EU Strategy in Partitioning & Transm utation and its I m plem - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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EU Strategy in Partitioning & Transm utation and its I m plem - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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EU Strategy in Partitioning & Transm utation and its I m plem entation w ithin the EURATOM Fram ew ork Program m es Ved BHATNAGAR European Com m ission Brussels e-mail: Ved.Bhatnagar@ec.europa.eu V. Bhatnagar, EC, Brussels, 10IEMPT, Mito,

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  • V. Bhatnagar, EC, Brussels, 10IEMPT, Mito, Japan, 07 Oct 2008

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Ved BHATNAGAR European Com m ission Brussels e-mail: Ved.Bhatnagar@ec.europa.eu

EU Strategy in Partitioning & Transm utation and its I m plem entation w ithin the EURATOM Fram ew ork Program m es

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  • V. Bhatnagar, EC, Brussels, 10IEMPT, Mito, Japan, 07 Oct 2008

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OUTLI NE

  • I ntroduction
  • EU Strategy in P&T
  • I m plem entation w ithin the EURATOM

Fram ew ork Program s

  • Conclusions
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  • V. Bhatnagar, EC, Brussels, 10IEMPT, Mito, Japan, 07 Oct 2008

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European Union ( EU) Nuclear Research Activities

  • EU nuclear energy research and training activities are

carried out under the European Atom ic Energy Com m unity ( EURATOM) treaty ( Rom e 1 9 5 7 )

  • I m plem entation of EU nuclear energy strategy requires

research and developm ent of new technologies in a variety of areas.

  • Fram ew ork Program s of the European Union have been

a very fruitful tool to channel the 2 7 Mem ber States’ com m on research funds in areas of European– w ide interest especially w here European added-value dom inates.

  • I nternational collaboration ( outside EU) is an

im portant policy elem ent of the EU Fram ew ork Program s.

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  • V. Bhatnagar, EC, Brussels, 10IEMPT, Mito, Japan, 07 Oct 2008

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Euratom Fram ew ork Program s

  • European Com m unity research has been organised in

Fram ew ork Program m es ( FP) of durations of 4 -5 years since 1 9 8 4 .

  • FP3 : 1 9 9 0 -9 4 , FP4 : 1 9 9 4 -9 8 , FP5 : 1 9 9 8 -0 2
  • FP6 : 2 0 0 2 -0 6 FP7 : 2 0 0 7 -1 1 ( possibly to 2 0 1 3 )
  • Organisation of Euratom Activities is as follow s:
  • Fusion Energy Research
  • Nuclear Fission and Radiation Protection
  • Nuclear Activities of EC Joint Research Centre

( JRC) * _ _ _ _ _ * Activities im plem ented by JRC are know n as ‘direct actions’.

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EURATOM Fram ew ork ( FP) Program s Budget

FP6 FP7 ( 2 0 0 2 -0 6 ) ( 2 0 0 7 -1 1 ) M€ M€

  • Fusion Energy Res

8 2 4 1 9 4 7

  • Fission & Rad Prot

2 0 9 2 8 7

  • JRC’s Nuclear Activity 3 1 9

5 1 7 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Total 1 3 5 2 2 7 5 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ * FP research is only about 6 % of the entire EU effort

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Sustainable Nuclear Energy Technology Platform ( SNE-TP)

( launched in Septem ber 2 0 0 7 )

  • A fram ew ork to unite all stakeholders ( public-private

partnership) around a com m on vision of sustainable nuclear energy technology research

  • Mobilisation of a critical m ass of research and

innovation effort

  • Definition of a Strategic Research Agenda
  • Research directions:
  • Gen I I and Gen I I I needs
  • Process Heat, Electricity and H 2
  • Advanced Fuel Cycle and Gen I V system s
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Radioactive Waste Management -

Geological disposal of long-lived radioactive waste and the reduction of toxicity of radioactive waste through partitioning & transmutation Key cross-cutting activities:

  • Support for

research infrastructures

  • retaining

competences and know-how

in all areas of nuclear science

Radiation protection – especially risks

from low doses, medical uses, emergency management etc.

EURATOM FP7 (2007-11) Nuclear Fission & Radiation Protection

Reactor Systems- Operational safety of

existing reactor systems and the potential of future reactor systems for safer, more efficient power plants and competitive nuclear industry

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EU Strategy in P&T for Sustainability of Nuclear Energy

  • Once-through cycle ( ‘disposal of spent fuel as it is’) does not appear

to be sustainable!

  • Reprocessing of the spent fuel and transm utation of Minor Actinides

in dedicated devices reduces 'radio-toxic inventory' of the disposed w aste in geological repositories.

  • I t has significant im portance in non-proliferation strategy and

radiological terrorism and reduces risks in case of an inadvertent 'hum an intrusion‘.

  • A double-strata approach w ith Sub-critical Accelerator Driven

System s ( ADS) and/ or Critical Fast reactors is being considered. A decision on the choice is planned in a couple of years.

  • Geological disposal of the rem aining w aste ( separation/ transm utation

losses) w ill be required

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  • V. Bhatnagar, EC, Brussels, 10IEMPT, Mito, Japan, 07 Oct 2008

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W aste Managem ent Strategy for sustainability of nuclear energy

  • Separation of m ain heavy m etals reduces the volum e and therm al
  • utput and extraction of heat-bearing ( Sr and Cs) com ponents

perm its a reduction in the needed size of the repository except possibly in salt-m edia w hich does not need this separation.

  • Transm utation can reduce the half-life of m ost of the w aste to be

disposed of to a couple of hundred years overcom ing the concerns of the public related to the long-life of the w aste thus aiding the GD com m unity in securing a 'broadly agreed political consensus' of w aste disposal in geological repositories.

  • Additional cost, additional secondary w aste, activation products and

I LW and dose to w orkers in the process of Reprocessing and Transm utation itself w ill contribute to defining an optim al transm utation schem e.

  • P&T has an added value of training m any researchers in nuclear

science and contributes to retaining of com petence.

  • Though the m axim um eventual ‘dose' to hum an beings from a

geological repository in norm al scenarios is likely to be due to fission products, som e evidence is appearing that m inor actinides are also m obile.

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W aste Managem ent Strategy for sustainability of nuclear energy

  • Generation I V safe advanced nuclear reactor concepts that

burn w aste and produce fuel for further use are gaining increased attention as a possible future course of action.

  • I t is clear that reprocessing of the spent fuel for a sustainable

nuclear energy and fuel cycle w ould be required no m atter w hat path of transm utation is follow ed.

  • Efforts for the advanced partitioning processes should be

reinforced tow ards pilot and test facilities for optim ised separation processes in close cooperation w ith fuel fabrication team s and geological disposal ( GD) com m unity.

  • The GD com m unity should em brace the opportunity offered by

P&T to ease the acceptance of geological repositories by society and m ake the best use of accepted sites by rem oval of long-lived and heat producing radio-nuclides from the w aste.

  • The GD com m unity should especially take into account the

requirem ents and accom m odate the w aste stream s em anating from the advanced ( m inor-actinide) reprocessing system s w ith a view to transm utation w hether in sub-critical or critical devices.

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Impact of P&T on Waste Management

  • RED-IMPACT

Transmutation of High Level Nuclear Waste in an ADS

  • EUROTRANS

System Analysis of an ADS: Integrated design Cost, safety and licensing issues Reliability of accelerators for ADS Experiment: Coupling of ADS components Materials and coolant technologies Advanced fuel and Targets Basic nuclear data Education and Training

Implementation of P& T

FP6 Projects

Partitioning Technologies

  • EUROPART

P&T Roadmap

  • PATEROS

Nuclear Data

  • EFNUDAT • CANDIDE
  • NUDAME

Innovative Fuels

  • LWR-DEPUTY

Critical Systems & Technologies

  • ELSY-LFR
  • PUMA-HTR

Networking HLM EU Infrastructures

  • VELLA
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EURATOM FP6 P&T Projects Underw ay

Budget ( M€ ) SN Acronym Abbreviated Title

Tot EC Co-

  • rdinator

Start Date End date

Rem arks

1 PATEROS P&T European Road-m ap 0 .8 0 .6 SCK/ CEN ( BE) 0 1 / 0 9 / 2 0 0 6 3 1 / 0 8 / 2 0 0 8 2

RED- I MPACT

I m pact study of P&T on W aste m anagem ent 3 .9 2 .0 KTH ( SE) 3 1 / 0 3 / 2 0 0 4 3 0 / 0 9 / 2 0 0 7 3

EURO- PART

Partitioning techniques and processes 1 1 .2 6 .0 CEA ( FR) 0 1 / 0 1 / 2 0 0 4 3 0 / 0 6 / 2 0 0 7

A new project ACSEPT has started

4

EURO- TRANS

All Aspects of Transm utation by sub-critical ADS 4 5 .0 2 3 .0 FZK ( DE) 0 1 / 0 4 / 2 0 0 5 3 1 / 0 3 / 2 0 1 0

A new project GETMAT has started

5

ELSY

W aste transm utation in Lead Cooled critical system 6 .9 2 .9 5 ANSA- LDO ( I T) 0 1 / 0 9 / 2 0 0 6 3 1 / 0 8 / 2 0 0 9 6

PUMA

Pu and MA Managem ent by therm al Gas-cooled system 3 .7 1 .8 5 NRG ( NL) 0 1 / 0 9 / 2 0 0 6 3 1 / 0 8 / 2 0 0 9 7

VELLA

Netw orking of lead loop infrastructures in Europe 3 .3 2 .3 ENEA ( I T) 0 1 / 1 0 / 2 0 0 6 3 0 / 0 9 / 2 0 0 9 8

LW R- DEPUTY

LW R fuels for deep burning of Pu in therm al system s 2 .4 1 .2 5 SCK/ CEN ( BE) 0 1 / 0 8 / 2 0 0 6 3 1 / 0 7 / 2 0 0 9 9 EFNUDAT Netw orking of EU facilities for nuclear data 3 .0 2 .4 CNRS ( FR) 0 1 / 1 1 / 2 0 0 6 3 1 / 1 0 / 2 0 1 0 10 CANDI DE Netw orking of Nuclear data for EU I ndustrial Developm ent 0 .8 0 .8 UU ( SE) 0 1 / 0 1 / 2 0 0 7 3 1 / 1 2 / 2 0 0 8 11 NUDAME Trans-national access for nuclear data 0 .2 0 .2 EC-JRC ( I RMM) 0 1 / 0 4 / 2 0 0 5 3 1 / 0 3 / 2 0 0 8 Totals 8 1 .0 4 3 .5

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EURATOM FP7 P&T and Advanced Reactor System s Projects

Budget (M€) SN Acronym Title Total EC Coordinator Start Date End Date

FP FP7- 7-2007 Cal 2007 Call

1

ACSE ACSEPT

Actinide Recycling by Separation and Transmutation 23.8 9.0 CEA (FR) 01/04/2008 31/03/2012 2

GE GETMAT T

Gen IV and Transmutation Materials 14.0 7.5 FZK (DE) 01/03/2008 29/02/2013 3

F-BRIDGE F-BRIDGE

Basic Research for Innovative Fuel Design for Gen IV Systems 10.2 5.4 CEA (FR) 01/03/2008 29/02/2012 4 CARBO

CARBOWAS WASTE

Treatment and Disposal of Irradiated Graphite and other Carbonaceous Waste 12.0 6.0 FZJ (DE) 01/04/2008 31/03/2012 5

EUFRAT FRAT

European Facility for Innovative Reactor and Transmutation Neutron Data 0.5 0.5 JRC- IRMM (Mol-BE) 01/10/2008 30/09/2012 6

JH JHR-CP R-CP

Jules Horowitz Reactor- Collaborative Project 3.4 1.75 CEA (FR) 01/09/2008 31/08/2009

FP FP7- 7-2008 Cal 2008 Call

7

ACTINET- TINET-I3 I3

ACTINET Integrated Infrastructure Initiative ~6.0 ~3.0 CEA (FR) Under Negotiation 8

CP CP-EFSR

  • EFSR

Collaborative Project on European Sodium Fast Reactor ~11.5 ~5.8 CEA (FR) Under Negotiation 9

FAIRFU FAIRFUELS ELS

Fabrication and, Irradiation and Reprocessing of Fuels and Targets for Transmutation ~6.5 ~3.0 NRG (NL) Under Negotiation 10

CDT CDT

Central Design Team for a Fast Spectrum Transmutation Experimental Facility ~5.0 ~2.0 SCK/CEN (BE) Under Negotiation Totals ~92.9 ~44.0

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P&T and Advanced System s Planned Topics for FP7 -2 0 0 9 and 2 0 1 0 Call for Proposals

  • FP7 -2 0 0 9 Call

I m proved Nuclear Data for Advanced Reactor System s Therm al Hydraulic I ssues and Com putational Fluid Dynam ics

Codes for Advanced Reactors

Conceptual Design for Lead and Gas Cooled Fast Reactor

System s

  • FP7 -2 0 1 0 Call

Reliability and Efficiency of High-Pow er Proton Accelerator

Com ponents and System Design for Continuous Operation of Transm utation Devices

Support Experim ents for Validation of Design Activities of

Critical and Sub-critical Lead-Cooled Fast Spectrum Transm utation Facilities

Fuel and Cladding for Advanced Reactors and Transm utation

Devices

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Debate on W aste Managem ent Strategy for sustainability of nuclear energy

‘BURN or BURY’ ?

←P&T

GD→

Partitioning and transm utation ( P&T) Geological disposal ( GD)

  • P&T is essential for the sustainability of nuclear energy
  • GD is indispensable for radioactive w aste m anagem ent
  • Both com m unities should w ork together for the future of

nuclear energy

Conclusions