Fiscal Year 2005 Transit Section Apportionments/Suballocation - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Fiscal Year 2005 Transit Section Apportionments/Suballocation

Surface Transportation Technical Committee

Michelle Bloomer North Central Texas Council of Governments April 1, 2005

Federal Transit Administration Transit Programs

SECTION PROGRAM NAME SELECT PROJECTS ELIGIBLE PROJECTS 5307 Urbanized Area Formula Program MPO Capital Operating 5309 Capital Program Congress Capital 5310 Elderly and Persons with Disabilities Program TxDOT Capital 5311 Non-Urbanized Area Formula Program TxDOT Capital Operating Administration 3037 Job Access/Reverse Commute Program Congress FTA Capital Operating

Transit Program Suballocation

Suballocated

Section 5307: Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington UZA

Historically 75/25 (+/- 1%) FY 2005 74/26 East + 3.4 M West + 1.6 M

No Suballocation

Section 5307: Denton-Lewisville UZA Section 5307: McKinney UZA Section 5309/3037

STP-MM Distribution 1 Metropolitan Area Boundary Allocation Fort Worth District = 31% Dallas District = 69% CMAQ Distribution 1, 2 Fort Worth District (Tarrant County) = 31% Dallas District (Collin, Dallas, Denton) = 69%

1 Approved by the RTC on August 14, 2003 2 Staff added portions of the four perimeter counties and confirmed the

69/31 split. (April 1, 2005)

TEXAS METROPOLITAN MOBILITY PLAN TEXAS METROPOLITAN MOBILITY PLAN EAST EAST-

• WEST FUNDING DISTRIBUTION

WEST FUNDING DISTRIBUTION

FY 2005 Apportionments

Section 5307 $ 60,430,399 Section 5309 $ 31,407,130* Section 3037 $ 297,378** $ 92,134,907

* Includes $10,871,191 in prior year unobligated balance. ** Prior year unobligated balance.

Section 5307 Urbanized Area Formula Program

Dallas-Fort Worth- $ 57,842,239 Arlington UZA Denton-Lewisville $ 1,978,536 UZA McKinney UZA $ 609,624 $ 60,430,399

Section 5307 Urbanized Area Formula Program

Areas Under 200,000

Population Population Density

Areas Over 200,000

Population Population Density Revenue Vehicle Miles Passenger Miles Operating Expenses Route Miles

Section 5307 Urbanized Area Formula Program

Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington UZA Eastern Subregion $ 42,971,561 (74%) Western Subregion $ 14,870,678 (26%) $ 57,842,239

Section 5307 Urbanized Area Formula Program

Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington UZA

Eastern Subregion Transit Providers 7 Projects 23 Federal Funds $43 M Western Subregion Transit Providers 5 Projects 12 Federal Funds $14.9 M

Section 5307 Urbanized Area Formula Program

Denton-Lewisville UZA

Transit Providers 1 Projects 6 Federal Funds $2.8 M

McKinney UZA

Transit Providers 1 Projects 3 Federal Funds $610,000

Section 5309 Capital Program

Eastern Subregion $ 26,782,966* Western Subregion $ 4,624,164** $ 31,407,130

* Includes $9,259,540 in prior year unobligated balance. ** Includes $1,611,651 in prior year unobligated balance.

Possible Action

If desired, recommend RTC approval

• f the suballocation of Section 5307

Program funds between the Eastern/Western Subregions in the Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington Urbanized Area.

Transportation Improvement Program (TIP) Modifications

Surface Transportation Technical Committee

LaDonna Smith North Central Texas Council of Governments April 1, 2005

Proposed Revisions

Modifications Types (Reference Items 3.1)

• Add projects to TIP and Statewide TIP (STIP)
• Change project scope
• Cost overruns (greater than 20% increase)
• Delete projects
• Change funding categories

Administrative Amendments

Modification Types (Reference Item 3.2)

• Add projects to TIP and STIP (TxDOT)
• Refine project scopes/change project name
• Change funding categories
• Reduce funds
• Cost overrun (less than 20% increase)

Modifications by Project Type

33 Transit 15 Traffic Signal/Intersection Improvements 9 Roadway 7 Study/Other 3 Intelligent Transportation System 3 Interchanges 3 Bicycle/Pedestrian & Joint Venture 2 Grade Separations/Bottleneck Removals 1 HOV

Summary

TIP Modifications Affect:

• 13 CMAQ Projects
• 22 STP-MM Projects
• 33 Transit Projects
• 14 TxDOT-selected Projects

Financial Impact

• Net Increase of $7.6 Million in STP-MM Funds
• Net Increase of $3 Million in CMAQ Funds
• Overall Impact is over $209.7 Million Increase

TIP Modification Deadlines

February 2005 STIP Revisions

• Anticipate federal approval in April 2005

May 2005 STIP Revisions

• Due in Austin on May 1, 2005
• Anticipate federal approval in early July 2005

Questions/Committee Action

For More Information Contact: LaDonna Smith at (817) 695-9254 lsmith@nctcog.org TIP Website: http://www.nctcog.org/trans/tip/

UPDATES TO THE METROPOLITAN TRANSPORTATION PLAN, MODIFICATIONS TO THE TRANSPORTATION IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM, AND RESULTING AIR QUALITY CONFORMITY IMPACTS

Surface Transportation Technical Committee April 1, 2005

North Central Texas Council of Governments Transportation Department www.nctcog.org/trans

METROPOLITAN TRANSPORTATION PLAN

Surface Transportation Technical Committee April 1, 2005

North Central Texas Council of Governments Transportation Department

I.2

I.3

I.4

I.5

I.6

I.7

I.8

I.9

I.10

$42.2 $5.8 $11.6 $1.5 $6.3 $1.0 $1.9 $5.7 $8.4 Revenue

(Billions/2004 $)

$5.7 Roadway Operation & Maintenance $2.8 $45.0 TOTAL $5.8 Regional Arterial and Local Thoroughfare System 2.01 $8.3 Rail and Bus Transit System $1.0 Bicycle & Pedestrian Facilities and Transportation Enhancements $1.9 Congestion Mitigation Strategies $8.4 Transit Operation & Maintenance $0.82 $12.4 Freeway and Toll Road System $1.5 HOV and Managed Facilities Revenue Initiative

(Billions/2004 $)

Costs

(Billions/2004 $)

Metropolitan Transportation System Components

MOBILITY 2025 - AMENDED APRIL 2005

Financial Constraint Summary

1 $2.0 billion to be obtained through Regional Transit Initiative 2 $0.8 billion to be obtained through future Partnership Programs I.11

TITLE VI ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE

Job Accessibility Performance Measures

Protected class populations are not adversely impacted compared to unprotected populations.

I.12

MOBILITY 2025 - AMENDED APRIL 2005

Environmental Justice

I.13

METROPOLITAN TRANSPORTATION PLAN

Contact Information Mailing Address: North Central Texas Council of Governments Transportation Department P.O. Box 5888 Arlington, TX 76005-5888 Michael Burbank (817) 695-9251 mburbank@nctcog.org

I.14

2006-2008 TRANSPORTATION IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM (TIP)

Surface Transportation Technical Committee April 1, 2005

Michael Morris North Central Texas Council of Governments

Draft Project Listings Provided on February 25, 2005 NCTCOG Staff Took Comments Until March 25, 2005 Revised Project Listings Provided on April 1, 2005 NCTCOG Staff Requesting STTC Recommendation for Approval to the RTC on April 1, 2005

2006-2008 TIP

Draft Project Listings

II.2

2006-2008 TIP

Funding Totals by Category

Total Cost Federal Share State Share Local Share (in millions) (in millions) (in millions) (in millions) TxDOT Dallas Categories* $2,095.99 $1,359.81 $ 339.95 $ 396.23 TxDOT Fort Worth Categories* $ 907.32 $ 725.76 $ 181.44 $ .12 RTC-Selected Categories $1,106.58 $ 692.62 $ 79.22 $ 334.75 Transit Projects $3,617.53 $ 442.64 $ 9.60 $ 3,165.29 Locally Funded, Regionally $ 881.63 $ 0.00 $ 0.00 $ 0.00 Significant Projects Statewide Project Codes (CSJs) $ 774.78 $ 542.21 $ 0.00 $ 0.00 $9,383.83 $3,763.04 $ 610.21 $3,896.39

DRAFT

*TxDOT and the RTC coordinate to select certain projects in TxDOT funding categories.

II.3

2006-2008 TIP PROJECT LISTINGS

TxDOT – Dallas District

Total Number of TxDOT Dallas Projects 75 projects Total Costs of TxDOT Dallas Projects $2,095.9 million Total Projects/Costs by Project Type (in millions):

Addition of Lanes/New Roadway 42 projects $ 1,942.6 Alternative Fuels 0 projects $ 0.0 Bike/Pedestrian 0 projects $ 0.0 Bottleneck Removal/Grade Separation 7 projects $ 12.9 Enhancements 2 projects $ 1.7 HOV 1 project $ 1.8 Interchange 5 projects $ 42.2 Intelligent Transportation Systems 0 projects $ 0.0 Rail Transit 0 projects $ 0.0 Rehabilitation/Safety 13 projects $ 89.8 Traffic Signal/Intersection Improvements 5 projects $ 4.8 Travel Demand Management 0 projects $ 0.0 Special Studies 0 projects $ 0.0

II.4

2006-2008 TIP PROJECT LISTINGS

TxDOT – Fort Worth District

Total Number of TxDOT Fort Worth Projects 33 projects Total Costs of TxDOT Fort Worth Projects $907.3 million Total Projects/Costs by Project Type (in millions):

Addition of Lanes/New Roadway 16 projects $ 872.9 Alternative Fuels 0 projects $ 0.0 Bike/Pedestrian 5 projects $ 5.2 Bottleneck Removal/Grade Separation 3 projects $ 5.9 Enhancements 0 projects $ 0.0 HOV 1 project $ 10.6 Interchanges 0 projects $ 0.0 Intelligent Transportation Systems 0 projects $ 0.0 Rail Transit 0 projects $ 0.0 Rehabilitation/Safety 2 projects $ 9.5 Traffic Signal/Intersection Improvements 6 projects $ 3.3 Travel Demand Management 0 projects $ 0.0 Special Studies 0 projects $ 0.0

II.5

Total Number of MPO-Selected Projects 266 projects Total Costs of MPO-Selected Projects $1,106.6 million Total Projects/Costs by Project Type (in millions):

Addition of Lanes/New Roadway 66 projects $ 550.3 Alternative Fuels 4 projects $ 5.2 Bike/Pedestrian 18 projects $ 28.0 Bottleneck Removal/Grade Separation 10 projects $ 114.9 Enhancements 0 projects $ 0.0 HOV 7 projects $ 67.3 Interchanges 1 projects $ 0.4 Intelligent Transportation Systems 15 projects $ 27.6 Bus/Rail Transit 12 projects $ 109.4 Rehabilitation/Safety 4 projects $ 1.1 Traffic/Intersection Signal Improvements 104 projects $ 160.2 Travel Demand Management 8 projects $ 28.3 Special Studies 17 projects $ 13.9

2006-2008 TIP PROJECT LISTINGS

MPO-Selected (CMAQ/STP-MM)

II.6

2006-2008 TIP PROJECT LISTINGS

Transit Projects

Total Number of Transit Projects 224 projects Total Costs of Transit Projects $ 3,617.4 million Total Projects/Costs by Project Type (in millions):

Administration 21 projects $ 4.8 Capital 152 projects $ 3,583.4 Operating 47 projects $ 28.9 Planning 4 projects $ 0.3

II.7

February 25, 2005 Draft Listings - STTC Information March 10, 2005 Draft Listings - RTC Information March 14-16, 2005 Public Meetings March 25, 2005 STTC/RTC Comments Due April 1, 2005 Final Document - STTC Action April 15, 2005 Final Document - RTC Action May 2, 2005 Final Document to TxDOT Austin (for STIP) July 2005 TxDOT Commission Approval (for STIP) October 2005 Anticipate Federal/State Approval (STIP)

2006-2008 TIP

Timeline/Action Table

II.8

2006-2008 TRANSPORTATION IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM (TIP)

Contact Information

http://www.nctcog.org/trans/tip

II.9

Christie Jestis (817) 608-2338 cjestis@nctcog.org Mailing Address: North Central Texas Council of Governments Transportation Department P.O. Box 5888 Arlington, TX 76005-5888

TRANSPORTATION CONFORMITY

Surface Transportation Technical Committee April 1, 2005

David B. Jodray North Central Texas Council of Governments

TRANSPORTATION CONFORMITY

8-Hour Ozone Nonattainment Area*

*April 15, 2004 – EPA designated nine North Central Texas Counties nonattainment for Ozone (8-Hour Ozone Standard) Metropolitan Planning Area 8-hour Ozone Nonattainment Area

III.2

TRANSPORTATION CONFORMITY

Nine-County Results

* Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport

Memorandum of Agreement (1.17 tpd)

Nitrogen Oxide Emissions from Motor Vehicles

194.12 143.79 70.22 36.81 349.87

50 100 150 200 250 300 350 2002 2007 2010 2015* 2025

analysis year tons per day

Proposed 5% Increment of Progress Plan NOx Emission Budget = 195.55 tons/day Regional Transportation Council Initiatives

Not to Scale III.3

TRANSPORTATION CONFORMITY

Nine-County Results

* Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport

Memorandum of Agreement (0.26 tpd)

Volatile Organic Compound Emissions from Motor Vehicles

100.01 82.66 60.24 45.19 161.42

50 100 150 200 250 300 350 2002 2007 2010 2015* 2025

analysis year tons per day

Proposed 5% Increment of Progress Plan VOC Emission Budget = 107.82 tons/day Regional Transportation Council Initiatives

Not to Scale III.4

TRANSPORTATION CONFORMITY

Schedule

November, 2004 - Public Meetings (Orientation) January, 2005 - Public Meetings (Status Report) February 25, 2005 - STTC (Information Item) March 10, 2005 - RTC (Information Item) March 14-18, 2005 - Public Meetings (Conformity Findings) April 1, 2005 - STTC (Action Item) April 14, 2005 - RTC (Action Item-Resolution) June 15, 2005 - Conformity Determination

III.5

TRANSPORTATION CONFORMITY

Contact Information Mailing Address: North Central Texas Council of Governments Transportation Department P.O. Box 5888 Arlington, TX 76005-5888 David Jodray (817) 695-9207 djodray@nctcog.org Chad Edwards (817) 608-2358 cedwards@nctcog.org

III.6

THOROUGHFARE ASSESSMENT PROGRAM PHASE 3

Surface Transportation Technical Committee

April 1, 2005 Natalie Bettger Transportation Department

Presentation Overview

Goal Status of Phase 2 Parts to Phase 3 Survey Questions Survey Results Recommendation to Proceed

Project Goal

Maximize capacity of existing system by improving traffic operations through signal retiming and implementation of low-cost

• perational improvements along selected

corridors.

Project Layout

Completed 49 Signals Pilot Phase March 2006 446 Signals Phase 2 August 2007 300 Signals Part I August 2007 1800 Signals Part II Phase 3 Thoroughfare Assessment Program

Project Overview - Phase 2

Phase 2

Started in January 2003 Pilot Phase Completed in November 2003 Working on Production Corridors Project Duration: 40 Months Funds Available: 6.24 Million 446 Intersections

Project Overview - Phase 3

Phase 3

Funds Available: 10.39 Million Estimated Start June 2005 Estimated Completion June 2007 ~ 22 Months 2,100 Intersections

Phase 3 Overview

Two Parts

Part I: Continuation of Phase 2, which Includes Signal Retiming and Implementation of Low-Cost Operational Improvements ~300 Intersections Part II: Includes Signal Retiming Only ~1,800 Intersections

Survey Question 1

When your agency implements signal retiming projects, do you

a.

Perform this work with your staff?

b.

Hire a consultant to perform this work?

Survey Questions 2

If NCTCOG were to provide your agency with funds to retime signals within your jurisdiction by June 2007, could your agency implement this work with your own staff?

• a. Yes, our agency has the time and staff

resources to implement signal-retiming work within the specified timeframe.

• b. No, our agency does not have time or staff

resources to implement signal-retiming work within the set timeframe and would need to hire a consultant to complete this work or request NCTCOG to hire the services directly.

Survey Results – Question 1

Perform work with staff resources.

30.7 Percent

Perform signal work through consultant.

57.6 Percent

Perform signal work through both staff resources and consultant.

11.7 Percent

Survey Results – Question 2

If NCTCOG were to provide your agency with funds to retime signals within your jurisdiction by June 2007, could your agency implement this work with your own staff? Perform work with staff resources.

36.4 Percent

Perform signal work through consultant.

63.6 Percent

Options to Proceed

1.

NCTCOG hires a consultant(s) to perform the work.

2.

NCTCOG provides funding to agencies to complete the work with staff resources.

3.

NCTCOG provides funding to agencies to hire a consultant to complete the work.

Recommendation to Proceed

1.

NCTCOG hires a consultant(s) to perform the work. Or

2.

NCTCOG provides funding to agencies to complete the work with staff resources.

AirCheck Texas Repair and Replacement Assistance Program Surface Transportation Technical Committee April 1, 2005

Transportation Department North Central Texas Council of Governments

Participating Recognized Emission Repair Facilities 166 166 Phone Calls Received at Toll-Free Hotline 1,800 21,900 Number of Applicants 901 9,338 Applicants Denied Based on Vehicle Requirements 98 1,034 Applicants Denied Based on Income Requirements 7 139 Applications Currently Being Processed 68 178 Vehicles Diagnosed and Repaired 691 7,607 Vehicles Retired and Replaced 37 380 Overall Quarter 2 FY 2005

October 28, 2002 – March 25, 2005

AirCheck Texas Highlights

Applicants by Zip Code

Source: NCTCOG, 2005

Ellis Collin Dallas Parker Denton Tarrant Kaufman Johnson Rockwall

Number of Applicants by Zip Code 0 - 5 6 - 13 14 - 22 23 - 31 32 - 40 41 - 49 50 - 70 71 - 88 89 - 120 121 - 153 Highways Program Area

Legend

N 3 3 6 9 12 Miles

Advertising Effects

Average weekly application rate is 69 applications per week. February and early March advertising increased average weekly application rate to 94 applications per week with some weeks receiving nearly 120 applications. There were approximately 400 calls to the toll free line during the first week of March after advertising ran. In April 2005 advertising will include print ads, inserts and sticky notes.

Replacement Growth

10 20 30 40 50 60 Quarter 1 Quarter 2 Quarter 3 Quarter 4 Quarters Number of Replacements

Fiscal Year 2003 Fiscal Year 2004 Fiscal Year 2005

Sep, Oct, Nov Dec, Jan, Feb Mar, Apr, May Jun, Jul, Aug

Source: NCTCOG, 2005

Number of Vehicles Retired and Replaced Fiscal Year 2003 – Fiscal Year 2005

Legislative Update

Allow Program to abide by the administrative definition outlined by the Unified Grant Management Standards (UGMS) for State agencies Reduce two year vehicle registration requirement to twelve (12) months Allow excess Program dollars to be used to enhance other high emitting vehicle programs in the region from which the money was collected and also supplement the Texas Emissions Reduction Plan (TERP) Pilot diesel inspection and maintenance program for the Dallas/Fort Worth region

Dallas Dallas Dallas -

• Fort Worth Regional ITS Architecture

Fort Worth Regional ITS Architecture Fort Worth Regional ITS Architecture

DEVELOPMENT OF THE NORTH TEXAS REGIONAL ITS ARCHITECTURE

Surface Transportation Technical Committee

April 1, 2005

Natalie Bettger North Central Texas Council of Governments

North Texas Regional ITS Architecture North Texas Regional ITS Architecture North Texas Regional ITS Architecture

FHWA Requirement

In January 2001, the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) issued a final rule to implement section 5206 (e) of the Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century (TEA-21), which required projects funded through the highway trust fund to conform to the National/Regional ITS Architecture and applicable standards.

North Texas Regional ITS Architecture North Texas Regional ITS Architecture North Texas Regional ITS Architecture

Architecture Deadline and Vehicle of Response

Deadline

Federal Rule Requires Statement by April 2005

Vehicle of Response

Interactive Document via the Internet http://nortex-its.org/Architecture/ArchHome.htm

North Texas Regional ITS Architecture North Texas Regional ITS Architecture North Texas Regional ITS Architecture

Summary of Regional ITS Architecture

Item 8: The sequence of projects required for implementation Item 7: Identification of ITS standard Item 6: Interface requirements and information exchanges Item 5: System functional requirements Item 4: Any agreements Item 3: An operational concept that identifies the roles and responsibilities Item 2: Identification of participating agencies and other stakeholders Item 1: A description of the region Regional ITS Architecture Requirements

North Texas Regional ITS Architecture North Texas Regional ITS Architecture North Texas Regional ITS Architecture

Item 1 Description of Region

North Texas Regional ITS Architecture North Texas Regional ITS Architecture North Texas Regional ITS Architecture

Items 2, 3, 5 and 6

Regional Stakeholders

~ 170 Stakeholder

Group Approach

Emergency Management Freeway Management Planning and Coordination Public Transportation Tier 1 and Tier 2 Cities Toll Administration

Market Package Drawings

North Texas Regional ITS Architecture North Texas Regional ITS Architecture North Texas Regional ITS Architecture

Market Package

A market package is a transportation service. Purpose:

Identify Stakeholders Identify the Information to Exchange Identify the Roles and Responsibilities of Each Stakeholder

North Texas Regional ITS Architecture North Texas Regional ITS Architecture North Texas Regional ITS Architecture

Market Package Drawings

ATMS04 – Freeway Control

Traffic Management

traffic flow + traffic images traffic sensor control + video surveillance control

TMC Freeway Management

roadway equipment coordination Other Roadway freeway control status

Roadway

Traffic Maintenance Roadway Freeway Control

traffic operator inputs traffic operator data Traffic Operations Personnel

Roadway Equipment Coordination

freeway control data Driver Traffic traffic characteristics driver information

Roadway Basic Surveillance Collect Traffic Surveillance

Equipment Packages Group like processes of a particular subsystem into an implement able package. Architecture Flows Information that is exchanged between subsystems and terminators. Subsystems Type of system sending or receiving architecture flows. Terminators People, systems, and general environment that interface to ITS.

North Texas Regional ITS Architecture North Texas Regional ITS Architecture North Texas Regional ITS Architecture

Item 7 – Identification of ITS Standards

Develop Interoperability Among Systems

Set of Technical Specifications Guidance to Exchange Information

Committed to Deploying Mature ITS Standards

Center-to-Center Center-to-Field

North Texas Regional ITS Architecture North Texas Regional ITS Architecture North Texas Regional ITS Architecture

Item 8 – Sequence of Projects

Prioritization Based on Regional Goals

Reduce the Impacts of Recurring Congestion- Reduce the Impacts of Non-Recurring Congestion Caused by Incident Improve the Overall Safety of the Transportation System Enhance Access and Operation of High- Occupancy Modes of Travel Dependency of the Deployment of Other Selected Transportation Services

North Texas Regional ITS Architecture North Texas Regional ITS Architecture North Texas Regional ITS Architecture

Conclusion

Request Review of Internet Site

Dynamic Product

Updating Guidance for Project-Level ITS Statements

User-friendly format Linked to Architecture

Thank you for your help!

Cedar Ridge (Duncanville) to IH 45 (Dallas) Hulen Street (Fort Worth) to Collins Street (Arlington)

±

All freeway/tollway corridors require additional study for capacity, geometric, and safety improvements related to truck operations. The Truck Lane Demonstration Corridor project is a regional pilot program to determine and compare the feasibility, impacts, and effectiveness of: 1) Restricting trucks to operating only in certain lanes in the corridor 2) Providing exclusive dedicated truck lanes through the corridors and on adjoining access/egress lanes and ramps Results will be implemented as applicable to specific corridors region wide.

Truck Lane Demonstration Corridor Project

Dallas District: I.H. 20 corridor, Dallas/Tarrant County line to I.H. 635/I.H. 30 interchange Fort Worth District: I.H 30 corridor, I.H. 820(west) to Dallas/Tarrant County line

North Central Texas Council of Governments Transportation

The Metropolitan Transportation Plan, Amended April 2005

Mobility 2025:

A m I e % & n ( % & m ( K § ! " h $ K x ! " a $ I m ! " c $ I i A m ! " d $ % & n ( % & m ( % & k ( % & k ( " d A î ! " a $ ? b A Ï A ½ K §I n A Ã A Ù ! " c $ ! " a $ ? b A ¼ K § A m % & l ( % & l ( A d A m K ª