Himawari-8 current applications and future development Hiroshi - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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himawari 8 current applications and future development
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Himawari-8 current applications and future development Hiroshi - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Nov 19, 2023 540 likes •904 views

WSN16@CUHK Himawari-8 current applications and future development Hiroshi SUZUE and Yasuhiko SUMIDA Meteorological Satellite Center Japan Meteorological Agency MSC/ JMA Outline Overview of Himawari-8/ 9 AHI and its products Improved

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SLIDE 1

Himawari-8 current applications and future development

Hiroshi SUZUE and Yasuhiko SUMIDA

WSN16@CUHK

Meteorological Satellite Center Japan Meteorological Agency

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SLIDE 2

MSC/ JMA

  • Overview of Himawari-8/ 9 AHI and its products

 Improved Resolutions  Advantages of High Observation Frequency  Operational Products developed at MSC/JMA

  • Detection of Rapidly Developing Cumulus Area

(RDCA)  Algorithm  Case Studies

  • Future Plans
  • Summary

Outline

2

27 July 2016

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SLIDE 3

MSC/ JMA

  • Overview of Himawari-8/ 9 and their products

 Improved Resolutions  Advantages of High Observation Frequency  Operational Products developed at MSC/JMA

  • Detection of Rapidly Developing Cumulus Area

 Algorithm  Case Studies

  • Future Plans
  • Summary

Outline

3

27 July 2016

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SLIDE 4

27 July 2016

4

Himawari-8 began operation at 02:00 UTC on 7th July 2015.

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SLIDE 5

MSC/ JMA

Outline of Himawari-8/9

Geostationary position Around 140.7°E Attitude control 3-axis attitude-controlled geostationary satellite Communication 1) Raw observation data transmission Ka-band, 18.1 - 18.4 GHz (downlink) 2) DCS International channel 402.0 - 402.1 MHz (uplink) Domestic channel 402.1 - 402.4 MHz (uplink) Transmission to ground segments Ka-band, 18.1 - 18.4 GHz (downlink) 3) Telemetry and command Ku-band, 12.2 - 12.75 GHz (downlink) 13.75 - 14.5 GHz (uplink) solar panel communication antennas Advanced Himawari Imager (AHI)

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029

MTSAT-1R MTSAT-2 Himaw mawari-8 Himaw mawari-9

standby manufacture manufacture

a package purchase

launch standby launch

  • peration
  • peration
  • peration

standby

  • peration

standby standby standby

Himawari-8 began operation on 7 July 2015, replacing the previous MTSAT-2 operational satellite

27 July 2016

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SLIDE 6

MSC/ JMA

Improved Resolutions

6

VIS 1 km IR 4 km

Spectral Tem poral

G B R

VIS 0.5/1 km IR 2 km 5 bands 16 bands

10 bands 3 bands 3 bands

IR

4 bands

NIR

1 band

VIS

Spatial

MTSAT-1 R/ 2 Him aw ari-8 / 9

At sub-satellite point

MTSAT-1 R/ 2 Him aw ari-8 / 9

VIS IR

full-disk

  • bs.

Observation Frequency

MTSAT-1 R/ 2 Him aw ari-8 / 9

27 July 2016

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SLIDE 7

MSC/ JMA

Spectral Bands

7 Band Spatial Resolution Central W avelength Physical Properties 1 Visible 1 km 0.47 μm

vegetation, aerosol

2 0.51 μm

vegetation, aerosol

3 0.5 km 0.64 μm

low cloud, fog

4 Near Infrared 1 km 0.86 μm

vegetation, aerosol

5 2 km 1.6 μm

cloud phase

6 2.3 μm

particle size

7 Infrared 2 km 3.9 μm

low cloud, fog, forest fire

8 6.2 μm

mid- and upper-level moisture

9 6.9 μm

mid-level moisture

1 0 7.3 μm

mid- and lower-level moisture

1 1 8.6 μm

cloud phase, SO2

1 2 9.6 μm

  • zone content

1 3 10.4 μm

cloud imagery, information of cloud top

1 4 11.2 μm

cloud imagery, sea surface temperature

1 5 12.4 μm

cloud imagery, sea surface temperature

1 6 13.3 μm

cloud top height

cf. MTSAT-2 Bands VIS

0.68 μm

IR4

3.7 μm

IR3

6.8 μm

IR1

10.8 μm

IR2

12.0 μm

Him aw ari-8 / 9 I m ager ( AHI )

3 Visible Bands Addition of NIR Bands Increase of WV Bands Increase of TIR Bands

27 July 2016

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SLIDE 8

MSC/ JMA

Full-disk observation (10 min.)

Full-disk

More Flexible Regional Observation

8

  • Several types of regional observations can be performed

during 10 minutes of full-disk observation.

Observation Interval

10 min. Region 1 (NE Japan) Region 2 (SW Japan) 2.5 min. 2.5 min. Region 3 (Target) 2.5 min. Region 4,5 (Landmark) 0.5 min.

27 July 2016

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SLIDE 9

MSC/ JMA

Visible band True Color RGB

Japan & Vicinity Obs. Full Disk Obs. Targeted Area obs.

July 9-10, 2015

Observation modes and intervals

9

Visible band

2.5 min. 2.5 min. 10 min.

27 July 2016

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SLIDE 10

MSC/ JMA

Himawari-8 Level-2/3 Products

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SLIDE 11

MSC/ JMA

Fundamental Cloud Product

25,400 [m] Ice Water Mixed Opaque Fractional Semi- transparent

  • Basically referring to the NWC-SAF’s ATBDs for MSG/ SEVIRI
  • Adapted to AHI by JMA (in-house codes at JMA)
  • For other AHI Level-2/ 3 products developed at MSC/ JMA

Derived parameters Cloud Mask, Cloud Phase/Type, Cloud Top Height (Including Top Press. and Top Temp.) Projection Normalized Geostationary Projection (same as HSD) Spatial resolution 2km@SSP (same as HSD for infrared bands) Temporal resolution Hourly

Cloud Mask Cloud Phase Cloud Type Cloud Top Height

27 July 2016

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SLIDE 12

MSC/ JMA

High-resolution Cloud Analysis Information(HCAI)

  • Produced from FCP via projection conversion
  • Reproduced Cloud Type for cloud monitoring
  • Provided to foreign NMHSs as well as domestic users

Derived parameters Cloud Mask, Cloud Type, Cloud Top Height, Snow Ice Mask Projection Lon/Lat grid Spatial resolution 0.02 degree x 0.02 degree Temporal resolution Hourly

Cloud Mask Cloud Type Cloud Top Height Snow Ice Mask

12

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SLIDE 13

MSC/ JMA

Clear Sky Radiances (CSRs)

  • Area averaged clear sky radiance and brightness temperature
  • Provided to NWP users
  • Specifications:
  • All IR bands (3.9, 6.2, 6.9, 7.3, 8.6, 9.6, 10.4, 11.2, 12.4, 13.3 μm)
  • Full disk, Hourly produced
  • Spatial resolution (size of area for averaging): 16 x 16 pixel (IR)

(32 x 32 km @SSP)

0300 UTC 20 April 2015 Band #8 (6.2 um) Band #9 (6.9 um) Band #10 (7.3 um)

[K]

27 July 2016

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MSC/ JMA

Atmospheric Motion Vectors (AMVs)

Colder color : upper level wind Warmer color : lower level wind Resolution 2km/10min. Resolution 4km/30min. Resolution 4km/60min.

  • A new algorithm was developed for AMVs detection based on an
  • ptimal estimation method
  • Provided to NWP users

MTSAT-2 AMVs (QI > 60) Himawari-8 AMVs (QI > 60) 1700 UTC 14 Jan. 2015

27 July 2016

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SLIDE 15

MSC/ JMA

2016 HIMAWARI-9 2014 HIMAWARI-8

Himaw awari ari-8 I Ima mage gery Co Conv nvective Clo Cloud Inform format ation JM JMA’s W Wea eather R Rad adar S Syste tem JM JMA’s L Lightn tning D Dete etecti tion N Netw etwork（LIDEN EN）

Detection of Rapidly Developing Cumulus Area

▲:Cloud d - Clo Cloud ×:Cloud d - Ground

Cb Cb Cloud uds Rapi pidl dly De Devel velop

  • ped

ed Unknown

  • wn
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SLIDE 16

MSC/ JMA

  • Overview of Himawari-8/ 9 and their products

 Improved Resolutions  Advantages of High Observation Frequency  Operational Products developed at MSC/JMA

  • Detection of Rapidly Developing Cumulus Area

 Algorithm  Case Studies

  • Future Plans
  • Summary

Outline

16

27 July 2016

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SLIDE 17

MSC/ JMA

Developing Cumulus and Radar Echo

時間(分) 0分 10分 15分 20分 25分 30分

積乱雲の発達(模式図)

高度 5km 10km 気象レーダー 探知可能強雨域

Prepare for thunderstorm!

If we can detect cumulus that is growing rapidly, we get to know thunderstorm coming earlier than the radar !

3min 3min

Developing of Cumulus (model)

←heavy rain area

  • f Met. Radar

height 0 min 10 min 15 min 20 min 25 min 30 min time Chisholm, A. J. and Renick, J. H. (1972) [traced and added]

27 July 2016

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MSC/ JMA

RDCA Product

Cumulonimbus Rapidly Developing Cumulus Mid/Low cloud unknown Convective Cloud Information

27 July 2016

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MSC/ JMA

Rapidly Developing Cumulus Area (RDCA)

 Developing cumulous  Current/Future disturbance is expected

Cumulonimbus Area

 A round top, except for anvil cirrus  Strong upward flow is expected

Mid/Low Cloud Unknown Area

 Anvil cirrus  Anvil cirrus hides clouds below ？ Cumulonimbus Area Rapidly Developing Cumulus Area Mid/Low cloud unknown Area

RDCA Product

27 July 2016

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MSC/ JMA

Concept of RDCA Detection

After 5 min. Cloud top adjacent Cloud Height

Developing cumulus →

  • Cloud top is higher

Brightness temperature is getting low.

  • Roughness of cloud top increases

Contrast between light and dark is getting clear.

  • Cloud microphysical parameters change

Ice particles are produced near cloud top

e.g. Difference of reflective intensity is increasing in visible image.

27 July 2016

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MSC/ JMA

            + − + =

∑

i i ix

a a p exp 1 1

RDCA : Decision Process

Detec ection

  • n

paramet eter ers Coefficients ai are determined by the logi gist stic regr gress ession

  • n m

model when lightning occurs within 60 minutes after observed variable xi . Probability ility （forec

  • recast）

p

lightning obs. [num/area ]

(13. Jul. 2011 )

develop lopin ing

=> High “P” area is decided as RDCA

The correlation between lightning and regression “p”

Logistic Regression Model

Three c ee cla lass p parameters; ○:<25 250K 0K, ○:250~2 250~273 73.15 15K, ○:>273 >273.15 15K Actual Probability Predicted Probability 21

27 July 2016

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MSC/ JMA

Detection Parameter Main Objective B03(0.64μm):Max-Ave.*2 Cloud Top Roughness Detection B03:Standad Deviation*2 B13(10.4μm):Min.-Ave. B13:Standard Deviation B16(13.3μm)-B13 Ice Cloud Detection B08(6.2μm)-B13 B15(12.4μm)-B13 B11(8.6μm)-B13 B10(7.3μm)-B08 Water Vapor Detection above Cloud Top Temporal Variation of B03 Average Value*2 Developing Cloud Detection Temporal Variation of B13 Average Value Temporal Variation of B11-B13 Average Value Developing Ice Particle Detection Temporal Variation of B15-B13 Average Value

  • RDCA detection parameters

New New Only day time Only day time One Scene Parameters Time Change Parameters

27 July 2016

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MSC/ JMA

Band03 max - ave Band03 SD Band15 – Band13 Band10 – Band08 Band13 mean T diff Band15 - Band13 T diff

Cloud Top Roughness Detection Ice Cloud Detection Developing Cloud Detection Developing Ice Particle Detection Upper Water Vapor Detection Histogram：Dashed line (right axis)

Blue： ~ 250K, Green een：250K ~ 273.15K, Red：273.15K ~

  • Sensitivity assessment of each parameter in the day time

Probability of lightning：Point（left axis）

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MSC/ JMA

Band13 min – ave. Band13 SD Band15 – Band13 Band10 – Band08 Band13 mean T diff Band15 - Band13 T diff

  • Sensitivity assessment of each parameter in the night time

Cloud Top Roughness Detection Ice Cloud Detection Developing Cloud Detection Developing Ice Particle Detection Upper Water Vapor Detection Histogram：Dashed line (right axis) Probability of lightning：Point（left axis）

Blue： ~ 250K, Green een：250K ~ 273.15K, Red：273.15K ~

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SLIDE 25

MSC/ JMA

Lightning Detection

  • Early detection of convective cloud with lightning

→ RDCA product can detect developing cumulus earlier than a radar echo. On 4 Aug. 2015

02：30 02：50 03：20

RDCA Detection Radar Echo Detection

27 July 2016

Case Study (1)

Cloud-to-cloud lightning Ground-to-cloud lightning

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SLIDE 26

MSC/ JMA

Cloud-to-cloud lightning Ground-to-cloud lightning

A B A B

  • The isolated Cb cloud can be detected with high

accuracy by RDCA product (A : heat lightning area)

  • The detection accuracy is low for middle or high

clouds that shield low clouds (B : typhoon area) On 8 Aug. 2015

27 July 2016

Case Study (2)

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SLIDE 27

MSC/ JMA

  • False detection due to passing upper clouds

→ Brightness temperature seems to decrease rapidly because upper clouds pass over lower clouds

01：30 01：00 00：30 00：00

On 6 June 2016

27 July 2016

Case Study (3)

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SLIDE 28

MSC/ JMA

09：30 09：00

  • Decrease in the number of the RDCA detection at

night → Detection parameters of visible band are not used at night

10：30

On 6 Aug. 2015

27 July 2016

Case Study (4)

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SLIDE 29

MSC/ JMA

  • Overview of Himawari-8/ 9 and their products

 Improved Resolutions  Advantages of High Observation Frequency  Operational Products developed at MSC/JMA

  • Detection of Rapidly Developing Cumulus Area

 Algorithm  Case Studies

  • Future Plans
  • Summary

Outline

29

27 July 2016

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SLIDE 30

MSC/ JMA

Future Plan

Sample le A Animatio ion

  • Domain extension of the RDCA product using Himawari-8/ AHI Full Disk
  • bservation data for safety and air traffic control over Asia and Western

Pacific regions Sample of extended domain RDCA product

27 July 2016

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SLIDE 31

MSC/ JMA

Future Plan

  • Improvement of the RDCA detection algorithm (e.g. cloud tracking)

Sample le A Animatio ion Sample of cloud object tracking

27 July 2016

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SLIDE 32

MSC/ JMA

  • Overview of Himawari-8/ 9 and their products

 Improved Resolutions  Advantages of High Observation Frequency  Operational Products developed at MSC/JMA

  • Detection of Rapidly Developing Cumulus Area

 Algorithm  Case Study

  • Future Plans
  • Summary

Outline

32

27 July 2016

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SLIDE 33

MSC/ JMA

Summary

33

  • Improved Observation Function by Himawari-8/ AHI

 High-resolution and high-frequency observation using multiple bands enables to capture server weather phenomena  Many products have been developed using AHI observation data

  • Detection of Rapidly Developing Cumulus Area

 Statistical method is used for rapidly developing cumulus detection  RDCA product has been operational all day using multiple observation bands data

  • Future Plans

 Domain extension of the RDCA product  Improvement of the RDCA detection algorithm

27 July 2016

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SLIDE 34

MSC/ JMA

Th Thank you

  • u fo

for your ur kind ind attent ention

JMA mascot character “Harerun”

27 July 2016

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