Feedlot health management D.U. Thomson, Ph.D., D.V.M. Kansas State - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Feedlot health management D.U. Thomson, Ph.D., D.V.M. Kansas State - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Oct 23, 2022 112 likes •573 views

Feedlot health management D.U. Thomson, Ph.D., D.V.M. Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine Why do cattle get sick? Overwhelming dose of pathogen Compromised immune system This causes morbidity! Common Diseases of

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Feedlot health management

D.U. Thomson, Ph.D., D.V.M. Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine

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Why do cattle get sick?

 Overwhelming dose of pathogen  Compromised immune system  This causes morbidity!

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Common Diseases of Feedyard Cattle

 Respiratory Disease

16.2%

 Digestive Disorders

4.3%

 Atypical Interstitial Pneumonia

2.8%

 Bullers

2.8%

 Lameness

1.8%

 Central Nervous System

1.1%

NAHMS 2011

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“WHICH WAY DID HE GO?

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DART

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How do you cover the pens?

 Serpentine fashion  Get all the cattle up  Cattle will hide at the feed bunk

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Water tank Feedbunk

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Hay and pen riding

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Normals

Normal Rectal temperature 101.5 to 103.5 Respiration rates 10 to 40 breaths per minute Heart rates 60 to 80 beats per minute Rumen contractions 1 to 2 contractions per minute

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What does this mean?

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Common treatment questions

 Work with your veterinarian!  Single or combination antimicrobials?  How long to I wait to treat again?  Route of delivery and speed to infection?  What about ancillary therapy?

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Papillae from the ventral floor of the cranial sac

Calf fed long alfalfa hay + concentrates.

Effects of Diet on Ruminal Papillary Development

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Calf fed concentrates only

Effects of Diet on Ruminal Papillary Development

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Rumen acidosis

 What are the main causes

 Rapid intake of a soluble carbohydrate  Improper diet change  Environmental reasons

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Clinical signs of acidosis

 Sudden death  Anorexia  Depressed  Can have CNS signs

 Impaired thiamine production

 Increased respiratory rates  Dehydration  Diarrhea

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Clinical signs of subacute acidosis

 Cattle go off feed for a couple of days  Decreased performance  Feed left in bunk

 Ahead the cattle

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Treatment of acidosis

 Subacute cases

 Hospital stay with good grass hay in bunk

 Acute cases

 Tube with 500 grams of sodium bicarbonate in water  Rumen evacuation (drastic)

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Sequela to acidosis

 Bloat

 Decrease in rumen motility  Decrease in eructation

 Types of bloat

 Free gas - concentrates  Frothy – wheat pasture

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Taken from Diseases and Disorders of Cattle, Blowey and Weaver

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Treatment of bloat

 Free gas

 Pass tube and let down  Put on hay  Three strikes and they’re out  Fistula

 Frothy bloat

 Therabloat

 Breaks up surface tension of froth

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Emergency treatment of bloat

 Bloat needle, knife (lock blade)  Stick cattle high on left paralumbar fossa  Do not let cattle lay down

 If they go down they die very quickly

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Taken from Diseases and Disorders of Cattle, Blowey and Weaver Puncture here

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Lameness

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Prevention is the key

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Factors Infectious causes(%) Non-infectious causes(%)

Pen condition

85.0 57.8

Pen surface

56.5 41.5

Weather patterns

45.6 19.7

Cattle Handling (prior to arrival)

34.7 63.9

Cattle Handling (post arrival)

28.6 37.3

Nutrition

27.9 25.2

Cattle temperament

23.8 65.3

Cattle type

15.6 11.6

Insufficient preconditioning

12.9 8.8

Breed

9.5 8.2

Cattle age

4.8 6.8

Terrel et.al Bov. Prac. Vol 48 No. 1 pp 53-60

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Taken from Diseases and Disorders of Cattle, Blowey and Weaver

Footrot

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Toe/Sole Abscess

Taken from Diseases and Disorders of Cattle, Blowey and Weaver

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Moving Downer Cattle

Unacceptable Transportation Methods:

  • Dragging
  • Lifting with chains

Acceptable Transportation Methods:

  • Sled
  • Low-boy trailer
  • Bucket of a loader
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Prognosis

 Alert downer verses moribund  Animal husbandry

 Shelter, hay and water  24 to 36 hours to show improvement  Roll every 6 to 12 hours to prevent

compartmentalization

 Humane euthanasia

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Care of Downer Cattle

Keys to Proper Care

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Thank you, any questions?