events of grape berry ripening under varying crop loads Marianna - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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events of grape berry ripening under varying crop loads Marianna - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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XII International Conference on Grapevine Breeding and Genetics Bordeaux, July 15-20 th 2018 Unraveling the key molecular events of grape berry ripening under varying crop loads Marianna Fasoli E. & J. Gallo Winery Viticulture, Chemistry

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Marianna Fasoli

E.&J. Gallo Winery – Viticulture, Chemistry and Enology

Unraveling the key molecular events of grape berry ripening under varying crop loads

XII International Conference on Grapevine Breeding and Genetics

Bordeaux, July 15-20th 2018

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Grape berry development and ripening

Dokoozlian, 2000

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A transcriptomic map of grape berry development and ripening

fruit set maturity Cabernet Sauvignon Pinot noir Vintages: 2012, 2013, 2014 weekly sampling

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14 28 42 56 70 84 Gene expression level Days after veraison

1st wave

2nd wave 3rd wave

Global and varietal transcriptomic changes

  • ver ripening

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Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Class 4 Class 2+3

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14 28 42 56 70 84

Expression value (RPKM)

Days after veraison

Class 1 Class 1

Global and varietal transcriptomic changes

  • ver ripening

Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Class 4 Class 2+3

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14 28 42 56 70 84

Expression value (RPKM)

Days after veraison

Class 2 Class 3 Class 2+3

Global and varietal transcriptomic changes

  • ver ripening

Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Class 4 Class 2+3

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Global and varietal transcriptomic changes

  • ver ripening
  • 42 -28 -14

14 28 42 56 70 84

Expression value (RPKM)

Days after veraison

Class 4 Class 4

Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Class 4 Class 2+3

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Putative biomarkers of the onset of ripening

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14 days before veraison veraison

135 42 135 138 138 39

ABA, auxin and ethylene signaling phenylpropanoid / anthocyanin related

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Yield (kg) = Ravaz Index Pruning Weight (kg)

Vine Balance

5-8 <4 >10

Grape ripening and crop load

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fruit set maturity Cabernet Sauvignon Pinot noir Vintages: 2012, 2013, 2014 weekly sampling

Crop load manipulation

0% (control) 50% 75%

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2 4 6 8 10 12 14

Ravaz Index 37-49 tons/ha 20-36 tons/ha 10-19 tons/ha

2012 2013 2014

Yield to pruning weight ratios in Pinot noir

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Overcrop Balance Undercrop

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Effect of crop load on the ripening progress

Reducing Sugars and Malic acid content

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Early effect of crop load manipulation

Pinot noir

  • 14 to 14 days after veraison

Linear Mixed-Effect (LME) Model: Gene ~ Ravaz * Time + Sugar 77 genes modulated by crop load

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Crop load effect on trigger genes

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Crop load effect on phenylpropanoid pathway

VviMYB14 Stilbene synthase 9

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Crop load effect on phenylpropanoid pathway

VviUFGT Chalcone synthase 3

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Crop load effect on phenylpropanoid pathway

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VviMYB14 Stilbene synthase 9 VviUFGT Chalcone synthase 3

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Conclusions

  • Identification of gene expression waves throughout berry

development

  • Identification of putative maturation trigger genes
  • Early response to crop load manipulation
  • Balanced vine gives unique fruit composition
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Acknowledgements

Chandra Richter Nick Dokoozlian Elizabeth Green Randall Mullen Viticulture, Chemistry and Enology Mario Pezzotti Sara Zenoni Giovanni Battista Tornielli Silvia Dal Santo

Thanks for your attention !!!

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Vineyard Cabernet Sauvignon Pinot noir Block DL11 DL8 Year Planted 1997 2001 Rootstock 5C Freedom Clone FPS 8 FPS 23 Trellis System Horzontally Divided Curtain (Wye) Horzontally Divided Curtain (Wye) Row Spacing 10' (row) x 5' (vine) 10' (row) x 5' (vine) Soil Type Sandy Clay Loam Sandy Clay Loam Row Orientation E-W E-W Pruning Machine Pruned Hand Pruned

Vineyard info – Dusty Lane Ranch

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Crop load effect on quality

  • 1.2
  • 1
  • 0.8
  • 0.6
  • 0.4
  • 0.2

0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4

  • 1.2
  • 1
  • 0.8
  • 0.6
  • 0.4
  • 0.2

0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

Normalized median value - Negative Normalized median value - Positive Yield to Pruning Weight

Balance Overcrop Undercrop

Marianna Fasoli

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0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 12.00 14.00

Yield to Pruning Wt.

0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00

Yield to Pruning Wt. 37-49 tons/ha Cabernet Sauvignon 20-36 tons/ha 10-19 tons/ha 32-37 tons/ha 17-31 tons/ha 7-16 tons/ha

2012 2013 2014

Pinot noir

Yield to Pruning Weight

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