Drugs during Confinement: A look at different sources of information - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Drugs during Confinement: A look at different sources of information Jorge Ameth Villatoro Velázquez Coordinator of the Surveys and Data Analysis Unit Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz National Institute of Psychiatry Online Training Seminar Drug Research in the Context of COVID-19 OAS-CICAD June 8, 2020

Acknowledgements Fabiola Vázquez Quiroz, INPRFM Norberto Hernández Llanes, CONADIC, SS Luis Alberto Segovia, Prevencasa A.C. Alfonso Chávez Rivera, Prevencasa A.C. Lilia Pacheco Bufanda, Prevencasa A.C. Marcela Tiburcio Sainz, INPRFM Nora Martínez Vélez, INPRFM Marycarmen Bustos Gamiño, INPRFM Stephanie Urueta Yamaguchi, Prevencasa A.C.

Objective: To show data from various sources on how drug use, availability and treatment have been affected in the country.

CHANGES IN PRICES DURING COVID-19 Source: Nielsen México, April 8, 2020.

National Consumer Price Index Classification of Individual Consumption by Category Percentage Change

Acute Alcohol Intoxication 12,000 10,000 A c c u 8,000 m u l 6,000 a t e 4,000 d C a 2,000 s e s 0 S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 S9 S10 S11 S12 S13 S14 S15 S16 S17 S18 S19 S20 S21 S22 S23 S24 BEFORE COVID COVID WITHOUT CONFINEMENT COVID WITH CONFINEMENT 2020 2019 SOURCE: SINAVE/DGE/Salud 2020

Alcohol-Related Liver Disease 1,800 A c 1,500 c u m u 1,200 l a t 900 e d 600 C a s e 300 s 0 S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 S9 S10 S11 S12 S13 S14 S15 S16 S17 S18 S19 S20 S21 S22 S23 S24 COVID WITHOUT CONFINEMENT COVID WITH CONFINEMENT BEFORE COVID 2020 2019 Fuente: SINAVE/DGE/Salud 2020

Alcohol-Induced Cirrhosis of the Liver 2,500 A c 2,000 c u m m 1,500 u l a t 1,000 e d C 500 a s e s 0 S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 S9 S10 S11 S12 S13 S14 S15 S16 S17 S18 S19 S20 S21 S22 S23 S24 BEFORE COVID COVID WITH CONFINEMENT COVID WITHOUT CONFINEMENT 2020 2019 Source: SINAVE/DGE/Salud 2020

Pedestrian Injuries from Traffic Accidents 7,000 6,000 A c c 5,000 u n m 4,000 u l a 3,000 t e 2,000 d C 1,000 a s e 0 s S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 S9 S10 S11 S12 S13 S14 S15 S16 S17 S18 S19 S20 S21 S22 S23 S24 BEFORE COVID COVID WITHOUT CONFINEMENT COVID WITH CONFINEMENT 2020 2019 Source: SINAVE/DGE/Salud 2020

Traffic Accidents 35,000 30,000 A c c 25,000 u m u 20,000 l a 15,000 t e d 10,000 C a 5,000 s e s 0 S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 S9 S10 S11 S12 S13 S14 S15 S16 S17 S18 S19 S20 S21 S22 S23 S24 BEFORE COVID COVID WITH CONFINEMENT COVID WITHOUT CONFINEMENT 2020 2019 Source: SINAVE/DGE/Salud 2020

Mild Dengue 1,800 1,500 A c 1,200 c u m u 900 l a t 600 e d 300 C a s e 0 s S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 S9 S10 S11 S12 S13 S14 S15 S16 S17 S18 S19 S20 S21 S22 S23 S24 BEFORE COVID COVID WITH CONFINEMENT COVID WITHOUT CONFINEMENT 2020 2019 Source: SINAVE/DGE/Salud 2020

Severe Dengue 250 A c 200 c u m u 150 l a t e 100 d C a 50 s e s 0 S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 S9 S10 S11 S12 S13 S14 S15 S16 S17 S18 S19 S20 S21 S22 S23 S24 BEFORE COVID COVID WITHOUT CONFINEMENT COVID WITH CONFINEMENT 2020 2019 Source: SINAVE/DGE/Salud 2020

Poisoning from drinking adulterated alcoholic beverages in Mexico Baja California Sonora 182 deaths identified nationwide Chihuahua Coahuila Coahuila 14 poisonings 4 deaths Baja California Sur Nuevo León Puebla Sinaloa Durango 72 deaths Tamaulipas Zacatecas Veracruz 6 poisonings Jalisco S.L.P. Nayarit Yucatán 5 deaths 97 poisonings Yucatán Ags. Gto. 14 poisonings Qro. 38 deaths Jalisco Hidalgo 10 deaths Edo. Tlax. Q. Roo Mex Morelos Colima Michoacán Veracruz Campeche Mor. Puebla 29 deaths Tabasco Guerrero Campeche Oaxaca Chiapas 5 deaths Guerrero Chiapas Tlaxcala 16 deaths 3 deaths 3 poisonings Source: CONADIC. As of June 3, 2020.

Surveys in Mexico and in other countries  Economic impact. https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfkKcZelrDzdsLOxdeHL3myLIKbE8MXeGjIhFmj_mr2LDr_Jg/viewform  Effects on women of staying home. https://www.facebook.com/173801859497748/posts/1394003227477599/?d=n  Household living conditions in the face of social distancing. https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfK9MJRVj1M0P6TTCvsPnO19m19Ep8gZyp7CLZcYbYb2mJxuQ/closedform  COVID-19 Survey in Mexico, UNAM. https://sites.google.com/view/covid-formulario  State of mind and drug use, from the University of Veracruzana. https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdFgA288EexlS0cRjjRnEBVYDP2k8SM6Qf1iejEQIMapypamQ/viewform  COVID social impact survey, National Institute of Public Health. https://sars.mx/  Alcohol consumption IAPA (Institute for the Care and Prevention https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSds2RqP2LfEz78Orepil7TL5tsf4hjETJFcbqXAxDLiR8-ODQ/viewform of Addictions).  COVID and stress in Mexico. International study UAM https://sites.google.com/view/covid-estres-mx/ (Metropolitana Autonomous University).  Results of the survey "The effects of COVID on the well-being of file:///C:/Users/Vostro/Downloads/comunicado_encovid-19_completo.pdf Mexican households", IBERO (Iberoamericana University).  Preliminary results of the exploratory study on social distancing https://www.ort.edu.mx/noticias/resultados-preliminares-del-estudio-exploratorio-sobre-el-covid-19/ due to COVID, from the ORT University, Mexico.  Drug use during the pandemic, ITSON University. https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSez067kK622MRBN59UL2bGkL- 93V_nGqBMuacTCE3DB5C5W6g/viewform?fbclid=IwAR0LKISQiEs9wgxtaxqXf-Q3vjinqBrw73vPcFVfvBoQyyRqsyNfx8_7mgA  International, GLOBAL DRUG SURVEY. https://www.globaldrugsurvey.world/s3/COVID-19  Survey on alcohol use, Spain https://bildungsportal.sachsen.de/umfragen/limesurvey/index.php/684654?lang=es  Substance Use Study, Brazil. https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdFWpZ7DzdnZVWS-9arU-CM6Iuod2M5JjyL3H0i8ZMLiHeAwQ/viewform

Frequency of alcohol consumption before and during quarantine* 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 32.5 32.2 30.1 27.9 27.9 27.6 30 26.1 24.4 22.9 22.6 22.3 19.2 20 16.6 15 13.3 12.6 8.6 7.5 10 6.6 4.1 0 Hombres Mujeres Never Once a month or less 2 to 4 times per Once a week Daily or almost daily month * p=.000 differences in consumption between men and women before quarantine Source : Tiburcio, M.; Martínez, N.; Fernández, M.; Sánchez, Y.; Arroyo, M.; Natera, G. (2020) Consumption of alcohol, tobacco and other substances during the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19. Project in process, reproduced with permission of the main researcher As of May 31, 2020

Frequency of tobacco use before and during quarantine 100 90 80 70 60.9 57.3 60 53.4 51 50 40 30 23.3 21.9 20.2 20.4 20 13 12.1 9.1 8.1 8.3 10 7.2 6.7 6.7 5.9 5.5 5.1 3.8 0 Hombres Mujeres Never Once a month or less 2 to 4 times per Once per week Daily or almost daily month Source: Tiburcio, M.; Martínez, N.; Fernández, M.; Sánchez, Y.; Arroyo, M.; Natera, G. (2020) ) Consumption of alcohol, tobacco and other substances during the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19. Project in process, reproduced with permission of the main researcher. As of May 31, 2020

Tobacco and Alcohol Consumption in the Mexican Population TOBACCO ALCOHOL Prevalence 11.4% Prevalence 28.8% Quantity of cigarettes or electronic Number of cups before the contingency. cigarettes before the contingency. n % n % Same 67 55.4 147 48.5 Higher 25 20.7 36 11.9 Less 29 24.0 118 38.9 Dont know/No 0 0 2 0.7 Response No. of users 121 303 Source: Shamah Levy, T. Y cols INSP. Results of the ENSARS-VOC-19 study, June 2020.

Frequency of marijuana use before and during quarantine 100 90 90 86.5 82.6 79.1 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 9.5 8.2 10 6.5 4.1 4.3 4.3 3.9 3.6 3.4 2.6 2.3 1.9 2 2 1.7 1.4 0 Hombres Mujeres Never Once a month or less 2 to 4 times per Once per week Daily or almost daily month Fuente: Tiburcio, M.; Martínez, N.; Fernández, M.; Sánchez, Y.; Arroyo, M.; Natera, G. (2020) ) Consumption of alcohol, tobacco and other substances during the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19. Project in process, reproduced with permission of the main researcher As of May 31, 2020

Frequency of tranquilizer use before and during quarantine 100 87.3 90 87.2 78.5 80 75.3 70 60 50 40 30 20 8.3 10 6.8 6.5 5.9 5.5 5 3.6 3.8 3.3 2.8 2.7 2.4 2.2 2.1 1.8 1.5 0 Hombres Mujeres Never Once a month or less 2 to 4 times per Once per week Daily or almost daily month Fuente: Tiburcio, M.; Martínez, N.; Fernández, M.; Sánchez, Y.; Arroyo, M.; Natera, G. (2020) ) Consumption of alcohol, tobacco and other substances during the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19. Project in process, reproduced with permission of the main researcher As of May 31, 2020