Groups At Risk in Pursuit of Higher Education Nicole Smith - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

▶
groups at risk in pursuit of higher education
SMART_READER_LITE
LIVE PREVIEW

Groups At Risk in Pursuit of Higher Education Nicole Smith - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Aug 18, 2023 445 likes •576 views

Groups At Risk in Pursuit of Higher Education Nicole Smith November 28, 2016 No Board endorsement of any person or entity African Americans And Hispanics Too Often Take Separate Paths through Postsecondary Education from Whites Between 1995

slide-1
SLIDE 1

Groups At Risk in Pursuit of Higher Education

Nicole Smith

November 28, 2016

No Board endorsement of any person or entity

slide-2
SLIDE 2

African Americans And Hispanics Too Often Take Separate Paths through Postsecondary Education from Whites

Between 1995 and 2009, 82 percent of new white freshman enrollments were at the 468 most selective four-year colleges, compared to 13 percent for Hispanics and 9 percent for African Americans; 68 percent of new African-

American freshman enrollments and 72

percent of new Hispanic freshman enrollments were at open-access two- and four-year colleges, compared to no growth for whites.

No Board endorsement of any person or entity

slide-3
SLIDE 3

Young socioeconomically disadvantaged working learners are less likely to enroll in selective 4-year institutions, and more likely to enroll in 2-year (or less) schools

Source: Georgetown University Center on Education and the Workforce analysis of National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS), 2012.

No Board endorsement of any person or entity

slide-4
SLIDE 4

These Separate Paths Lead to Unequal Outcomes

No Board endorsement of any person or entity

slide-5
SLIDE 5 Source: Georgetown University Center on Education and the Workforce, Hispanics: Earnings and Majors, 2016.

No Board endorsement of any person or entity

M ajors play a larger role in determining earnings t han the decision to go to college.

The difference between the life- time wages of college and high school graduates is $1 million; the difference between the highest- and lowest-paying college majors is $ 3 .4 million. Lifetime wage premium (in millions of 2013$)
slide-6
SLIDE 6

African Americans are Over-represented in Lower-Paying Majors

No Board endorsement of any person or entity

Majors with the highest median earnings for African Americans Majors with the lowest median earnings for African Americans $66,206 Architecture and Engineering $61,998 Computers, S tatistics, and Mathematics $61,868 Health $51,861 Business $42,107 Industrial Arts, Consumer S ervices, and Recreation $42,107 Psychology and Social Work $43,034 Arts B achelor's d e g re e holders refer to adults between the ages
  • f
2 1 and 59 with a B ac helor's deg ree but no g raduate deg
  • ree. E
arnings data are reported for workers employed full-time, full-year. S
  • urce:
G eorg etown Univers ity C enter
  • n
E duc ation and the Workforce analys is
  • f
U.S. Census Bureau, American Community S urvey microdata, 2010-2014. Concent r at ions of Af r ican Am er ican Bachelor's degr ee holders am o n g m ajor gr oupings. M aj o r Gr o u p Per cen t age Af r i can Am e r i can ( %) Law and Public Policy 15 Psychology and S
  • cial Work
12 Health 10 Business 9 S
  • cial S
ciences 9 C
  • mputers, S
tatistics, and Mathematics 9 C
  • mmunications and J
  • urnalism
8 Physical S ciences 8 Biology and Life S ciences 7 Industrial Arts, C
  • nsumer S
ervices, and R ecreation 7 E ducation 7 Humanities and Liberal Arts 6 Architecture and Engineering 5 Arts 5 Agriculture and Natural R esources 3 Bachelor's degree holders refer to adults between the ages of 21 and 59 with a bachelor's degree but no graduate degree. Earnings data are reported for workers employed full-time, full-year. S
  • urce: Georgetown University C
enter on E ducation and the Workforce analysis of U.S. Census Bureau, American Community S urvey microdata, 2010-2014.
slide-7
SLIDE 7

Hispanics Too Often Choose Majors That Lead to Lower Earnings

Source: Georgetown University Center on Education and the Workforce analysis of U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey data, 2009-2013. .

No Board endorsement of any person or entity

C o n c e n t r a t i o n s o f H i s p a n i c B a c h e l o r ' s d e g r e e h o l d e r s a m o n g m a j o r g r o u p i n g s : 11.2% La w a n d Public Polic y 9.5% Psychology and Social Work 8.7% Arc hit e c t ure a n d E n g i n e e r i n g 8.3% Educ a t ion 7.8% Busine ss 7.4% C o m p u t e r s , Statistics, a n d M a t h e m a t i c s 6.5% Health M aj or s play a lar ge par t in ear nings, w i t h salaries in STEM f ields o f t en 60 p er cen t m o r e t h an t h e m ed i an ear n i n gs in Ed u cat i o n an d Liber al Ar t s an d Hu m an i t i es. Occu p a t i o n s w i t h t h e h i g h e st m e d i a n e a r n i n gs f o r Hi sp an i cs, by m a j o r Occu p a t i o n s w i t h t he low est m e d i a n e a r n in gs f or Hisp a n ics, by m ajor $62,000 Architecture and Engineering $61,000 Comput ers, Statistics, and M athematics $58,000 Health $52,000 Business $43,000 Educat ion $43,000 Psychology and Social Work $45,000 Arts
slide-8
SLIDE 8

Poorly-informed Postsecondary Education Decisions Lead to Negative Consequences

  • 30% of Bachelor’s degree graduates formally change majors

– Major changers attempt 16 more credits than non-changers – Major changers have higher cumulative loans, lower earnings, lower satisfaction with undergraduate major

  • A year after graduation:

– 14% of Bachelor degree graduates are unsatisfied with their major – 24% of Bachelor degree graduates say their education was not worth financial cost

Source: Georgetown University Center on Education and the Workforce analysis of U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2008/12 Baccalaureate and Beyond Longitudinal Study (B&B:08/12).

No Board endorsement of any person or entity

slide-9
SLIDE 9 Source: Source: Georgetown University Center on Education and the Workforce analysis of U.S. Department of Education. Official Default Rates for Schools, 2013.

15%

  • f borrowers who attend

for-Profit colleges default on their loans

No Board endorsement of any person or entity

slide-10
SLIDE 10

Institution Type Impacts Size of the Loan, Incidence of Loan Default, and Future Salary

Sources: Georgetown University Center on Education and the Workforce analysis of U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2003-04 Beginning Postsecondary Students Longitudinal Study, Second Follow-up (BPS:04/09), 2009; U.S. Department of Education. Official Default Rates for Schools, 2013; and U.S. Department of Education, College Scorecard Data, 2015. .

Type of institution

Cumulative amount borrowed for education as of 2012 ($) Incidence of Loan default (%) Average salary 10 years after enrollment ($)

Public 2 year

8,970 18.5 33,070

Public 4 year

19,330 7.3 47,200

Private not-for-profit 2 year

14,790 15.3 39,470

Private not-for profit 4 year or above

26,000 6.5 47,630

For-profit 2 year

13,960 16.8 29,200

For-profit 4 year or above

22,300 14 39,520

No Board endorsement of any person or entity

slide-11
SLIDE 11

African Americans and Hispanics Account for Larger Share of Enrollments at For-Profit Institutions than at Public and Non-profit Institutions

etown University Center on Education and the Workforce analysis of National Center for Education Statistics (NCES), Integrate Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), 2014-15 (preliminary release) 12-months enrollment data. .

25% 13% 13% 19% 18% 13% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% For-profit Public Nonprofit Share of enrollment African Americans Hispanics

No Board endorsement of any person or entity

slide-12
SLIDE 12

For More Information

Email Us | cew@georgetown.edu Visit our website | cew.georgetown.edu Follow Us on Twitter | @GeorgetownCEW Find us on Facebook | Search: CEWGU

No Board endorsement of any person or entity