Forklift Safety PPT-SM-FORKLFTSFTY 1 V.A.0.0 Forklifts Used to - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Forklift Safety PPT-SM-FORKLFTSFTY 1 V.A.0.0

Forklifts • Used to move materials in industrial settings • Operators must be – Certified and authorized – 18 years of age or older – Adequately trained PPT-SM-FORKLFTSFTY 2 V.A.0.0

Forklifts • Training must include – Classroom presentation – Hands-on demonstration and evaluation – Operating instructions on each type of forklift that will be operated • Operators must be evaluated every three years • Retraining may be required if necessary or changes occur PPT-SM-FORKLFTSFTY 3 V.A.0.0

Forklifts Companies must • Offer site specific truck and workplace training • Ensure workers comply with training requirements • Must authorize forklift operators • Ensure that forklifts meet applicable ANSI requirements PPT-SM-FORKLFTSFTY 4 V.A.0.0

Automobiles vs. Forklifts Characteristics that differ include • Steering • Weight • Stability • Centers of gravity (CG) and force • Visibility PPT-SM-FORKLFTSFTY 5 V.A.0.0

Steering Forklifts • Tighter turning radius – Do not cut sharply – Forklift can overturn • Steer from the rear – Causes rear to swing wide PPT-SM-FORKLFTSFTY 6 V.A.0.0

Weight Forklifts • Smaller and more compact • Relatively heavier – Reduces acceleration – Increases braking distance PPT-SM-FORKLFTSFTY 7 V.A.0.0

Stability Forklifts • Not stable when loaded • 3-point suspension is rigid • CG must stay within the stability triangle PPT-SM-FORKLFTSFTY 8 V.A.0.0

Center of Gravity and Force CG will change with • Weight of the load • Height of the load • Position of the forks • Changes in speed • Changes in direction PPT-SM-FORKLFTSFTY 9 V.A.0.0

Visibility Forklifts • Poor forward visibility • Mast and load may obstruct view • If visibility is obstructed – Travel in reverse – Use a spotter PPT-SM-FORKLFTSFTY 10 V.A.0.0

Indoor Use • Gas and diesel forklifts have a potential for CO build up • CO is invisible and deadly • Ventilation may be necessary in small areas • Propane and electric forklifts – Less likely to release toxic gas PPT-SM-FORKLFTSFTY 11 V.A.0.0

Classifications Forklift Classes D Diesel powered D Diesel unit with additional fire protection to exhaust, fuel and electrical systems DY DS plus temperature limitation features and no electrical powered components E Electric ES Additional safeguards to prevent sparks and limit surface temperatures EE ES plus completely enclosed electrical equipment Ex Specifically designed for atmospheres that may contain flammable dust and vapors G Gasoline GS Safeguard to the exhaust, fuel and electrical systems LP LPG (liquefied petroleum gas – usually propane powered) PPT-SM-FORKLFTSFTY 12 V.A.0.0

Tires Based on working surface • Solid tires – Smooth, hard, level surfaces Solid tires • Pneumatic or air filled tires – Rough and uneven surfaces – Inspect for proper inflation pressure Pneumatic tires PPT-SM-FORKLFTSFTY 13 V.A.0.0

Pre-Operation Inspection • Must be done before each shift • Check – Fluid levels – Leaks – Steering wheel condition and function – Seat/engine cover is secured – Brakes – Tires – Hoses PPT-SM-FORKLFTSFTY 14 V.A.0.0

Pre-Operation Inspection Check • Labels, charts and signs • Horns and alarms • Mast and forks • Gauges • Controls • Rollover protection PPT-SM-FORKLFTSFTY 15 V.A.0.0

Pre-Operation Inspection • Never add, modify or remove anything without the manufacturer’s authorization • Report any damage or missing components to your supervisor PPT-SM-FORKLFTSFTY 16 V.A.0.0

Load Chart Forklifts must have a legible load chart or data plate • Lists maximum load capacities at various distances on the forks – Distance will be from load’s CG to the back rest of the forks – Usually expressed at 24, 36 and 42 in. Vital for a safe lift • PPT-SM-FORKLFTSFTY 17 V.A.0.0

Load Chart PPT-SM-FORKLFTSFTY 18 V.A.0.0

Operational Safety To ensure safety • Operate at appropriate speeds • Slow down when turning and at intersections • Maintain three truck length following distance • No horseplay • Seat belts should be worn at all times • Keep arms and legs inside the forklift SMP 21.5 PPT-SM-FORKLFTSFTY 19 V.A.0.0

Operational Safety To ensure safety • Keep workers clear of suspended loads • Never drive towards a worker • Do not carry passengers • Yield to pedestrians SMP 21.5 PPT-SM-FORKLFTSFTY 20 V.A.0.0

Operational Safety • Dock boards secured and in good condition • Loading a trailer with a forklift – Secure trailer – Chock – Do not overload weight capacity of trailer floor or trailer jacks – Inspect floor for damage SMP 21.6 PPT-SM-FORKLFTSFTY 21 V.A.0.0

Operational Safety When lifting loads Follow load limits • Put heavy side close to mast guard • Never carry loose material • Loads should be centered and lifted slowly • Do not make more than one movement at a time • Loads should be carried low to the ground • – Preferably 4 to 6 in. SMP 21.6 PPT-SM-FORKLFTSFTY 22 V.A.0.0

Operational Safety When operating on a ramp • Drive slowly • Drive straight up and down the ramp, never sideways • Forks should always face up ramp • The load should be carried as low as reasonably possible SMP 21.6 PPT-SM-FORKLFTSFTY 23 V.A.0.0

Operational Safety Forklifts can only be used as work platforms if work platforms • Incorporate handrails • Guard against accidental contact • Are securely attached to forks • Incorporate emergency shutdown • Are approved for personnel lifts • Do not use pallets SMP 21.6 PPT-SM-FORKLFTSFTY 24 V.A.0.0

Operational Safety • When working near railroads – Never park closer than 8 ft. – Cross at an angle • When dismounting forklift – Face forklift and use three points of contact • When forklift is unattended – Lower forks to the ground – Set brake – Shutdown SMP 21.6 PPT-SM-FORKLFTSFTY 25 V.A.0.0

Fueling and Battery Charging Fueling Should be done outdoors • Shut down forklift • Be aware of fuel amount and type • Remove ignition sources within 50 ft. • Do not leave fuel nozzle unattended • Secure propane cylinders properly • Wear appropriate PPE • Clean up spills immediately • SMP 21.6 – 21.7 PPT-SM-FORKLFTSFTY 26 V.A.0.0

Fueling and Battery Charging Battery charging • Hydrogen and oxygen release can be flammable – Do not smoke and remove ignition sources • Wear splash goggles and rubber gloves • Mixing acid for batteries – Add acid to water if needed – Clean up spills immediately SMP 21.7 PPT-SM-FORKLFTSFTY 27 V.A.0.0

PPT-SM-FORKLFTSFTY 28 V.A.0.0