Fins de vie des Bioplastiques : Biodgradation, recyclage Colloque - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Fins de vie des Bioplastiques : Biodégradation, recyclage … Colloque National sur la « Recyclabilité des matières plastiques » @ Strasbourg, 16 Mars 2016 Pr. Luc Avérous BioTeam ICPEES – UMR CNRS 7515 ECPM : École Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux (ECPM) Université de Strasbourg (UniStra) email : luc.averous@unistra.fr Website : www.BIODEG.NET Twitter : LucAverous

BioTeam Members (20): Ø Staff (3): • Pr. Luc Avérous (BioTeam leader) • Dr. Eric Pollet (A/Prof.) • Pr. Jean Marc Jeltsch (Vice-President UniStra) Ø Researchers: Ø Post-Doct. (3): • Dr . Zarah Walsh (European Project SYNPOL, 2015/2016) • Dr . Chengcheng Gao (ANR, 2015/2016) • Dr . Antoine Duval (European Project SYNPOL, 2015-2016) Ø PhD Students (7): • Stéphane Duchiron (Company, 2012-2016) • Marie Reulier (CIFRE. 2012-2016) • Thibaud Debuissy (European Project SYNPOL, 2013-2016) • Amparo Jimenez-Quero (Government, 2013-2016) • Pierre Furtwengler (Companies, 2014-3017) • Pietro Bueno (Luxembourg FRC, 2014-2017) • Audrey Magnin (European Project P4SB, 2015-2018) … + Masters and invited researchers BioTeam

General Topic (BioTeam): ► Biobased and/or Biodegradable Polymers, for Environmental and Biomedical Applications. Springer 2012 Wiley 2016

Biorefinery from different Biomasses Polyesters: PHAs, PLA … Extraction Fermentation Fatty acids (TG) Plants Micro-algae Biobased Starch Thermosets Fractionation or Mushroom, Thermoplastics Thermoplastic crustaceans … Polysaccharides Chitin. Chitosan Lignins. Tannins Clay Ligno-cellulose BioMaterials Nano-Biocomposites (Fibers) … Biocomposites

► Integration. from the biomass to final objects BioTeam Integration « Biochemistry/Chemistry & Process » Bio- Chemical Formulation Production Synthesis Process Characterization Biomass : Final Objects: Triglycerides, For automotive, Ligno-cellulose, Building, Textile, Tannins, Packaging, Starch, Agriculture, Chitin,

3 Main Thematics Biodegradable Polymers Materials ( short-term applications & biomedical) : Thermoplastic starch, thermoplastic chitosan, • Bio(co)polyesters: PLA, PCL, PHAs, PBSA, PBS, PBAT ... • Synthesis by Enzymatic Catalysis of biopolyesters (eROP , polycondensation, ) • Biosynthesis of building blocks (Liquid and Solid fermentations) towards polymers • elaboration. Biobased and Durable Polymers Materials (long-term applications) : New Vegetable oil-based polymers (from fatty acid, dimer …) • New aromatic macromolecular architectures, based on lignins and tannins, • Novative Biobased TPU, PU, NIPU & PA. • Specific Biomedical Developments: • Wound dressings, • Tissue Engineering, scaffolds developed by electrospinning, • Biosensors, Drug Release ... 6

Academic international collaborations:

Funding – Cooperation - Partners Companies: Institutions, Academics: SYNPOL P4SB

Fins de vie des Bioplastiques : Biodégradation, recyclage … Colloque National sur la « Recyclabilité des matières plastiques » @ Strasbourg, 16 Mars 2016 Pr. Luc Avérous BioTeam ICPEES – UMR CNRS 7515 ECPM : École Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux (ECPM) Université de Strasbourg (UniStra) email : luc.averous@unistra.fr Website : www.BIODEG.NET Twitter : LucAverous

Some definitions … Pr. Luc Avérous BioTeam ICPEES – UMR CNRS 7515 ECPM : École Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux (ECPM) Université de Strasbourg (UniStra) email : luc.averous@unistra.fr Website : www.BIODEG.NET Twitter : LucAverous

Biobased, Biodegradable ? § Biobased or biomass or renewably sourced plastics/materials/products terms can be used interchangeably but they are not necessarily biodegradable § Beginning of life – replacement of petro/fossil carbon with bio- renewable carbon § Biodegradable plastics are not necessarily biobased or renewably sourced § End-of-life – what happens after use e.g., Specifications for environmental applications: > Biodegradability under composting conditions: • Specification Standards EN 13432 (European Norm) • Specification Standards ASTM D6400, D6868 (coatings) • Specification Standards ISO 17088 (International Standard) > Biodegradability under marine conditions: • Specification Standard D 7021 … 11

Biobased, Biodegradable ? § Biobased or biomass or renewably sourced plastics/materials/products terms can be used interchangeably but they are not necessarily biodegradable § Beginning of life – replacement of petro/fossil carbon with bio- renewable carbon § Biodegradable plastics are not necessarily biobased or renewably sourced § End-of-life – what happens after use e.g., Specifications for environmental applications: > Biodegradability under composting conditions: • Specification Standards EN 13432 (European Norm) • Specification Standards ASTM D6400, D6868 (coatings) • Specification Standards ISO 17088 (International Standard) > Biodegradability under marine conditions: • Specification Standard D 7021 … 12

EN 13432 The European Standard EN13432 "Requirements for packaging recoverable through composting and biodegradation -T esting scheme and evaluation criteria for the final acceptance of packaging“ defines the characteristics that a material must have, in order to be defined as "compostable". This norm is a reference point for material manufacturers, public authorities, composters and consumers. 13

Another definitions: § BIOPLASTICS : “Industrial” term used to qualify biobased and/or biodegradable (environment) polymers. (e.g., PLA, PA11, PCL …) 14

Bioplastics : The market Pr. Luc Avérous BioTeam ICPEES – UMR CNRS 7515 ECPM : École Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux (ECPM) Université de Strasbourg (UniStra) email : luc.averous@unistra.fr Website : www.BIODEG.NET Twitter : LucAverous

Worlwide Bioplastics – Trends Some indicators: Growth: 10-20 % / year Market: 1 Billion $/year Europe Europe: 16

The case of PLA Pr. Luc Avérous BioTeam ICPEES – UMR CNRS 7515 ECPM : École Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux (ECPM) Université de Strasbourg (UniStra) email : luc.averous@unistra.fr Website : www.BIODEG.NET Twitter : LucAverous

Biobased and Biodegradable Polymers The PLA Production: A trend 18

Biobased and Biodegradable Polymers Main PLA Applications • Packaging (trays, bags, cups…) • Textile, • Agricultural products (mulch film, planting pots, clips) • Automotive, • Building … • Catering (forks, knifes, plates, …), • Leisure, • Hygiene, • Biomedical, … 19

Biobased and Biodegradable Polymers Biodegradation of PLA 20

Biobased and Biodegradable Polymers Choice of the End of Life The judge = LCA • Biodegradation / Compost • Recycling (thermal…)

Biobased and Biodegradable Polymers PLA recycling • LOOPLA Process = Chem. Recycling With contamination ….

Strasbourg (Alsace-France) www.biodeg.NET Luc.averous@unistra.fr