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Flavor Violation and Electroweak Baryogenesis Jing Shu - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Flavor Violation and Electroweak Baryogenesis Jing Shu (arXiv:1609.09849) ITP-CAS Oct 27, 2017 Jing Shu | Oct 27, 2017 1 / 42 The Matter/Energy Budget of our Universe Cosmological Parameters from Planck Planck 2015 Fit of the base CDM at

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SLIDE 1

Flavor Violation and Electroweak Baryogenesis

Jing Shu (arXiv:1609.09849)

ITP-CAS

Oct 27, 2017 Jing Shu | Oct 27, 2017 1 / 42

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SLIDE 2

The Matter/Energy Budget of our Universe

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SLIDE 3

Cosmological Parameters from Planck

Planck 2015 Fit of the base ΛCDM at 68% CL, arxiv:1502.01582v2

Jing Shu | Oct 27, 2017 3 / 42

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SLIDE 4

Big Bang NucleoSynthesis

PDG 2015, Rev.Mod.Phys,88,015004

Jing Shu | Oct 27, 2017 5 / 42

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SLIDE 5

Baryon Asymmetry

A very tiny imbalance ⌘ = nB n ⇠ 1010 ! Baryogenesis

Jing Shu | Oct 27, 2017 6 / 42

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SLIDE 6

Sakharov Conditions for Baryogenesis, 1967

⌃ B Violation (Electroweak Sphalerons) ⌃ C, CP Violation ⌃ Out of equilibrium (Expansion of Universe, First-Order Phase Transition)

Jing Shu | Oct 27, 2017 8 / 42

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SLIDE 7

Mechanisms of Baryogenesis

⌃ GUT Baryogenesis (⇠ 1016GeV) ⌃ Affleck-Dine mechanism ⌃ Modified Cosmology Model ⌃ Baryogenesis via Leptogenesis ⌃ Spontaneous Baryogenesis ⌃ Electroweak Baryogenesis (⇠ 100GeV)

Jing Shu | Oct 27, 2017 9 / 42

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SLIDE 8

Electroweak Baryogenesis: An Application

A lepton-flavored Electroweak Baryogenesis scenario (arxiv:1609.09849) CP nature of the Higgs boson Flavor nature of the Higgs boson EDM

Jing Shu | Oct 27, 2017 25 / 42

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SLIDE 9

h ! τµ

Phys.Lett.B07,053 arXiv:1508.03372

Br(h ! ⌧µ) = ⇢ < 1.85% ATLAS 2015 < 1.51% CMS 2015, Best Fit 0.84+0.39

0.37

Jing Shu | Oct 27, 2017 26 / 42

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SLIDE 10

LFV ! New Physics ! CPV ?

New physics from an extended Leptonic Yukawa sector ? Also need CP-violation for baryogenesis Two Higgs Doublet Model A SM Limit Exists

Jing Shu | Oct 27, 2017 27 / 42

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SLIDE 11

Potentials

Convential Form: A different form:

Jing Shu | Oct 27, 2017 28 / 42

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SLIDE 12

Types of 2HDM

The Four types of 2HDM with no LFV.

Phys.Rept.2012.02.002

To have LFV ! Couple ei

R to both doublets

Jing Shu | Oct 27, 2017 29 / 42

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SLIDE 13

CPV - Invariant How to properly define a CPV source Jarlskog-like Invariant

Jing Shu | Oct 27, 2017 30 / 42

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SLIDE 14

CPV in SM: the CKM Matrix

Rephasing Invariant Quantities: |Vij|2 V↵iVjV ⇤

↵jV ⇤ i ! Imaginary Part corresponds to CPV

Jing Shu | Oct 27, 2017 31 / 42

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SLIDE 15

Condition 2: CPV in SM: Jarlskog Invariant

γ γ α α

d

m ∆

K

ε

K

ε

s

m ∆ &

d

m ∆

ub

V β sin 2

(excl. at CL > 0.95) < 0 β

  • sol. w/ cos 2
excluded at CL > 0.95

α β γ

ρ

  • 1.0
  • 0.5

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0

η

  • 1.5
  • 1.0
  • 0.5

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5

excluded area has CL > 0.95
  • Fig. 12.2, PDG, 2014

J = c1s2

1c2s2c3s3 sin = 3.06+0.21 0.20 ⇥ 105

J0 = det[m2

u, m2 d]

(100GeV)12 ⇠ 1020 Not large enough! ) New Physics

Jing Shu | Oct 27, 2017 15 / 42

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SLIDE 16

CPV Invariant in SM

Rephasing Invariants Q↵ij = V↵iVjV ⇤

↵jV ⇤ i.

↵ 6= , i 6= j,

CKM Unitarity

= ) J ⌘ ImQ1122 Jarlskog, Dunietz, Greenberg, Wu 1985.

det[MU, MD] = 2i (mt mu)(mt mc)(mc mu)(mb md)(mb ms)(ms md)J

Branco, Lavoura, Silva, 1999. (Hf ⌘ MfM†

f) tr([HU, HD]3) = 6i (m2

t m2 u)(m2 t m2 c)(m2 c m2 u)(m2 b m2 d)(m2 b m2 s)(m2 s m2 d)J Jing Shu | Oct 27, 2017 32 / 42

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SLIDE 17

Symmetries in Type III 2HDM

e0 i

R = U(eR)ijej R,

E0 i

L = U(EL)ijEj L,

Φ0

i = U(Φ)ijΦj

400 200 200 400 v1 400 200 200 400

v2

Y1

E, Y2 E Jing Shu | Oct 27, 2017 33 / 42

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SLIDE 18

The CPV Flow

Botella, Silva, 1995 JE = 1 v2µHB

12 2

X

a,b,c=1

vav⇤

bµbc

X

ij=⌧,µ

(Y E

c )ij(Y E† a

)ji ImJE = 8 > > < > > : Gauge Basis: Y E

2,⌧µImY E 2,⌧µ

) Baryon Asymmetry Mass Basis: 2m⌧ImNE

⌧⌧/v2

) CP-violating h¯ ⌧⌧

Jing Shu | Oct 27, 2017 34 / 42

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SLIDE 19

Transport Equations

Jing Shu | Oct 27, 2017 2 / 3

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SLIDE 20

Phenomenological Implications

h ! ⌧ ±µ⌥ ⌧ ! µ EDM Higgs signal strength h ! ¯ ⌧⌧

Jing Shu | Oct 27, 2017 35 / 42

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EDM, MDM and τ ! µγ

Br(⌧ ! µ) < 4.4 ⇥ 108 90C.L., BaBar, PhysRevLett.104.021802 Two Loop:

f 0 f f γ/Z h , H , A0 γ t, W ±/G±, H± f 0 f νf W ± H± γ t/b, µ/ντ, W ±/G±, H±. f 0 f f γ/Z h , H , A0 γ τ τ τ

One Loop: No CPV from h⌧µ : NE

⌧µNE µ⌧ = 0

Jing Shu | Oct 27, 2017 36 / 42

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EDM

f 0 f f γ/Z h , H , A γ τ τ τ

  • de

e

  • ⇡ 1.87 ⇥ 1029|Imy⌧|

ACME 2014:

  • de

e

  • < 8.7 ⇥ 1029e · cm

|Imy⌧| < 4.66 ! CPV is less constrained

Jing Shu | Oct 27, 2017 37 / 42

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SLIDE 23

h ! ττ

JHEP1405,104 JHEP1504,117

µ⌧⌧ = ⇢ 1.43+0.43

0.37

ATLAS 2015 0.78 ± 0.27 CMS 2014

Jing Shu | Oct 27, 2017 38 / 42

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A CP-violating h¯ ττ

mf v ⌧(cos ⌧ ¯ ⌧⌧ + sin ⌧ ¯ ⌧i5⌧)h Sensitivities: LHC (PhysRevD.92.096012(2015)) 150fb1 500fb1 3ab1 15 9 4 Higgs factories: ⇡ 4.4 at 250GeV with 1ab1 PhysRevD.88.076009(2013).

Jing Shu | Oct 27, 2017 39 / 42

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Physical Implications of the Lepton-Flavored EWBG

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0

  • 0.4
  • 0.2

0.0 0.2 0.4

Re(y) Im(y)

  • r32=1.1

r32=0.9

|y|=1±0.1

14° 11°

  • 11°
  • 14°

4°

  • 4°

1.43% 1% 0.5% 0% 1% 0.5% 0% 1.41% Jing Shu | Oct 27, 2017 40 / 42

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SLIDE 26

Summary and Outlook

⌃ Mechanisms of Electroweak Baryogenesis is discussed. ⌃ A Lepton flavored scenario is studied.

CP-violating h¯ ⌧⌧ is expected from EWBG and can be probed at colliders. This is correlated with discovery of h⌧ ±µ⌥.

⌃ More dedicated work on this subject can be interesting and important.

Jing Shu | Oct 27, 2017 41 / 42

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SLIDE 27

Thanks

Jing Shu | Oct 27, 2017 42 / 42

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SLIDE 28

Parameters

Planck 2015, arxiv:1502.02114

Jing Shu | Oct 27, 2017 1 / 3

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SLIDE 29

Approximations

⌃ Local chemical equilibrium. ⌃ Neglect weak sphaleron interactions in transport equations. ⌃ Local Baryon number conservation. ⌃ Weak interactions are in thermal equilibrium. ⌃ Chemical equilibrium for strong sphaleron interactions.

Jing Shu | Oct 27, 2017 3 / 3

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SLIDE 30

Outline

⌃ Mechanisms of Electroweak Baryogenesis

⌃ Why going beyond the SM ?

⌃ Example: Lepton-Flavored Electroweak Baryogenesis ⌃ Gravitational Waves from Electroweak Phase Transition

Jing Shu | Oct 27, 2017 10 / 42

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SLIDE 31

Condition 1: The Anomalous Baryonic Current

Anomalies: (⇡0 ! ) Adler, 1969; Bell and Jackiw 1969; Fujikawa 1979.) @µJµ

BL+LL = nfg2

32⇡2 ✏↵W ↵

a W a

B(tf) B(ti) = Z tf

ti

Z d3x  nf g2 32⇡2 Wµ⌫f W aµ⌫

  • ∆B = nf[NCS(tf) NCS(ti)]

Jing Shu | Oct 27, 2017 11 / 42

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SLIDE 32

Condition 1: The n-Vacua and Sphalerons

Instanton(’t Hooft 1976) mediated tunnelling rate: e

8π2

g2 ⇡ 10173

Saddle point solution, Sphalerons (Manton, 1983). Sphaleron Energy: E = (1.6 ⇠ 2.7) ⇥ 4⇡v g Rate unsuppressed at high T

Jing Shu | Oct 27, 2017 12 / 42

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SLIDE 33

Condition 1: Sphaleron Rate in SM

130 140 150 160 170 T / GeV

  • 45
  • 40
  • 35
  • 30
  • 25
  • 20
  • 15
  • 10

log Γ/Τ

4

standard multicanonical fit perturbative pure gauge log[αH(T)/T]

Lattice result, TC = (159.5 ± 1.5)GeV , Phys.Rev.Lett,113, 141602 (2014).

Γsym ⇡ 6 ⇥ (18 ± 3)↵5

W T 4,

Γbrok ⇠ T 4exp(Esph T )

Jing Shu | Oct 27, 2017 13 / 42

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Condition 2: CPV in SM: the CKM Matrix

Jing Shu | Oct 27, 2017 14 / 42

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Condition 2: CPV: Electric Dipole Moments

  • J. Engel et al. Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics 71 (2013) 2174

Jing Shu | Oct 27, 2017 16 / 42

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Condition 2: CPV: EDM Experimental Status

  • J. Engel et al. Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics 71 (2013) 2174

Jing Shu | Oct 27, 2017 17 / 42

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Condition 3: Electroweak Phase Transition

  • V

T>Tc T=Tc T<Tc

Strongly first order EWPT. Bubble Nucleation Bubble Expansion Bubble Percolation

Jing Shu | Oct 27, 2017 18 / 42

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Condition 3: EWPT: Effective Potential

V T

eff() = V T=0 eff

() + T 4 2⇡2 [ X

scalars

JB(M2 T 2 ) + 3 X

gauge

JB( µ2 T 2 )

  • X

gauge

JB(⇠µ2 T 2 ) 4 X

fermions

nf

CJF (

m2

f

T 2 )]. ? ⇠: gauge-fixing parameter

Jing Shu | Oct 27, 2017 19 / 42

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SLIDE 39

Condition 3: EWPT: Analytical Treatment

V (, T) = D(T 2 T 2

0 )2 ET3 + (T)

4 4,

  • V

+2

  • 3

+4

⇠-independent

Jing Shu | Oct 27, 2017 20 / 42

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Condition 3: Incapability of first order EWPT in SM

Morrissey, Ramsey-Musolf, New Journal of Physics, 14,125003(2012) mH = 125.09 ± 0.21 ± 0.11GeV ! New Physics

Jing Shu | Oct 27, 2017 21 / 42

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SLIDE 41

Electroweak Baryogenesis: The Picture

T ⇡ 100GeV ⇡ 1015K

Gravitational Waves (mHz level), LISA, Taiji, TianQin, DECIGO

Jing Shu | Oct 27, 2017 22 / 42

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SLIDE 42

Diffusion

Diffusion enhances baryon asymmetry generation. (Cohen, Kaplan, Nelson, Phys.Lett.B336(1994)41) Non-Local vs Local Closed-Time-Path(CTP) Formalism (Riotto, PRD58 (1998) 095009, Lee, Cirigliano, Ramsey-Musolf,PRD71,075010(2005)) Resonant Enhancement

Jing Shu | Oct 27, 2017 23 / 42

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Transport Equations

@n @X0 + O ·~ j(X) =

  • Z

d3z Z X0

−∞

dz0Tr h Σ>(X, z)S<(z, X) S>(X, z)Σ<(z, X) + S<(X, z)Σ>(z, X) Σ<(X, z)S>(z, X) i

@µ jµ

i

= T 2 6 X

X

ΓX(µi + µj + · · · µk µl · · · ) + S /

CP i

@µnBµ = Θ(¯ z)Γws(15 4 nB + 3 nL ) nB is a constant in the broken phase

Jing Shu | Oct 27, 2017 24 / 42