How GAIA asteroids can improve planetary ephemerides ? A. Fienga 1 , - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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How GAIA asteroids can improve planetary ephemerides ? A. Fienga 1 , - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Apr 07, 2024 249 likes •489 views

GREAT-SSO: Solar System science before and after Gaia tugraz How GAIA asteroids can improve planetary ephemerides ? A. Fienga 1 , 2 1 Institut UTINAM, Universit e de Franche-Comt e, France 2 IMCCE, Observatoire de Paris, France A. Fienga

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GREAT-SSO: Solar System science before and after Gaia

How GAIA asteroids can improve planetary ephemerides ?

  • A. Fienga1,2

1Institut UTINAM, Universit´

e de Franche-Comt´ e, France

2IMCCE, Observatoire de Paris, France

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GREAT-SSO: Solar System science before and after Gaia

Outline

Overview of the planetary ephemerides INPOP and the asteroids Use of GAIA asteroid observations to improve Jupiter orbit

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GREAT-SSO: Solar System science before and after Gaia

JPL DE/IAA EMP/INPOP Direct numerical integration of equations of motion 9 planets + Moon + asteroids, GR, J2 Sun, TDB/TCB Fitted to observations Fit of asteroid masses and densities INPOP: www.imcce.fr/inpop Numerical integration with extended precision 80b Earth and Moon Rotations INPOP(TCB) for GAIA and INPOP(TDB) from IAU 2006 INPOP10a (Fienga et al. 2011), INPOP06 (Fienga et al. 2008), INPOP08 (Fienga

et al. 2009),

Tests of fundamental physics / Use for paleoclimats

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GREAT-SSO: Solar System science before and after Gaia

Overview of the planetary ephemerides

JPL DE, EPM, INPOP Same modelling expect for the asteroids rely mainly on (Mars) spacecraft data Lack of Jupiter good

  • bservations

Cassini: good constraints on Saturn

INPOP10a

Impact in the fit in %

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 Viking MGS MEX Stellar occultations Optical Flybys VLBI VEX Passive range M e r c u r y V e n u s M a r s J u p i t e r S a t u r n e U r a n u s N e p t u n e P l u t

  • 1 Poor accuracy of the Jupiter orbit

2 Crucial role of the asteroids

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GREAT-SSO: Solar System science before and after Gaia

Overview of the planetary ephemerides

JPL DE, EPM, INPOP Same modelling expect for the asteroids rely mainly on (Mars) spacecraft data Lack of Jupiter good

  • bservations

Cassini: good constraints on Saturn

INPOP10a

Impact in the fit in %

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 Viking MGS MEX Stellar occultations Optical Flybys VLBI VEX Passive range M e r c u r y V e n u s M a r s J u p i t e r S a t u r n e U r a n u s N e p t u n e P l u t

  • 1 Poor accuracy of the Jupiter orbit

2 Crucial role of the asteroids

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GREAT-SSO: Solar System science before and after Gaia

Internal accuracies of planetary ephemerides

1900 1940 1980 2020 −10 −5

INPOP10A−DE421

date [mas] 1900 1940 1980 2020 −30 −10 10 30 date [mas] 1900 1940 1980 2020 −2 −1 1 2 date 1900 1940 1980 2020 −100 100 300

INPOP10A−INPOP08

date Longitude [mas] 1900 1940 1980 2020 −200 100 200 date Latitude [mas] 1900 1940 1980 2020 −200 100 300 date distance [km] 1900 1940 1980 2020 −20 −10 10

INPOP10A−INPOP06

date Longitude [mas] 1900 1940 1980 2020 −10 −5 5 10 date Latitude [mas] 1900 1940 1980 2020 −15 −5 5 10 date distance [km]

 

G e

  • c

e n t r i c d i s t a n c e [ k m ]

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GREAT-SSO: Solar System science before and after Gaia

Planets Umin Umax α δ ρ α δ ρ mas mas km mas mas km Mercury 5 6 1.5 9 4 1.5 Venus 8 3 0.4 8 6 1.0 Mars* 40 15 10 75 30 15 Jupiter 20 30 15 400 200 300 Saturne 0.8 0.4 3 40 60 100 Uranus 300 120 1200 220 100 1500 Neptune 400 100 3500 160 150 5000 Pluto 3000 1000 80000 6000 2000 140000 long lat ρ long lat ρ Earth 3 1.5 0.04 6 3 0.10

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GREAT-SSO: Solar System science before and after Gaia

INPOP and the asteroids

Asteroids are highly important in planetary ephemerides for: Mars with more than 30 years of very accurate (< 5 meters) spacecraft tracking global fit for all the planets: more than 35 % are Mars data INPOP10a (Fienga et al. 2011) 24635 asteroid orbits (astorb database) integrated in INPOP planets ↔ asteroids, asteroids ↔ asteroids, EIH Kuchynka et al. 2010: List of the most probable perturbers of inner planets (287) + ring Mass estimations with BVLS algorithm Study of correlations

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GREAT-SSO: Solar System science before and after Gaia

INPOP and the asteroids

Asteroids are highly important in planetary ephemerides for: Mars with more than 30 years of very accurate (< 5 meters) spacecraft tracking global fit for all the planets: more than 35 % are Mars data INPOP10a (Fienga et al. 2011) 24635 asteroid orbits (astorb database) integrated in INPOP planets ↔ asteroids, asteroids ↔ asteroids, EIH Kuchynka et al. 2010: List of the most probable perturbers of inner planets (287) + ring Mass estimations with BVLS algorithm Study of correlations

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GREAT-SSO: Solar System science before and after Gaia

INPOP10a (Fienga et al. 2011) List of the most probable perturbers + ring (Kuchynka et al. 2010) Mass estimations with BVLS algorithm Study of correlations → Fixed masses (15)

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GREAT-SSO: Solar System science before and after Gaia

INPOP and the asteroids

Uncertainties of ≈ 10% on the 3 Big mass determinations

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GREAT-SSO: Solar System science before and after Gaia

INPOP and the asteroids

  • INPOP10a

Other K11 INPOP08 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 804 Hispania 216 Kleopatra 21 Lutetia 65 Cybele 107 Camilla 130 Elektra 16 Psyche 52 Europa 511 Davida 41 Daphne 8 Flora 747 Winchester 139 Juewa 11 Parthenope 6 Hebe 15 Eunomia 24 Themis 29 Amphitrite 7 Iris 532 Herculina 704 Interamnia 3 Juno 324 Bamberga 2 m 3 m 5 m 5 m 5 m 7 m 10 m 10 m 10 m 12 m 13 m 16 m 17 m 17 m 21 m 22 m 26 m 27 m 28 m 33 m 34 m 56 m 94 m Density [g.cm^−3]

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GREAT-SSO: Solar System science before and after Gaia

How GAIA can help ?

GAIA asteroid mass determinations great improvement in the masses for the biggest improvement for the mass determinations with INPOP Satellites small Jovian satellites Neptune and Uranus satellites Satellites are not yet implemented in INPOP Asteroid orbits 24635 asteroids already implemented in INPOP Big picture: mass + orbit + planets

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GREAT-SSO: Solar System science before and after Gaia

How GAIA can help ?

GAIA asteroid mass determinations great improvement in the masses for the biggest improvement for the mass determinations with INPOP Satellites small Jovian satellites Neptune and Uranus satellites Satellites are not yet implemented in INPOP Asteroid orbits 24635 asteroids already implemented in INPOP Big picture: mass + orbit + planets

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GREAT-SSO: Solar System science before and after Gaia

How GAIA can help ?

GAIA asteroid mass determinations great improvement in the masses for the biggest improvement for the mass determinations with INPOP Satellites small Jovian satellites Neptune and Uranus satellites Satellites are not yet implemented in INPOP Asteroid orbits 24635 asteroids already implemented in INPOP Big picture: mass + orbit + planets

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GREAT-SSO: Solar System science before and after Gaia

Do GAIA asteroid observations can give better informations on Jupiter orbit compared to the present accuracy of Jupiter observations ?

Present observation accuracy over 6 years VLBI Galileo observations + Flybys normal points ≈ 10 mas in geocentric (α,δ) and 2 km in geocentric distances ≈ 8 mas in barycentric longitudes and latitudes impact on the Jupiter orbit over 6 years 10−9 AU for a 10−8 for the angles 10−7 for e

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GREAT-SSO: Solar System science before and after Gaia

questions: What are the impacts of such uncertainties on asteroid orbits ? Are they observable at the level of accuracy of the GAIA

  • bservations ?

method Integrate asteroid orbit with different Jupiter orbits Fit of the asteroid orbit to a reference orbit Measurement of the differences in barycentric longitudes and latitudes of the asteroid 3 cases 1 of the 3 Bigs: 4 Vesta an asteroid with a close approach with Jupiter: 86 Semele a Troyen: 588 Achilles

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GREAT-SSO: Solar System science before and after Gaia

Exploring the ellipsoid of Jupiter orbit uncertainties

For one specific set of variations of Jupiter IC inducing (δλ, δ b)=(17,5) mas

  • 1

2 3 4 5 6 −20 20 40 60

Impact on Longitudes

t−t0 [yr] Differences in Longitudes [microseconds]

  • 1

2 3 4 5 6 −20 20 40 60

  • 1

2 3 4 5 6 −20 20 40 60

  • 4 Vesta

86 Semele 588 Achilles

  • 1

2 3 4 5 6 −20 20 40 60

Impact on Latitudes

t−t0 [yr] Differences in Latitudes [microseconds]

  • 1

2 3 4 5 6 −20 20 40 60

  • 1

2 3 4 5 6 −20 20 40 60

  • 4 Vesta

86 Semele 588 Achilles

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GREAT-SSO: Solar System science before and after Gaia

For various sets of variations of Jupiter IC inducing (δλ, δ b) up to 6 mas

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GREAT-SSO: Solar System science before and after Gaia

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GREAT-SSO: Solar System science before and after Gaia

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GREAT-SSO: Solar System science before and after Gaia

Preliminary Conclusions

On these 3 cases: GAIA asteroid orbits would not be sensitive to small discrepancies (< 6 mas) of the Jupiter orbit But what about looking for specific close approaches ? what about other planets ? Mars, Earth with NEO, Neptune with TNO ? Next steps Make a selection of the most perturbed asteroids in order to

  • ptimize the results

Make the modelling more realistic !

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GREAT-SSO: Solar System science before and after Gaia

The end

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