Functional medication management in older adults living at home: a - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Functional medication management in older adults living at home: a - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Functional medication management in older adults living at home: a scoping review Hadeel Abed, B.Sc. Pharm Supervisors : Cheryl A Sadowski, PharmD, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta. C. Allyson Jones, PT PhD,

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Functional medication management in older adults living at home: a scoping review

Hadeel Abed, B.Sc. Pharm

Supervisors:

Cheryl A Sadowski, PharmD, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta.

  • C. Allyson Jones, PT PhD, Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta
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Conflict of interest

  • We have no actual or potential conflict of interest in relation to this

topic or presentation.

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Functional medication management (FMM)

  • Defined as having the ability to perform

different steps related to medication.

  • Regarded as one component of

Instrumental Activity of Daily Living (IADL)

Bolina et al, Drugs: Real World Outcomes - 2016

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Functional ability Steps

  • Physical:

Hand dexterity Grip strength Muscle weakness Swallowing abilities

  • Sensory:

Vision Hearing

  • Cognition

Ordering medications Picking up medications Organizing medications Preparing medications Administering medications Monitoring effect of medications

Functional medication management (FMM)

Bolina Bolina et al, Drugs: Real World Outcomes-2016 Giannotti et al, Official Journal of the Italian Society of Gerontology and Geriatrics-2019

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Research questions

What functional challenges do older adults experience administering their medications? What measures are available to assess functional medication management in older adults What domains of functional medication management are assessed by these measures?

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Finding Relevant Studies

Inclusion criteria Exclusion criteria Study Design No restriction None Setting Must occur within the home/self- administration If administered by caregiver If administered in care facility, hospital, nursing home. Participant/population Age 65+ years old Under the age of 65 years old Cognitive impairment Intervention/exposure Functional challenges or any measure assessing functional medication management Outcomes Impact of physical functional challenges None

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Records identified through database search n = 4,332 Records screened by title and abstract n = 4,387

IDENTIFICATION SCREENING INCLUDED

Records excluded n = 4,189 Full text records assessed for eligibility n = 198 Full text records excluded, n = 156 n = 62 intervention n = 57 topic n = 31 population n = 6 duplicate Studies included in the scoping review, n = 41 n = 40 primary studies n = 1 systematic review

ELIGIBILITY

Records identified through gray literature search n = 41 Records after duplicates removed n = 4,387 Records identified through reference checking n = 14 14 = available assessment tools to assess FMM Full text records about physical challenges and practical problems, n = 27

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Results

  • Year of publication
  • 23 2000-2010
  • 18 2010-2018
  • Study design
  • 19 Cross sectional design
  • 8 Qualitative study design
  • 6 Randomized controlled trial
  • 5 Prospective cohort
  • 2 Clinical trials
  • 1 Systematic review
  • 1 Case control
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Types of functional challenges

n =11 n =10 n =4 n =2

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Measures of Functional Medication Management

Functional medication management measures (n =14) Performance based measures (n =10)

  • Measures using

patient real medications regimen (n =4)

  • Measures using

simulated regimen or a kit (n =6)

Self-report measures (n =4)

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Performance based measures Self-report measures

  • Drug Regimen Unassisted Grading Scale (DRUGS)
  • Medication Management Instrument Deficiencies in the

Elderly (MedMaIDE)

  • MedTake Test
  • In-Home Medication Management Performance Evaluation

(HOME-Rx)

  • Hopkins Medication Schedule (HMS)
  • Medication Management Ability /Administration Assessment

(MMAA)

  • ManageMed Screening
  • Medication Management Performance Tests (MMPT)
  • Medication Regimen Adherence Capacity Test
  • Medication Management Evaluation instrument (MMEI)
  • Medication Management Capacity questionnaire (MMC)
  • Practical Drug Management Capacity Questionnaire
  • Medication knowledge and skills assessment questionnaire
  • Medication Assessment Tool

Measures of functional medication management

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Processes (n=5)

  • Order
  • Pick up
  • Organize
  • Monitor

therapy

Skills (n=14)

  • Access medication from a

package

  • Comprehend instructions
  • Identify medication
  • Recall information
  • Administer medication

Risk factors (n=5)

  • Multiple

prescribers

  • Financial barrier
  • Medication

assistance

  • Home

environment Function (n=8)

  • Hand dexterity
  • Cognition and memory
  • Vision and hearing
  • Swallowing abilities

Domains covered by the measures

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Summary

  • Older adults experience many functional challenges with medications.
  • Measures were not robust.
  • Although measures cover different domains; one domain in particular, function, was

not assessed extensively .

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Acknowledgmenta and Funding

Acknowledgements

  • Mark Makowsky, BSP, PharmD
  • Liza Bialy, BSc, MPH
  • Robin Featherstone, MLIS

This project is funded, in part, by

  • Alberta SPOR SUPPORT Unit KT Platform
  • Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences at University of Alberta
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References

  • Bolina M, C. Jones A, Koshman S, Heintz E, Sadowski C. Documentation of Functional Medication Management in Older Adults: A Retrospective Chart Review in Acute Care Hospitalization. Drugs - Real World
  • Outcomes. 2016; 3(4), 401-407
  • Giannotti C, Nencioni A, Odetti P, Monacelli F. Medication management ability in older patients: time for a reappraisal. Journal of the Italian Society of Gerontology and Geriatrics. 2019;67:8-12
  • Beckman A, Bernsten C, M Parker, M Thorslun, J Fastbom. The Difficulty of Opening Medicine Containers in Old Age: A Population-Based Study. Pharmacy World and Science. 2005; 27 (5), 393–398
  • LAKEY SL, GRAY SL, BORSON S, MONSANTO HA, MALLET L. Assessment of Older Adults' Knowledge of and Preferences for Medication Management Tools and Support Systems. Ann Pharmacother

2009(6):1011.

  • Orwig D, Brandt N, Gruber-Baldini A. Medication Management Assessment for Older Adults in the Community. Gerontologist 2006;46(5):661-668.
  • RAEHL CL, BOND CA, WOODS T, PATRY RA, SLEEPER RB. Individualized drug use assessment in the elderly. Pharmacotherapy 2002(10):1239.
  • Murphy MC, Somerville E, Keglovits M, Hu Y-, Stark S. In-home medication management performance evaluation (HOME-Rx): A validity study. American Journal of Occupational Therapy. 2017; 71(4).
  • Carlson MC, Fried LP, Xue Q, Tekwe C, Brandt J, Carlson MC, et al. Validation of the Hopkins Medication Schedule to identify difficulties in taking medications. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2005 02;60(2):217-

223.

  • Hutchison LC, Jones SK, West DS, Wei JY. Assessment of medication management by community living elderly persons with two standardized assessment tools: A cross-sectional study. American Journal of

Geriatric Pharmacotherapy 2006;4:144-153.

  • ROBNETT RH, DIONNE C, JACQUES R, LACHANCE A, MAILHOT M. The managemed screening: An interdisciplinary tool for quickly assessing medication management skills. Clin Gerontol 2007(4):1.
  • Beckman AGK, Parker MG, Thorslund M. Can elderly people take their medicine? Patient Educ Couns 2005; 59:186-191.
  • MacLaughlin EJ, Raehl CL, Treadway AK, Sterling TL, Zoller DP, Bond CA,. Assessing Medication Adherence in the Elderly: Which Tools to Use in Clinical Practice? Drugs Aging 2005(3):231.
  • Elliott Rohan A, Marriott Jennifer L. Standardised assessment of patients' capacity to manage medications: a systematic review of published instruments. BMC Geriatrics. 2009; 9:27.
  • SINO CGM, SIETZEMA M, EGBERTS TCG, SCHUURMANS MJ. Medication Management Capacity in Relation to Cognition and Self-Management Skills in Older People on Polypharmacy. J Nutr Health Aging

2014(1):44.

  • MEHUYS E, DUPOND L, PETROVIC M, CHRISTIAENS T, VAN BORTEL, L., ADRIAENS E, et al. Medication Management among Home-Dwelling Older Patients with Chronic Diseases: Possible Roles for

Community Pharmacists. J Nutr Health Aging 2012(8):721.

  • Hope CJ, Wu JW, Tu WZ, Young J, Murray MD. Barriers to adherence in elderly heart failure patients. Drug Inf J 2004;38(4):331-340.
  • Jennings-Sanders A. Examining medication knowledge and behavior of older African-American adult day care clients. J Natl Black Nurses Assoc. 2001;12(2):23-29.
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Thank Thank you you

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Arksey and O’Malley Scoping Review methods

Stage 1 • Development of the research question Stage 2 • Identifying relevant studies Stage 3 • Screening and selection of publications Stage 4 • Charting the data Stage 5 • Collating, summarizing, and reporting the results