Frequency Response Initiative WECC Generator Operator Working Group Troy Blalock – South Carolina Electric and Gas NERC Resource Subcommittee June 7, 2018
Agenda • Why Primary Frequency Response is Important • Review the History and Industry Outreach • Discuss the Identified Issues ▪ Dead Band ▪ Outer Loop Controls • Voluntary Initiative • Frequency Response Guideline • Whats next 2 RELIABILITY | ACCOUNTABILITY
Frequency Response Importance • Reliability of the Interconnection ▪ Line of defense to prevent Under Frequency Load Shedding (UFLS) ▪ Prevent equipment damage ▪ Droop is essential for system restoration • Compliance with NERC Reliability Standards • Accurately predict system events (transmission models) • NERC Alert on February 5, 2015 (Generator Governor Frequency Response Advisory) • LL166: Generator Trip While Performing Frequency Response • Solar Inverter Resource Interruption 3 RELIABILITY | ACCOUNTABILITY
NERC Outreach OEM and Engineering Firms 4 RELIABILITY | ACCOUNTABILITY
Generator Governor Frequency Response Advisory • Advisory issued February 5th • Initiated by NERC Resource Subcommittee ▪ Interconnections frequency response has declined ▪ Eastern Interconnection Lazy L profile ▪ 2010 and 2013 Generator Survey Data Generator Governor Frequency Response Advisory 5 RELIABILITY | ACCOUNTABILITY
Turbine OEM Reach Out to Customer Base 6 RELIABILITY | ACCOUNTABILITY
The Capability Goal Reliability Guideline: Primary Frequency Control In order to provide Primary Frequency Control, it is recommended that all resources connected to an Interconnection be equipped with a working governor or equivalent frequency control device. The primary focus of the Guideline is prime mover governors. Other forms of resources providing frequency response should have similar response characteristics described herein for governor. 3 -175 MW GE7FA Gas Mark VIe Turbine Additional information Frequency NERC Reliability Guideline: Algorithm Primary Frequency Control added to Plant DCS 7 RELIABILITY | ACCOUNTABILITY
Purpose of the Survey • Applicable to all BES Generators (to include nuclear, renewables and storage) ▪ a) Gross individual nameplate rating greater than 20 MVA. Or, ▪ b) Gross plant/facility aggregate nameplate rating greater than 75 MVA. * Non-BES generators are encouraged to submit survey results • Industry lead initiative to gather information through Generator Surveys to further analyze the Interconnections’ frequency response. ▪ Approved by the NERC Operating Committee September 2016 ▪ Advocated by the North American Generator Forum (NAGF) • GOP Survey first introduced during a December 8, 2016 Webinar Frequency Response Initiative – Generator Event Survey Webinar 8 RELIABILITY | ACCOUNTABILITY
GO survey Shortcomings: • NERC email list was short and mostly compliance folks • Overall knowledge about the principals of frequency response • GO data 9 RELIABILITY | ACCOUNTABILITY
Draft - West Interconnection Results 10 RELIABILITY | ACCOUNTABILITY
Draft - East Interconnection Results 11 RELIABILITY | ACCOUNTABILITY
What has been learned – Outer Loop Control Coordination with plant DCS is a requirement when operating in MW Set Point Coordinated Control. 12 RELIABILITY | ACCOUNTABILITY
Illustration Frequency 60.000 Hz 450 MW 150 MW Missing 150 MW 150 MW Graphic from GE info bulletin PSIB20150212 13 RELIABILITY | ACCOUNTABILITY
Illustration Frequency 59.940 Hz 450 MW 153 MW for little more than 1 second Missing +/- Dead Band MW 153 MW for little more than 1 second 150 MW Graphic from GE info bulletin PSIB20150212 14 RELIABILITY | ACCOUNTABILITY
Example Frequency 59.940 Hz 153 MW 6 MW 450 MW 456 MW +/- Dead Band MW 153 MW 150 MW Graphic from GE info bulletin PSIB20150212 15 RELIABILITY | ACCOUNTABILITY
Example Frequency 60.000 Hz 0 MW 400 MW 150 MW 400 MW 150 MW 100 MW Graphic from GE info bulletin PSIB20150212 16 RELIABILITY | ACCOUNTABILITY
Conventional Steam Plant Frequency 59.940 Hz 6 MW 400 MW 406 MW +/- Dead Band MW 406 MW 17 RELIABILITY | ACCOUNTABILITY Graphic from GE info bulletin PSIB20150212
2015 BAL-003-1 Performance Eastern Interconnection: BA performance 2.3 times greater than FRO. Meet IFRO 30 of 30 times with room to spare Western Interconnection: BA performance 1.3 times greater than FRO. Meet IFRO 23 of 25 times 18 RELIABILITY | ACCOUNTABILITY
Recommendation Every BES Generator should have a working governor and be set in accordance with Frequency Response Guideline for system reliability and system restoration and provide primary frequency response between Pmin and Pmax. ▪ Exemptions Nuclear, existing wind solar, or possibly some others (environmental. etc) LGIA and SGIA has been modified to require the same for all future generation. 19 RELIABILITY | ACCOUNTABILITY
Next Steps • Coordinate with NAGF to conduct Webinars this Fall • Conduct addition GO survey fall 2018 • Work with BA and GO to improve participation and data quality 20 RELIABILITY | ACCOUNTABILITY
Troy Blalock, P.E. South Carolina Electric & Gas Company 601 Old Taylor Rd. Cayce, SC 29033 Mail Code J42, Cayce, SC 29033 Office #: 803-217-2040 Cell #: 803-206-8984 Fax #: 803-933-8220 Email: Jblalock@scana.com 21 RELIABILITY | ACCOUNTABILITY
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