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E-waste valorization by recovering valuable metals with microorganisms HERAKLION2019 7th International Conference on Sustainable Solid Waste Management E. Benzal, A. Cano, M. Sol, C. Lao, X. Gamisans, A.D. Dorado www.biometallum.com 7th

SLIDE 1 7th International Conference on Sustainable Solid Waste Management

E-waste valorization by recovering valuable metals with microorganisms

E. Benzal, A. Cano, M. Solé, C. Lao, X.

Gamisans, A.D. Dorado www.biometallum.com

HERAKLION2019

7th International Conference on Sustainable Solid Waste Management

SLIDE 2

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A biotechnological process For electronic waste managers and related companies, that allows to recover metals from obsolete electronic devices with greater value than the price obtained for the waste, not as the conventional processes that need to be centralized with large volumes, high energy consumption and environmental impact.

SLIDE 3

THE PROBLEM

3-5% annua l 3-5% annua l 11% R 11% R

30% plastic 30% plastic 30% refractory 30% refractory 40% metals 40% metals

SLIDE 4

THE SOLUTION

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10- 20% Cu 10- 20% Cu 0,3- 5% Cu 0,3- 5% Cu T=30ºC No R T=30ºC No R T=1200 ºC R ↑ T=1200 ºC R ↑

SLIDE 5

Mobile phone composition

7th International Conference on Sustainable Solid Waste Management Conclusions and Future work Results and discussion Materials and methods Introduction 3

E-waste valorisation by recovering valuable metals with microorganisms

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Bioleaching E-waste valorisation by recovering valuable metals with microorganisms

Conclusions and Future work Results and discussion Materials and methods Introduction 8 7th International Conference on Sustainable Solid Waste Management Iron oxidation by microorganism s Cementation of bioleached Cu

O2 Fe2

H+ H2O Fe3

Fe3

Cu Fe2

Cu2

Fe2

Cu solubilisation from PCB

SLIDE 7

Investigation of electronic waste bioleaching E-waste valorisation by recovering valuable metals with microorganisms

Conclusions and Future work Results and discussion Materials and methods Introduction 11 7th International Conference on Sustainable Solid Waste Management

Flask Flask Lab scale Lab scale Pilot plant Pilot plant

SLIDE 8

Bioleaching process E-waste valorisation by recovering valuable metals with microorganisms

Conclusions and Future work Results and discussion Materials and methods Introduction 9 7th International Conference on Sustainable Solid Waste Management

1 step 2 steps

Ac. ferrooxidans Biological reaction Chemical reaction

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Toxicity tests E-waste valorisation by recovering valuable metals with microorganisms

Conclusions and Future work Results and discussion Materials and methods Introduction 13 7th International Conference on Sustainable Solid Waste Management 1000 2000 3000 20 40 60 80 100 Abiotic Day 0 Day 5 Time (s) O x y g e n s a tu ra tio n (% )

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Toxicity assays by microrespirometries

Conclusions and Future work Results and discussion Materials and methods Introduction 15

Nickel

4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 20 40 60 80 100 0.0005M 0.05M 0.1M 0.3M 1M 1.5M Time (h) % R e la t iv e lo s s o f a c t iv it y

E-waste valorisation by recovering valuable metals with microorganisms

7th International Conference on Sustainable Solid Waste Management

SLIDE 11

Toxicity assays by microrespirometries

Conclusions and Future work Results and discussion Materials and methods Introduction 16

Aluminium

4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 20 40 60 80 100 0.001M 0.05M 0.1M 0.2M 0.35M 0.5M Time (h) % R e l a t iv e l o s s o f a c t iv i t y

E-waste valorisation by recovering valuable metals with microorganisms

7th International Conference on Sustainable Solid Waste Management

SLIDE 12

Toxicity assays by microrespirometries

Conclusions and Future work Results and discussion Materials and methods Introduction 14 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 20 40 60 80 100 0.01M 0.05M 0.6M 0.8M 1.0M 1.2M Time (h) % R e l a t i v e l o s s o f a c t i v i t y

Copper

E-waste valorisation by recovering valuable metals with microorganisms

7th International Conference on Sustainable Solid Waste Management

SLIDE 13

Toxicity assays by microrespirometries

Conclusions and Future work Results and discussion Materials and methods Introduction 17

Metal’s comparison

4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 20 40 60 80 100 Ni - Bioleaching concentration Ni - Natural tolerance Ni - Limit tolerance Cu - Bioleaching concentration Cu - Natural tolerance Cu - Limit tolerance Al - Bioleaching concentration Al - Natural concentration Time (h) % R e la tiv e lo s s o f a c tiv ity

E-waste valorisation by recovering valuable metals with microorganisms

7th International Conference on Sustainable Solid Waste Management

SLIDE 14

Toxicity assays by microrespirometries

Conclusions and Future work Results and discussion Materials and methods Introduction 17

Metal’s comparison

4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 20 40 60 80 100 Ni - Natural tolerance Cu - Natural tolerance Al - Natural concentration Time (h) % R e la tiv e lo s s o f a c tiv ity

E-waste valorisation by recovering valuable metals with microorganisms

7th International Conference on Sustainable Solid Waste Management

SLIDE 15

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SLIDE 16

Bioleaching pilot plant

Conclusions and Future work Results and discussion Materials and methods Introduction 19

E-waste valorisation by recovering valuable metals with microorganisms

7th International Conference on Sustainable Solid Waste Management

SLIDE 17

Copper recovery in batch and column reactors

Conclusions and Future work Results and discussion Materials and methods Introduction 18

1 2 3 4 5 6 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Batch Column Column in 3 cycles Time (h) % Copper recovery

E-waste valorisation by recovering valuable metals with microorganisms

7th International Conference on Sustainable Solid Waste Management

SLIDE 18

Bioleaching process to recover copper from the electronic

scrap is efgective, verifying the proof of concept.

Column reactor improve the metal extraction effjciency.
Automatic and continuous operation makes possible to

recover 85% in less than 6 hours.

Ni, Al and Cu afgect biological activity, depending on the

concentration as well as the time contact.

Bioleaching of electronic waste

Conclusions and Future work Results and discussion Materials and methods Introduction 20

E-waste valorisation by recovering valuable metals with microorganisms

7th International Conference on Sustainable Solid Waste Management

SLIDE 19

Aknowledgments

Conclusions and Future work Results and discussion Materials and methods Introduction

This project has been co-fjnanced by the European Union through the European Regional Development Fund:

E-waste valorisation by recovering valuable metals with microorganisms

7th International Conference on Sustainable Solid Waste Management

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www.biometallum.com @toni_dorado

7th International Conference on Sustainable Solid Waste Management Laia Rosell Ivan Galera