Effect of hydropriming on germination and seedling vigor of - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Effect of hydropriming on germination and seedling vigor of pigeonpea [ Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] Katie Carver Iowa State University ICRISAT, Patancheru 10 July 2013 Supervisor: Dr. Myer G Mula Scientist, Pigeonpea Seed Systems

Outline • Introduction • Objectives • Methodology • Results • Conclusion & Recommendation • Acknowledgements

Introduction • Hydropriming-meaning, importance • Mixed results in other species • Is it beneficial to pigeonpea? • What duration of hydropriming gives the best results? Figure 1. Pigeonpea seeds soaking in water, a process called hydropriming

Objectives • Determine the effect of hydropriming on germination and seedling vigor of pigeonpea • Determine the effect of soil type

Methodology • Conducted under glasshouse conditions ICRISAT, Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh, India • 5 June to 25 June 2013- rainy season 2013 • 10 genotypes- medium and early duration – 4 hybrids, 6 cultivars • 4 treatments – No soaking (control), 2 hrs, 4 hrs, 6 hrs • 3 replications – 5 samples per replication • 2 soil types – Alfisol and Vertisol Figure 2. Pigeonpea seedlings in the glasshouse

Methodology • Daily irrigation • Completely Randomized Block Design (CRD) • 5 observations – Germination on day 3 – Days to 60% germination – Plumule length on day 8 – Plumule length on day 20 – Radicle length on day 20 Figure 3. Measuring plumule length on day 8

Table 1. Characteristics of pigeonpea genotypes 100 seed weight Particulars Genotype Seed color Type Duration (g) Hybrids ICPH 2671 Purple 11.9 NDT Medium ICPH 4431 Light brown 10.6 NDT Medium ICPH 4182 Cream 10.4 NDT Medium ICPH 2740 Brown 9.1 NDT Medium Cultivars ICPL 88039 Brown 9.0 NDT Early ICPL 87091 Brown 13.0 NDT Early ICPL 11811 Black 16.1 NDT Medium ICP 7035 Purple 22.0 NDT Medium ICP 14304 Cream 11.9 NDT Medium ICP 13395 Light brown 19.8 NDT Medium

Table 2. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) for seedling characteristics across treatment, soil type, and genotype Source of Variation Plumule Plumule Radicle Germination Days to 60% DF Length- Length- Length- Day on Day 3 Germination Day 8 Day 20 20 Effect of Hydropriming 3 1.992* 6.375 14.407* 22.544** 6.293** Treatment Effect of Soil Type 1 10.965** 213.533** 148.712** 30.817** 6.338** Effect of Hydropriming 3 0.789 5.495 3.864 2.183 0.026 Treatment x Soil Type Effect of Genotype 9 39.061** 383.745** 34.666** 14.739** 2.421** Effect of Hydropriming 27 0.596 3.205 2.695 1.671* 0.512* Treatment x Genotype Effect Soil Type x 9 2.062** 51.581** 12.166** 7.067** 1.588** Genotype Effect of Hydropriming 27 1.099** 3.312 4.158 0.853 0.548* Treatment x Soil Type x Genotype Error 160 0.526 4.463 3.756 0.937 0.317

Results Effect of hydropriming

Number of seedlings germinated on Day 3 2.5 a Number of seedlings 2 b 1.5 c c 1 0.5 0 No soaking 2 hr soaking 4 hr soaking 6 hr soaking (Control) Treatment

Days to 60% Germination 4.4 a a 4.2 4 b Days 3.8 c 3.6 3.4 3.2 No soaking 2 hr soaking 4 hr soaking 6 hr soaking (Control) Treatment

Plumule Length- Day 8 6.2 a 6.1 6.0 ab Length (cm) 5.9 b 5.8 b 5.7 5.6 5.5 No soaking 2 hr soaking 4 hr soaking 6 hr soaking Treatment

Radicle Length- Day 20 12.0 11.8 11.6 a a 11.4 Length (cm) 11.2 ab 11.0 10.8 10.6 b 10.4 10.2 10.0 No soaking 2 hr soaking 4 hr soaking 6 hr soaking Treatment

Results Effect of soil type

Seedlings germinated on day 3 2 Number of seedlings a 1.5 b 1 0.5 0 Alfisol Vertisol Soil Type Days to 60% germination 4.2 b 4.1 4 Days 3.9 a 3.8 3.7 3.6 Alfisol Vertisol Soil Type

Seedling performance across soil types 18 a 16 b 14 a 12 b Length (cm) 10 Alfisol 8 Vertisol a b 6 4 2 0 Plumule- Day 8 Plumule- Day 20 Radicle- Day 20 Plant part

Results Effect of genotype

Seedlings germinated on Day 3 3.5 Number of seedlings 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 ICP ICPL ICPH ICPL ICPH ICPH ICP ICP ICP ICPH 14304 87091 4182 88039 2671 4431 7035 11811 13395 2740 Genotype Days to 60% germination 5 4 Days 3 2 1 0 ICP ICPL ICPH ICPL ICPH ICP ICP ICPH ICPH ICP 14304 87091 2671 88039 4431 7035 11811 4182 2740 13395 Genotype

Seedling performance across genotypes 22 20 18 16 14 Length (cm) 12 Plumule- Day 8 10 Plumule-Day 20 8 Radicle- Day 20 6 4 2 0 ICP ICP ICPL ICP ICP ICPH ICPL ICPH ICPH ICPH 11811 7035 87091 14304 13395 2671 88039 4431 2740 4182 Genotype

Results Effect of hydropriming and genotype

Seedlings germinated on Day 3 5 Number of seedlings 4 3 2 1 0 No soaking ICPH ICPH ICPH ICPH ICPL ICPL ICP ICP ICP ICP 2671 4431 4182 2740 88039 87091 11811 7035 14304 13395 2 hr soaking Genotype 4 hr soaking Days to 60% germination 6 hr soaking 5 4.5 4 Days 3.5 3 2.5 ICPH ICPH ICPH ICPH ICPL ICPL ICP ICP ICP ICP 2671 4431 4182 2740 88039 87091 11811 7035 14304 13395 Genotype

Results Effect of soil type and genotype

Seedlings germinated on Day 3 3.5 Number of seedlings 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 ICPH ICPH ICPH ICPH ICPL ICPL ICP ICP ICP ICP 2671 4431 4182 2740 88039 87091 11811 7035 14304 13395 Genotype Alfisol Vertisol Days to 60% germination 5 4.5 4 Days 3.5 3 2.5 2 ICPH ICPH ICPH ICPH ICPL ICPL ICP ICP ICP ICP 2671 4431 4182 2740 88039 87091 11811 7035 14304 13395 Genotype

Plumule Length- Day 8 9 Length (cm) 7 5 3 ICPH ICPH ICPH ICPH ICPL ICPL ICP ICP ICP ICP 2671 4431 4182 2740 88039 87091 11811 7035 14304 13395 Plumule Length- Day 20 25 Length (cm) 20 15 Alfisol 10 Vertisol 5 ICPH ICPH ICPH ICPH ICPL ICPL ICP ICP ICP ICP 2671 4431 4182 2740 88039 87091 11811 7035 14304 13395 Radicle Length- Day 20 15 Length (cm) 13 11 9 7 ICPH ICPH ICPH ICPH ICPL ICPL ICP ICP ICP ICP 2671 4431 4182 2740 88039 87091 11811 7035 14304 13395 Genotype

Results Effect of soil type and genotype and hydropriming treatment

Interaction of Genotype, Soil type, and Hydropriming treatment for Plumule Length- Day 8 9.0 8.0 7.0 Length (cm) 6.0 No soaking 5.0 2 hr soaking 4.0 4 hr soaking 6 hr soaking 3.0 2.0 ICPH 2671 ICPH 4431 ICPH 4182 ICPH 2740 ICPL 88039 ICPL 87091 ICP 11811 ICP 7035 ICP 14304 ICP 13395 ICPH 2671 ICPH 4431 ICPH 4182 ICPH 2740 ICPL 88039 ICPL 87091 ICP 11811 ICP 7035 ICP 14304 ICP 13395 Alfisol Vertisol Soil type and Genotype

Conclusion & Recommendations • Hydropriming allows for faster seedling emergence – Utilize available moisture in rice-fallow systems • 4 hour treatments showed best performance – Longer radicles = more drought-tolerant seedlings – Fastest emergence = successful stand establishment • Pigeonpea grows better in Alfisol soils • ICP 11811, ICP 7035, and ICP 87091 performed best with regards to plumule and radicle lengths • Conduct experiment in rice-fallow system

Acknowledgements • Plant Sciences Institute, Iowa State University • Learning Systems Unit, ICRISAT • Biometrics Department, ICRISAT • Pigeonpea Department, ICRISAT