DTN in Emergency Net and IoT Presented by Kanchana Kanchanasut - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

DTN in Emergency Net and IoT

Presented by Kanchana Kanchanasut Internet Education and Research Laboratory, Asian Institute of Technology Thailand

intERLab

intERLab@AIT

➤ AIT <www.ait.asia> is an international post-graduate institution

situated in Thailand

➤ Internet Education and Research Lab <interlab.ait.asia> ➤ Capacity building - training and normal degree program

under schools

➤ Research ➤ Internet development information center

Feb 2016

Our challenge!

Plan

➤ DUMBONET background : disaster emergency communication

research @ intERLab

➤ DUMBO+ ➤ IoT in Post-disaster Emergency Network

Indian Ocean Tsunami of 2004

Image Source: NOAA

Disaster and communication infrastructure

Disruption of electricity supply Broken infrastructures, Internet data centers Congestions

DUMBONET I (2006)

A multimedia emergency communication network for the situations where there is severely disabled, or no communication infrastructure available.

Digital Ubiquitous Mobile Broadband OLSR Network a.k.a. “DUMBONET”

Supported by AIT, French Government ICT-ASIA, WIDE Project (JP)

Commodity Devices

2006:

Large Notebooks Single board Linux (NOKIA)

2008: Netbooks, and

Bluetooth-enabled mobile phones

2011:

Tablets, Smartphones and Embedded systems

2013 - present:

Mobile routers

DUMBONET (December 2006)

Features of DUMBONET I

➤ Interactive Video, Voice, and Instant Messaging ➤ very important for situational awareness ➤ Peer-to-Peer Paradigm

DUMBONET test in 2006

Facial Recognition System

Weather Sensors

Courtesy of Live E! Project University of Tokyo

➤ Pyapone, Myin Ka Kone village. ➤ Providing local area net for volunteer workers ➤ Application used: SAHANA

DUMBO DEPLOYMENT 2008

2008

“

Experiences and lessons learnt from Nargis disaster relief and field

• perations
• Thet Aung Min Latt

Deputy Chief Information Officer
 Nay Yan Oo Information Officer (Web) Myanmar Egress Nargis Action Group Myanmar Appleseed

Structured Mesh Overlay Network (SMON)


➤ Structured and Meshed P2P overlay network on MANET

implemented as OLSR plug in

➤ Maintain overlay members in distributed hash table(DHT)

➤ IP address of the nodes ➤ Node ID – Hashed value of the IP address

➤ Cross layer design

➤ Overlay is maintained with OLSR routing information ➤ Fast Convergence

Overlay Net: P2P-SIP

SIP-SMON OLSR MANET

DUMBONET II (2008) : Connecting the vehicles

DUMBONET II : Connecting the vehicles

DUMBONET II : Connecting the vehicles

DUMBONET IV (2013): Mobile Routers (MR)

• Approximately 100 - 150 meters of coverage radius.
• Shorter distance means a more stable and reliable link
• Built-in battery allows ~ 4 hours operation.
• We have replaced the factory firmware and specially customized the

configuration parameters for emergency network operations

How to connect the clients :

Put the clients in the covered area and connect to the nearest DUMBONET MR as normal Wi-Fi clients

Internet Gateway (IG) in DUMBONET

MR-to-MR DUMBONET Link Client-to-MR Link

Public Internet

Public Internet

For best results the IG node should be placed near to the center of the emergency network (i.e. to minimize hop count)

ONE DUMBONET NODE CAN BE SPECIALLY CONFIGURED TO CONNECT TO THE PUBLIC INTERNET (E.G. VIA ETHERNET CABLE OR 3G/4G CELLULAR). ADD THE IG NODE AND THEN EVERY CLIENT CAN ACCESS THE PUBLIC INTERNET.

Mobile Routers in TakNet1

video files

OLSR

network

VoIP Video on Demand For curious minds The CWMN

DUMBO+: requirements and available technologies

• Requirement 1: sharing of maps, pictures

End-to-End Communication Unicast point to point Multicast

• Requirement 2: Intermittent connection due to network partitioning

DTN

• Requirement 3: Monitoring environmental data

IoT

POST-DISASTER NET: PARTITIONING, SPLITTING AND JOINING

S D S D Splitting Joining

DUMBO+: revisited

➤ MANET

• OLSR
• SMON
• SIP VOIP
• Social Network - instant messaging
• For end-to-end Communication with DTN
• DTS-OLSR
• Bulk Files Distribution in low bandwidth with intermittent net, use DTN with
• Network Coding

MANET Routing

➤ Multi-hop routing from A to B ➤ Network partitioning B A

?

DTN Bundle Transfer

➤ Delivering data from A to B

➤ Using a DTN relay node ➤ A creates a bundle for the data and try to sends it to a nearby relay

node

➤ The DTN relay node can carry the bundle

➤ And forwards the bundle to B when they get contact

A
 dtn://a.dtn B
 dtn://b.dtn Relay
 dtn://relay.dtn

Delay Tolerant Networking (DTN) (1)

S X Y D Bundle

Delay Tolerant Networking (DTN) (2)

S X Y D Bundle

DTN and MANET

• DTN does not require end-to-end path
• Where data should be at, while the destination is not reachable?
• Nodes move and net topology changes
• DTN node discovery
• Bundle routing
• Non-DTN node want to use DTN delivery

Delay Tolerant Networking (DTN)
 (RFC 4838)

➤ The end to end path not required ➤ Use store-carry-forward concept ➤ DTN message is called “Bundle” ➤ “Endpoint ID (EID)” for address

➤ “dtn://node1.dtn/path1”

Delay Tolerant Structured Overlay Link-State Routing (DTS-OLSR)

• Integrating DTN-RI with SMON
• Provide

− DHT based bundle routing − Automatic DTN node discovery − DTN registration – allow sending/receiving bundle with non-DTN node

DTN Overlay on OLSR Network

OLSR

• Minimizes routing delay(Proactive)
• Optimized Flooding (MPR)

DTN

• Prevent loss of information

SMON

• Members are maintain in DHT that provides

• Mesh overlay makes Information to be directly

Delay Tolerant Structured Overlay Link State Routing (DTS-OLSR)

OLSR Routing Layer OLSR Routing Layer SMON Form and maintain the

• verlay network

DHT Peer-to-Peer DTN Registration, Discovery & DTN Routing DTN User Application (send/receive bundles) ‘Light’ DTN User Application (send/receive bundles via nearest DTS-OLSR) Routing Table access Event Notification Routing Table access

DTS-OLSR Node Discovery

DTN-SMON OLSR MANET

• Nodes are discovered by SMON
• DTN connections will be established between

each nodes.

DTS-OLSR Node Registration (1)

• A node register to the nearest connected DTN

node.

X DTN: dtn://hq/collect A B C F E D Name: dtn://hq/collect Destination Address: X

DTS-OLSR Node Registration (2)

• The registering DTN node uses SMON to lookup

for the requested DTN address to get a carrier DTN node.

X DTN: dtn://hq/collect Destination Address: X Name: dtn://hq/collect Resource ID: 0x8888... A B C F E D

DTS-OLSR Node Registration (3)

• The registering node sends the registering record

to the DTN carrier node with its address. Carrier node adds the information to its DTN routing table.

• On topology changes, do lookup and register

again

X DTN: dtn://hq/collect Destination Address: X Name: dtn://hq/collect Resource ID: 0x8888... Dest.: dtn://hq/collect Next: dtn://nodeA A B C F E D

DTS-OLSR Bundle Routing (1)

• A node sends a bundle to a DTN address through

a DTN node

Y Bundle to: dtn://hq/collect A B C F E D Dest.: dtn://hq/collect Next: dtn://nodeA Name: dtn://hq/collect Destination Address: X

DTS-OLSR Bundle Routing (2)

• The DTN node uses SMON lookup on the

destination DTN address to get a carrier DTN node

• It routes the bundle to the carrier DTN node

Name: dtn://hq/collect Resource ID: 0x8888... Dest.: dtn://hq/collect Next: dtn://nodeA Y Bundle to: dtn://hq/collect A B C F E D Name: dtn://hq/collect Destination Address: X

DTS-OLSR Bundle Routing (3)

• The carrier DTN node will route the bundle to the registering

DTN node if it is registered and reachable.

• If the destination is not registered or not reachable, the node

keeps carrying the data.

• When the topology change while carrying the data, the carrier

node does lookup on SMON. If the result node is changed, it routes the bundle to the new carrier node.

Bundle to: dtn://hq/collect Name: dtn://hq/collect Destination Address: X A B C F E D Name: dtn://hq/collect Resource ID: 0x8888... Y Dest.: dtn://hq/collect Next: dtn://nodeA

DTS-OLSR Bundle Routing (4)

• The registering DTN node sends the bundle to

the destination.

Bundle to: dtn://hq/collect Bundle to: dtn://hq/collect X DTN: dtn://hq/collect A B C F E D Name: dtn://hq/collect Resource ID: 0x8888... Y Dest.: dtn://hq/collect Next: dtn://nodeA Name: dtn://hq/collect Destination Address: X

Active delivery time: DTN vs. FTP (N=20)

Active delivery Time (seconds)

20 40 60 80

Disruption time (seconds)

n/a 1.00 5.00 15.00 30.00 60.00

DTN (DTS-OLSR) FTP (Passive)

EMERGENCY INFORMATION DISSEMINATION:

MANY-TO-MANY DATA DISTRIBUTION

• NC-DTN Framework

− OLSR MPRs flooding − Retransmissions on data loss − DTN-like store-carry-forward − Network Coding

NETWORK CODING (NC) No NC with NC

A A B B B A

A+B

B B A A = (A+B) – B B A A B = (A+B) – A

NC-DTN Framework: Cisco University Grant

DUMBONET III (2010) : Challenged Networks with DTN

Khao-Yai (~Grand Mountains) National Park, Thailand

• Trail in a dense tropical rainforest (~ 3 KM)
• Highly ‘challenged’ environment:
• Trees and terrain disrupt our WiFi, CB, and GSM signals
• Even GPS signal oftentimes cannot get through dense tree leaves

HOW TO ENABLE MULTIMEDIA EMERGENCY COMMUNICATION IN HIGHLY CHALLENGED AND DISRUPTIVE ENVIRONMENTS?

Use of robots+GPS in rescue operations Assessment of damaged areas: environmental data such as air quality, humidity, temperature, weather conditions

IoT and Post-disaster Net Funded by NECTEC

IOT - AIR QUALITY SENSORS (2006)

HOW TO TAKE SENSOR READINGS?

• Robotic MANET

http://www.interlab.ait.ac.th/RoboticMANET/

• Mobile IoT
• Mobility and mobile home —> NDN
• Service migration

TEAM MEMBERS and SUPPORTERS

Current Apinun Tunpan, Preechai Mekbungwan, Nunthaphat Weshsuwannarugs and Kanchana Kanchanasut Past Thirapol Wongsaardsakul, Abdul Awal, D. K. Das, Ranju Pant, Rujipol Virochpoka, Ryuji Wakikawa, Hajime Tazaki, Anis Laouti, Cedric Adjih, Philippe Jacquet Testbeds Nisarat Tansakul, Adisorn Lertsinsrubtavee, Nattiya Khaisitiyakul, Yasuo Tshuchimoto, Randy Bush and Zita Wenzel, AINTEC partcipants, Students and THNG camps Partners Hipercom/INRIA, Live!E/JP, WIDE Project (JP), I2R(SG) Sponsors ICT-ASIA (French Ministry of Foreign Affairs), THNICF, NECTEC

Advertisement AINTEC 2016 Asian Internet Engineering Conference Nov 30-Dec 2, 2016 Bangkok Thailand http://interlab.ait.ac.th/aintec2016/

Thank you — Q&A