Solar Parks

2334 Broadway, Suite B, Boulder, Co. 80304 www.homerenergy.com 1-720-565-4046

Programs

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Taxonomy

Size Customer Tariff Finance Subsidy Distribution model Lanterns <10 watts End-user No No No Product SHS 10-300 watts End-user No Micro Loan terms Almost a product Village Power 300 watt – 300 kW Govt.?? Yes ??? ??? Program Island Grids 300 kW – 3 MWs Utility Yes ??? Reduce development risk Almost a project Wind farms Solar Parks >3 MWs Utility Yes Project Finance FITs & RPS Project

2334 Broadway, Suite B, Boulder, Co. 80304 www.homerenergy.com 1-720-565-4046

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Early project development steps are the risky ones

2334 Broadway, Suite B, Boulder, Co. 80304 www.homerenergy.com 1-720-565-4046

Project identification & screening Partner identification & screening Conceptual design & prefeasibility analysis Stakeholder engagement

Permissions, Contracts

Financing Detailed Engineering Procurement & construction Commissioning & operation

HOMER’s role

Later stages

  • Governments’ role
  • Capacity building
  • Resource assessment
  • Standardizing permits & contracts
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Conclusion

  • Enormous potential for mini-grids
  • Small, isolated diesel grids will demonstrate high

penetration renewables first

  • Larger mini-grids need more efficient project development

process

  • Smaller mini-grids need more packaged products
  • Governments’ role
  • Capacity building:
  • Analytical tools
  • Legal & financial requirements
  • Resource assessment
  • Standardizing permits & contracts

www.homerenergy.com