Gasification What is Gasification Gasification is a chemical - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Gasification What is Gasification Gasification is a chemical - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Gasification What is Gasification Gasification is a chemical reaction caused by heating carbonaceous material in an oxygen-starved environment , resulting in incomplete combustion that drives off carbon- rich gases. Gasification is not
What is Gasification
Gasification is a chemical reaction caused by heating carbonaceous material in an
- xygen-starved environment, resulting in
incomplete combustion that drives off carbon- rich gases.
Gasification is not Incineration
History of Gasification
- Developed in the early 1800’s to convert coal to gas
- First uses were for heating and street lighting -1807
- 1,000 of installations across the world.
- Large Scale
- Small Scale
- Companies with Gasification Patents
- Lockheed Martin
- Shell
- Conoco Phillips
- GE
- Siemens
- Westinghouse
- Today’s gasification technology is:
- Cleaner – environmentally friendly
- Economically Sound
- Scalable
Types of Gasification Technologies
Traditional Gasification Processes - Utilize some oxygen or air in process
- Fixed Bed
- Fluidized Bed
- Entrained Bed
Plasma Arc
- Utilizes electrical arcs to gasify material
- New
- Little history
- No scalable operations
Pyrolysis – Occurs in the absence of oxygen
- Utilized heavily in bio-mass operations
- Proven technology
Gasification – Sample Process
Material Preparation:
De-packaging, Size Reduction
Material Collection:
Centralized Processing Center, Food Waste, Green Waste, Municipal Sludge, Manures, Other
Material Preparation:
Blending and Drying to 80% Solids
Gasification:
Output – Biochar, Syngas, Heat Syngas Bio-Char: Water Purification, Soil Enrichment
Electric Generation:
Supply Parasitic Load, Reaming Sold Heat: Returned for Drying
Revenue Streams from Gasification
1. Tip Fees – disposal offset 2. Bio-char
- Additive to high quality fertilizers
- Carbon sequestration
- Water remediation
3. Heat
- Steam generation
- Pre-drying processes
- Greenhouses
- Water heating
4. Electrical Generation
- Colocation with large electric consumer
- Power purchase agreement with utility