Foreign Fighters Liesbeth van der Heide 29 March 2017 LIAISE - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Rehabilitation & Reintegration of Foreign Fighters Liesbeth van der Heide 29 March 2017 LIAISE Seminar, The Hague www.icct.nl | info@icct.nl The International Centre for Counter-Terrorism Think & Do Tank on

Rehabilitation & Reintegration of Foreign Fighters Liesbeth van der Heide 29 March 2017 LIAISE Seminar, The Hague www.icct.nl | info@icct.nl
The International Centre for Counter-Terrorism • ‘Think & Do’ Tank on Preventive and Rule of Law-related aspects of CT • Key areas of work: CVE/PVE, Human Rights-related Aspects of CT, Criminal Justice Sector Responses, Civil Society Engagement, Rehabilitation & Reintegration of VEOs 1 Marrakesh, 25 January 2011
Foreign Fighters? A Diffuse Threat Foreign Fighter Travel Returnees Lone Actors & Sympathisers Social Polarisation 1 Marrakesh, 25 January 2011
Dimensions of Radicalisation – a Typology of FTFs  ==  Ideological / political motivation Non-ideological / apolitical  ==  Leader / high status in the group Follower/strong need to belong  ==  Socially well adapted / resourceful Marginalised / weak social resources  ==  High on sensation seeking Low on sensation seeking Note: These are not static dimensions; individuals may change their position during the course of their militant careers!
Why do individuals join violent extremist groups? • Political and ideological motivations • Search for friendship and group community • Frustration and anger • Search for action and excitement
Five Stages of Intervention Beyond Criminal Justice Sector 1. Signaling Stage Within Criminal Justice Sector 2. (Pre-)Trial/Detention Stage 3. Post-Trial Incarceration Stage 4. Post-Detention/Reintegration Stage 5. Aftercare and monitoring 1 Marrakesh, 25 January 2011
Challenges with returnees • What is success? • Exceptionalisation • Role of ideology > how to tackle it / who is the legitimate voice? • Network vs individuals • What to do with the ‘Naysayers’? • How to monitor and measure recidivism? 1 Marrakesh, 25 January 2011
Role of Cities & Local Actors • Who has the lead? • Share unless… • Sensitize communities • What to do with the ‘Naysayers’? • How to monitor and measure recidivism > keep track, especially locally 1 Marrakesh, 25 January 2011
Conclusions • Disengagement and deradicalisation are linked but losely linked processes • Disengagement from participation in violent extremism is more important to achieve than deradicalisation, the latter is a bonus • Rehab practices that are relevant to all types: psych counseling, coaching • Difficult groups: socially frustrated & ideological activists • Importance of societal support 1 Marrakesh, 25 January 2011
Thank you! Questions? www.icct.nl | info@icct.nl

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