Elaborating on best practise for traffic calming pedestrian crosswalks Lars Leden Charlotta Johansson Peter Rosander Per Gårder
Structure of presentation Meta analysis of Swedish and Israeli test studies Additional countermeasusures Dissemination of best practise examples
Type of countermeasures studied in three Swedish and eight Israeli test sites Narrowing the Speed Elevated Posted speed street at cushions crosswalk km/h pedestrian or hump crossing Regementsgatan X X 50 Tessins väg X X 30 Borås X x 30 Israeli test sites X X 50
Speed cushions at Regementsgatan – Dragonstigen in Malmö 5 m 9 m N
Speed cushions at Tessins Väg - Henrik Wranérs Gata in Malmö 10 m 4 m The shorter distance is 4.2 m to the left in the figure, and the longer distance to the right is 10.2 m.
Implementation of speed cushions at crosswalk at Hultagatan in Borås.
Main components of raised crossing arrangement site 7 in Israel. 3. 1. 2. 1. – a raised crosswalk 2. – a circular speed hump before the crosswalk 3. – traffic signs and amber flashing light Gitelman, Carmel, Pesahov, Chen (2016).
Speeds Swedish test sites Shorter distance Longer distance 12 m before On PCR 12 m before PCR On PCR PCR Dragonstigen mean 24.2 23.1 17.0 22.1 std dev 1.51 1.21 0.59 0.51 (mean) 90% 34 30 23 27 n 37 34 52 53 Tessins Väg mean 23.6 23.9 23.8 22.5 std dev 0.68 0.65 0.54 0.43 (mean) 90% 29 30 30 28 n 39 45 117 132
Yielding at Swedish sites Pedestrians were more often given way by the first driver in the near lane when the distance between the crossing and the speed cushion is longer: 50% at longer distances compared with 40% at shorter (p < 0.05)
Israeli results Mean speed and the 85-percentile were both reduced by 20-30 km/h The share of vehicles yielding to pedestrians increased from 80% to 96-98%, in the near lane, and from 62-63% to 98-100%, in the far lane.
Traffic environment for children: max 20 km/h • If the goal is to eliminate serious injury accidents 30 km/h might not be a sufficiently low speed Höskuldur (2015) • Children 7 to 12 should not cross streets at location where vehicle speeds exceed 15-20 km/h Johansson & Leden (2010)
Actions taken at the crosswalk with most pedestrians injuries in the city. Kaivokatu, Helsinki, Finland 1.30 km/h speed limit marked with signs 2.Automatic speed enforcement with a camera 3.Road markings in the carriageway 4.Advanced stoplines with ten meters
Raised crosswalk with redrawn stop lines Playa de las Americanos Arquitecto Gomez Cuesto, Tenerife
Redrawn stop lines at every crosswalk in the city
Best practise to be discussed Early yield bars Los Angeles US 15
Acknowledgement to Victoria Gitelman, Roby Carmel, Fany Pesahov & Sarit at Technion University Israel Per Wramborg at the Swedish National Road Administration
Inform about best practice Interactive website
Thank you for your attention. Lars Leden Charlotta Johansson Peter Rosander Per Gårder
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