DTN-based Formula Student Rule Enforcement Sebastian Schildt, Wolf-Bastian Pöttner, Johannes Morgenroth, Bennet Sartori, Lars Wolf, Willem Almstedt, Hendrik Heine, Sandra Hesse, Eduardo Jiminez, Tim Lüdtke, Vinh Tran, Daniel Mazur, Tobias Michaels, Christoph Stamprath, Nicolas Steinwand MedHocNet 2014, Piran
Formula Student Germany ! In one year students design, construct und build a prototype race car seating one person. ! The only limitations in proving their creativity and knowledge are some safety restrictions in compliance to Formula Student rules. ! The Competition is the climax and the reward for the students’ hard work. Schildt | FSG RFID System | Page 2 / 19
Formula Student Germany Schildt | FSG RFID System | Page 3 / 19
Driver Management Safety and Fairness In order to attend a dynamic competition, a driver ! Needs to be registered as driver ! Need to attend a daily driver briefing ! Is only allowed to compete in a subset of disciplines Legacy System ! Multiple wristbands ! Paper-based lists Schildt | FSG RFID System | Page 4 / 19
System Components DTN Backend with Webservice WiFi$ DTN Network$ DTN DTN Android Devices Laptop Schildt | FSG RFID System | Page 5 / 19
Intermittent WiFi Connectivity Brake test 1 Ticket centre 11 Event control Noise test 2 12 3 FSG forum 13 Skid pad (Friday) 4 Acceleration FSC pits 14 (Saturday) (ground floor) Autocross/ Autocross 5 Marquee above pits 15 (Saturday) (first floor) Endurance OAP 01 Engineering design 6 16 Endurance event & (Sunday) BR 02 cost analysis event 17 Dynamic area (first floor) Business plan 18 Test area 7 presentation event (BW tower) BR 01 8 Business plan 19 FSE pits presentation event (ground floor) OAP 05 (Mobil tower) 9 Technical 20 E-scrutineering F-MM Skidpad inspection (ground floor) Fernseher 10 Tilt t able / rain test 21 FSE charging & AP 01 accumulator AP 05 workshop Visitor's area Press area BR 04 AP 10 AP 00 AP 03 AP 06 F-SM AP 04 Stands AP 07 OAP 00 Fernseher OAP 02 F-SM AP 08 AP 09 AP 02 F-MM F-MM OAP 03 BR 03 BR 05 Acceleration Schildt | FSG RFID System | Page 6 / 19
Disruption Tolerant Networks (DTN) Store-Carry-Forward Principle ! Handle delays and disruptions ! Carry data through time and space ! … and vice versa Schildt | FSG RFID System | Page 7 / 19
DTN vs. Classical (Wireless) Networking Argh, those dreaded mobility! Always a big headache with nodes moving around getting out of range and stuff! What a wonderful thing mobility is. It helps me spreading data. Schildt | FSG RFID System | Page 8 / 19
DTN vs. Classical (Wireless) Networking Links and routes can fail anytime. Luckily I am prepared for this horrible incidents by using sophisticated route recovery and repair mechanisms! You are a “Horrible incident”. Links will fail all the time. That’s just the way wireless networks are. Schildt | FSG RFID System | Page 9 / 19
DTN vs. Classical (Wireless) Networking I have so many powerful ways of routing. I can find shortest paths, most reliable paths, use location, interest and much more to make your data arrive! I can do all that. And if even with all those measures I can’t deliver your packet directly, I will travel into the future to deliver it! Schildt | FSG RFID System | Page 10 / 19
DTN vs. Classical (Wireless) Networking I am the standard. The whole internet builds on my principles. After all, most networks, even wireless ones are more or less reliable and connected, and this is my domain! Networks for sissies? I am just as good as you in those networks! Schildt | FSG RFID System | Page 11 / 19
DTN vs. Classical (Wireless) Networking Ordinary Networking DTN Networking Mobility is a challenge Mobility is exploited Link failures are handled as Failing links are considered accidents as normal Routing through space Routing through space and time The Standard Superset of ordinary networking Schildt | FSG RFID System | Page 12 / 19
All data on Wristbands 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Manufacturer reserved MAC Pt. 1 MAC Pt. 2 Type Driver Driver Driver Team Class Car Name Given Name Given Name Driver Registration Sector 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Type Login Timestamp Reader MAC Pt. 1 MAC Pt. 2 BriefingSector Schildt | FSG RFID System | Page 13 / 19
Security Features ! We use MiFare Classic o MiFare Classic Crypto has been thoroughly broken ! Blocks are permanently write protected o Can only add to a band o Reader always checks sequence of all blocks o Later blocks can invalidate earlier ones ! HMAC Authentication (SHA-1) o Secret key o All block data and Tag ID (unique) as input ! Consistency checking in the backend Schildt | FSG RFID System | Page 14 / 19
Android App used on Track Used on track. Android based. We used Nexus7 tablets with extra battery Schildt | FSG RFID System | Page 15 / 19
Experience: Driver Registration Schildt | FSG RFID System | Page 16 / 19
Experience: Usability Login Runs ! No trouble with broken WiFi connections in the field o Volunteers neither noticed nor cared whether there was WiFi or not o Data eventually arrived at the backend ! Reading distance for proximity tags is really short o Sometimes need to move the tags on the drivers hand ! Achieved at least the same throughput as the old system o 22 cars per 10 minutes (27 s/car) for Acceleration o RFID check is not the bottleneck Schildt | FSG RFID System | Page 17 / 19
Experiment: Custom Reader Better antenna and custom FDM printed case for better usability Schildt | FSG RFID System | Page 18 / 19
Thank you. Questions? https://www.formulastudent.de Schildt | FSG RFID System | Page 19 / 19
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