Extra Dimensions in Atmospheric Neutrinos O. L. G. Peres 1 1 1 - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Extra Dimensions in Atmospheric Neutrinos O. L. G. Peres 1 1 1 - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Extra Dimensions in Atmospheric Neutrinos O. L. G. Peres 1 1 1 Instituto de Fisica Gleb Wataghin UNICAMP 01 of June of 2018 Advanced Workshop on Physics of Atmospheric Neutrinos - PANE 2018 1 In collaboration with Arman Esmaili and Zahra Tabrizi

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Extra Dimensions in Atmospheric Neutrinos

  • O. L. G. Peres11

1Instituto de Fisica Gleb Wataghin

UNICAMP

01 of June of 2018 Advanced Workshop on Physics of Atmospheric Neutrinos - PANE 2018

1In collaboration with Arman Esmaili and Zahra Tabrizi Orlando Luis Goulart Peres Extra Dimensions in Atmospheric Neutrinos

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Neutrino Oscillations

In the latest years there are stronger evidences for neutrino

  • scillation
  • Super-Kamiokande Experiment

SNO experiment All evidences point to non-zero neutrino masses: Nobel prize in 2015!!

Orlando Luis Goulart Peres Extra Dimensions in Atmospheric Neutrinos

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Oscillation discover in other expts

2008: KamLand experiment

(km/MeV)

e

ν

/E L 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 Survival Probability 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1

e

ν Data - BG - Geo best-fit oscillation ν 3- best-fit oscillation ν 2-

[GeV] )

ν

( L[km] / E

10

log 1 2 3 4 Events 20 40 60

µ

ν

  • Atmos. contained-vertex

37.88 kton-years

µ

ν

[GeV] )

µ

( L[km] / E

10

log 1 2 3 4 Events 10 20 30

  • µ
  • Atmos. non-fiducial

µ

ν

[GeV] )

ν

( L[km] / E

10

log 1 2 3 4 Events 10 20 30

µ

ν

  • Atmos. contained-vertex

µ

ν

[GeV] )

µ

( L[km] / E

10

log 1 2 3 4 Events 5 10 15 20 25

+ µ

  • Atmos. non-fiducial

µ

ν

Neutrino Energy (GeV) Events / GeV 100 200 300 400 500 600 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

  • dominated beam

µ

ν POT

20

10 × 10.71

µ

ν contained-vertex

µ

ν

MINOS data Best fit oscillations No oscillations NC background Cosmic-ray muons Neutrino Energy (GeV)

Events / GeV 20 40 60 80 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

  • enhanced beam

µ

ν POT

20

10 × 3.36

µ

ν contained-vertex

µ

ν

Neutrino Energy (GeV) Events / GeV 5 10 15 20 25 30 5 10 15 20 25

  • dominated beam

µ

ν

µ

ν contained-vertex

µ

ν

Muon Energy (GeV) Events / GeV 200 400 600 800 2 4 6 9 15

  • dominated beam

µ

ν µ non-fiducial

µ

ν

MINOS experiment: UFG/USP/UNICAMP Double CHOOZ: UNICAMP/UFABC/CBPF

Orlando Luis Goulart Peres Extra Dimensions in Atmospheric Neutrinos

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Sterile neutrino :hiccups or new particle?

LSND, Mini-BooNE (2018) and Reactor anomaly

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 L/E [meters/MeV] 0.005 0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 Appearance Probability

best fit ν mode: 12.84 × 1020 POT ¯ ν mode: 11.27 × 1020 POT LSND

Orlando Luis Goulart Peres Extra Dimensions in Atmospheric Neutrinos

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Large extra dimension model

  • Proposed by Arkani-Hamed, Savas Dimopoulos and Dvali (ADD)
  • Gauss law: V ∼

m1m2 M δ+2

D

Rδ

EDr = m1m2

MPlr Constrains from 1/r tests RED > 1 mm

Orlando Luis Goulart Peres Extra Dimensions in Atmospheric Neutrinos

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Large extra dimension model

Compactification: explanation of smallness of gravity: ∝ 1 VED ∝ 1 RED One of extra dimensions have RED much greater then the other dimensions (5D) .

Orlando Luis Goulart Peres Extra Dimensions in Atmospheric Neutrinos

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Neutrino in Large Extra Dimension Models

Si =

  • d4x dy iΨiΓA∂AΨi +
  • d4x [i¯

νiL ∂νiL + λijh¯ νiLψjR(x, y = 0)]

  • Fourier modes: infinite number of states

Smallness of neutrino mass: mν ∝ λij RED ∼ 1eV

Orlando Luis Goulart Peres Extra Dimensions in Atmospheric Neutrinos

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Neutrino in Large Extra Dimension Models

Si =

  • d4x dy iΨiΓA∂AΨi +
  • d4x [i¯

νiL ∂νiL + λijh¯ νiLψjR(x, y = 0)]

Mass terms

∞

  • n=−∞

mD

i ¯

νiLψ(n)

iR + ∞

  • n=1

n RED

  • ψ(n)

iL ψ(n) iR − ψ(−n) iL

ψ(−n)

iR

  • + h.c.,

Mi = lim

n→∞

       mD

i

√ 2mD

i

√ 2mD

i

√ 2mD

i

. . . √ 2mD

i

1/RED . . . 2/RED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . · · · n/RED        .

Only two free parameters mD

i and RED. Orlando Luis Goulart Peres Extra Dimensions in Atmospheric Neutrinos

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Neutrino in Large Extra Dimension Models

Depending on radius we can have oscillation on short and long scale 1 R2 >> ∆m2

31

1 R2 ∼ ∆m2

31

Flavor neutrinos

Orlando Luis Goulart Peres Extra Dimensions in Atmospheric Neutrinos

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Neutrino in Large Extra Dimension Models

The flavor eigenstates are written as

ναL = 3

i=1 Uαiν(0) iL = 3 i=1 Uαi

∞

n=0 S0n i ν′(n) iL

, (α = e, µ, τ),

The eigenvalues are solution of

λ(n)

i

− π

  • mD

i RED

2 cot

  • πλ(n)

i

  • = 0.

with solution

m(n)

i

= λ(n)

i

RED ≃ n RED ,

(n = 0, 1, · · · ),

  • If ∆m2

31 = m2 3 − m2 1 ∼

n2 R2

ED

: Stronger changes in neutrino oscillation

  • If the radius RED is larger also stronger non-unitarity effects

Uαi → UαiS0n

i Orlando Luis Goulart Peres Extra Dimensions in Atmospheric Neutrinos

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Matter effects for sterile ν

  • H. Nunokawa, O.L.G.P

. and R. Zukanovich Funchal. Phys.Lett. B562 (2003) − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − → Stronger muon disappearance. Also: A. Nicolaidis, et al. hep-ph/9904415 and Osamu Yasuda, hep-ph/0102166 Stronger bound on |Uµ4|2, A. Esmaili, F. Halzen and O.L.G.P . JCAP 1211, 041(2012)

Orlando Luis Goulart Peres Extra Dimensions in Atmospheric Neutrinos

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Matter effects in Large extra dimensions

F

  • r

n e u t r i n

  • s

− − − − − →

Mass eigenstates

− − − →

Matter potential in mass basis For anti-neutrinos: V µ < 0 then νµ → νs transition

Orlando Luis Goulart Peres Extra Dimensions in Atmospheric Neutrinos

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Matter effects in Large extra dimensions

∆m2 ∼ 1 R2 ∼ 0.16eV2 sin2 θ ∼ (mR)2 ∼ 2.5 × 10−2

Orlando Luis Goulart Peres Extra Dimensions in Atmospheric Neutrinos

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ICECUBE experiment

Orlando Luis Goulart Peres Extra Dimensions in Atmospheric Neutrinos

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Constrains on large extra dimensions

χ2 analysis of muon disaepparance data of ICECUBE

1 eV−1 5 eV−1

Our result ← − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − Variables: mlightest and RED

Orlando Luis Goulart Peres Extra Dimensions in Atmospheric Neutrinos

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Constrains on large extra dimensions

χ2 analysis of muon disaepparance data of ICECUBE

1 eV−1 5 eV−1

← − − − − − ← − − − − − − − − − − ← − − − − − − − − − − −

e x c l u d e d b y c

  • s

m

  • l
  • g

y

← − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − Our result

Reactor anomaly, sterile ν: Machado, Nunokawa and Zukanovich Orlando Luis Goulart Peres Extra Dimensions in Atmospheric Neutrinos

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Test in longbaseline experiments: DUNE

Measure µ (e) events: Test of P(νµ → νµ)(P(¯ νµ → ¯ νµ) and P(νµ → νe)( P(¯ νµ → ¯ νe))

Orlando Luis Goulart Peres Extra Dimensions in Atmospheric Neutrinos

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Constrains on large extra dimensions

10−2 10−1 1 10 1/RED [eV] 10−2 10−1 1 10 m0 [eV] DUNE (Expected) IC−40 IC−79 T2K/Daya Bay KATRIN (Expected) Reactor/Gallium Σim (0)

i

=0.25 eV

Orlando Luis Goulart Peres Extra Dimensions in Atmospheric Neutrinos

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Constrains on large extra dimensions

10−2 10−1 1 10 1/RED [eV] 10−2 10−1 1 10 m0 [eV] DUNE (Expected) IC−40 IC−79 T2K/Daya Bay KATRIN (Expected) Reactor/Gallium Σim (0)

i

=0.25 eV

IC-40/IC-79: ICECUBE analysis by O. L. G. P ., Esmaili and Tabrizi (USP)

− − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − →

E X C L U D E D Cosmology excluded

KATRIN sensitivity: neutrino mass!!

− − − − − →

Solution for sterile ν anomalies Machado, Nunokawa and Funchal

Orlando Luis Goulart Peres Extra Dimensions in Atmospheric Neutrinos

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Constraints on short-baseline experiments: SBN

Short Baseline program for FERMILAB

Orlando Luis Goulart Peres Extra Dimensions in Atmospheric Neutrinos

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Constraints on short-baseline experiments: SBN

Sensitivity region for SBN Work in progress, G. Stenico, D. Vanegas Forero and O.LG.P .

Orlando Luis Goulart Peres Extra Dimensions in Atmospheric Neutrinos

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Discrimination power

TRUE LED: → 3+1 scenario TRUE 3+1 model : → LED scenario

∆χ2 = 7.989

∆χ2 = 6.94 Orlando Luis Goulart Peres Extra Dimensions in Atmospheric Neutrinos

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Conclusions

1

Smallness of neutrino mass: motivated by large extra dimension models?

2

Neutrinos in large extra dimension models: oscillation pattern and non-unitarity

3

Future experiments can provide very good constrains on size of extra dimension

4

Full discrimination between the extra dimension oscillation model and the usual three neutrino theory

5

ICECUBE (3× IC-70) RED > 2, 5(3, 0) × 10−5 cm for small m0 Support : Projeto Temático FAPESP 2014/19164-6.

Orlando Luis Goulart Peres Extra Dimensions in Atmospheric Neutrinos

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Conclusions

1

Smallness of neutrino mass: motivated by large extra dimension models?

2

Neutrinos in large extra dimension models: oscillation pattern and non-unitarity

3

Future experiments can provide very good constrains on size of extra dimension

4

Full discrimination between the extra dimension oscillation model and the usual three neutrino theory

5

ICECUBE (3× IC-70) RED > 2, 5(3, 0) × 10−5 cm for small m0 Support : Projeto Temático FAPESP 2014/19164-6.

Orlando Luis Goulart Peres Extra Dimensions in Atmospheric Neutrinos

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SLIDE 25

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Conclusions

1

Smallness of neutrino mass: motivated by large extra dimension models?

2

Neutrinos in large extra dimension models: oscillation pattern and non-unitarity

3

Future experiments can provide very good constrains on size of extra dimension

4

Full discrimination between the extra dimension oscillation model and the usual three neutrino theory

5

ICECUBE (3× IC-70) RED > 2, 5(3, 0) × 10−5 cm for small m0 Support : Projeto Temático FAPESP 2014/19164-6.

Orlando Luis Goulart Peres Extra Dimensions in Atmospheric Neutrinos

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SLIDE 26

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Conclusions

1

Smallness of neutrino mass: motivated by large extra dimension models?

2

Neutrinos in large extra dimension models: oscillation pattern and non-unitarity

3

Future experiments can provide very good constrains on size of extra dimension

4

Full discrimination between the extra dimension oscillation model and the usual three neutrino theory

5

ICECUBE (3× IC-70) RED > 2, 5(3, 0) × 10−5 cm for small m0 Support : Projeto Temático FAPESP 2014/19164-6.

Orlando Luis Goulart Peres Extra Dimensions in Atmospheric Neutrinos

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SLIDE 27

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Conclusions

1

Smallness of neutrino mass: motivated by large extra dimension models?

2

Neutrinos in large extra dimension models: oscillation pattern and non-unitarity

3

Future experiments can provide very good constrains on size of extra dimension

4

Full discrimination between the extra dimension oscillation model and the usual three neutrino theory

5

ICECUBE (3× IC-70) RED > 2, 5(3, 0) × 10−5 cm for small m0 Support : Projeto Temático FAPESP 2014/19164-6.

Orlando Luis Goulart Peres Extra Dimensions in Atmospheric Neutrinos