Drugs during Confinement: A look at different sources of information - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Drugs during Confinement: A look at different sources of information Jorge Ameth Villatoro Velzquez Coordinator of the Surveys and Data Analysis Unit Ramn de la Fuente Muiz National Institute of Psychiatry Online Training Seminar Drug
Online Training Seminar Drug Research in the Context of COVID-19 OAS-CICAD June 8, 2020
CHANGES IN PRICES DURING COVID-19
Source: Nielsen México, April 8, 2020.
National Consumer Price Index Classification of Individual Consumption by Category
Percentage Change
A c c u m u l a t e d C a s e s
2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000
S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 S9 S10 S11 S12 S13 S14 S15 S16 S17 S18 S19 S20 S21 S22 S23 S24 COVID WITHOUT CONFINEMENT
2020 2019
BEFORE COVID COVID WITH CONFINEMENT
SOURCE: SINAVE/DGE/Salud 2020
300 600 900 1,200 1,500 1,800
S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 S9 S10 S11 S12 S13 S14 S15 S16 S17 S18 S19 S20 S21 S22 S23 S24 COVID WITHOUT CONFINEMENT
2020 2019
BEFORE COVID COVID WITH CONFINEMENT
A c c u m u l a t e d C a s e s Fuente: SINAVE/DGE/Salud 2020
500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500
S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 S9 S10 S11 S12 S13 S14 S15 S16 S17 S18 S19 S20 S21 S22 S23 S24 COVID WITHOUT CONFINEMENT
2020 2019
BEFORE COVID COVID WITH CONFINEMENT
A c c u m m u l a t e d C a s e s Source: SINAVE/DGE/Salud 2020
1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000
S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 S9 S10 S11 S12 S13 S14 S15 S16 S17 S18 S19 S20 S21 S22 S23 S24 COVID WITHOUT CONFINEMENT
2020 2019
BEFORE COVID COVID WITH CONFINEMENT
A c c u n m u l a t e d C a s e s Source: SINAVE/DGE/Salud 2020
5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 35,000
S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 S9 S10 S11 S12 S13 S14 S15 S16 S17 S18 S19 S20 S21 S22 S23 S24 COVID WITHOUT CONFINEMENT
2020 2019
BEFORE COVID COVID WITH CONFINEMENT
A c c u m u l a t e d C a s e s Source: SINAVE/DGE/Salud 2020
300 600 900 1,200 1,500 1,800
S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 S9 S10 S11 S12 S13 S14 S15 S16 S17 S18 S19 S20 S21 S22 S23 S24 COVID WITHOUT CONFINEMENT
2020 2019
COVID WITH CONFINEMENT BEFORE COVID
A c c u m u l a t e d C a s e s Source: SINAVE/DGE/Salud 2020
50 100 150 200 250
S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 S9 S10 S11 S12 S13 S14 S15 S16 S17 S18 S19 S20 S21 S22 S23 S24 COVID WITHOUT CONFINEMENT
2020 2019
COVID WITH CONFINEMENT BEFORE COVID
A c c u m u l a t e d C a s e s Source: SINAVE/DGE/Salud 2020
Ags. Baja California Sur Baja California Campeche Coahuila Chiapas Chihuahua Durango Oaxaca Nayarit Qro. Tamaulipas Tabasco Sonora Sinaloa Yucatán Guerrero Hidalgo Nuevo León Puebla S.L.P.
Veracruz Zacatecas Gto. Colima Mor. Jalisco Michoacán Edo. Mex Tlax.
Morelos
29 deaths
Yucatán
14 poisonings 10 deaths
Campeche
5 deaths
Jalisco
97 poisonings 38 deaths
Puebla
72 deaths
182 deaths identified nationwide
Tlaxcala
3 poisonings
Veracruz
6 poisonings 5 deaths
Coahuila
14 poisonings 4 deaths
Chiapas
3 deaths
Guerrero
16 deaths
Source: CONADIC. As of June 3, 2020.
https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfkKcZelrDzdsLOxdeHL3myLIKbE8MXeGjIhFmj_mr2LDr_Jg/viewform
https://www.facebook.com/173801859497748/posts/1394003227477599/?d=n
https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfK9MJRVj1M0P6TTCvsPnO19m19Ep8gZyp7CLZcYbYb2mJxuQ/closedform
https://sites.google.com/view/covid-formulario
https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdFgA288EexlS0cRjjRnEBVYDP2k8SM6Qf1iejEQIMapypamQ/viewform
https://sars.mx/
https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSds2RqP2LfEz78Orepil7TL5tsf4hjETJFcbqXAxDLiR8-ODQ/viewform
(Metropolitana Autonomous University).
https://sites.google.com/view/covid-estres-mx/
Mexican households", IBERO (Iberoamericana University).
file:///C:/Users/Vostro/Downloads/comunicado_encovid-19_completo.pdf
due to COVID, from the ORT University, Mexico.
https://www.ort.edu.mx/noticias/resultados-preliminares-del-estudio-exploratorio-sobre-el-covid-19/
https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSez067kK622MRBN59UL2bGkL- 93V_nGqBMuacTCE3DB5C5W6g/viewform?fbclid=IwAR0LKISQiEs9wgxtaxqXf-Q3vjinqBrw73vPcFVfvBoQyyRqsyNfx8_7mgA
https://www.globaldrugsurvey.world/s3/COVID-19
https://bildungsportal.sachsen.de/umfragen/limesurvey/index.php/684654?lang=es
https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdFWpZ7DzdnZVWS-9arU-CM6Iuod2M5JjyL3H0i8ZMLiHeAwQ/viewform
6.6 7.5 13.3 12.6 24.4 30.1 22.9 22.3 27.9 32.2 19.2 22.6 32.5 26.1 27.9 27.6 8.6 4.1 16.6 15 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Hombres Mujeres
As of May 31, 2020
* p=.000 differences in consumption between men and women before quarantine Never Once a month or less 2 to 4 times per month Once a week Daily or almost daily Source : Tiburcio, M.; Martínez, N.; Fernández, M.; Sánchez, Y.; Arroyo, M.; Natera, G. (2020) Consumption of alcohol, tobacco and other substances during the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19. Project in process, reproduced with permission of the main researcher
51 53.4 57.3 60.9 13 12.1 7.2 8.1 5.1 5.9 5.5 3.8 9.1 8.3 6.7 6.7 21.9 20.2 23.3 20.4 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Hombres Mujeres
As of May 31, 2020
Never Once a month or less 2 to 4 times per month Once per week Daily or almost daily Source: Tiburcio, M.; Martínez, N.; Fernández, M.; Sánchez, Y.; Arroyo, M.; Natera, G. (2020) ) Consumption of alcohol, tobacco and other substances during the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19. Project in process, reproduced with permission of the main researcher.
TOBACCO Prevalence 11.4% Quantity of cigarettes or electronic cigarettes before the contingency. ALCOHOL Prevalence 28.8% Number of cups before the contingency. n % n % Same 67 55.4 147 48.5 Higher 25 20.7 36 11.9 Less 29 24.0 118 38.9 Dont know/No Response 2 0.7
121 303
Source: Shamah Levy, T. Y cols INSP. Results of the ENSARS-VOC-19 study, June 2020.
79.1 86.5 82.6 90 9.5 8.2 2.6 3.9 3.6 1.9 4.1 1.7 3.4 1.4 4.3 2 4.3 2 6.5 2.3 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Hombres Mujeres
As of May 31, 2020
Never Once a month or less 2 to 4 times per month Once per week Daily or almost daily Fuente: Tiburcio, M.; Martínez, N.; Fernández, M.; Sánchez, Y.; Arroyo, M.; Natera, G. (2020) ) Consumption of alcohol, tobacco and other substances during the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19. Project in process, reproduced with permission of the main researcher
87.3 78.5 87.2 75.3 5.5 8.3 2.8 5.9 1.5 3.6 2.2 5 2.4 2.7 1.8 3.8 3.3 6.8 2.1 6.5 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Hombres Mujeres
As of May 31, 2020
Never Once a month or less 2 to 4 times per month Once per week Daily or almost daily Fuente: Tiburcio, M.; Martínez, N.; Fernández, M.; Sánchez, Y.; Arroyo, M.; Natera, G. (2020) ) Consumption of alcohol, tobacco and other substances during the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19. Project in process, reproduced with permission of the main researcher
Calls for Psychological Support
2018 2019 2020 n % n % n % ADDICTIONS 907 6.61 774 5.04 745 4.26 EMOTIONAL CONFLICTS 7,331 53.44 8,951 58.32 8,554 48.88 SCHOOL 206 1.50 189 1.23 122 0.70 FAMILY 1,480 10.79 1,442 9.40 1,451 8.29 PEER GROUP 56 0.41 57 0.37 55 0.31 LABOR 135 0.98 133 0.87 155 0.89 ENGAGEMENT 182 1.33 325 2.12 301 1.72 COUPLE 1,443 10.52 1,353 8.82 1,685 9.63 HEALTH 145 1.06 145 0.94 188 1.07 SEXUALITY 172 1.25 190 1.24 296 1.69 VIOLENCE 1,662 12.11 1,789 11.66 3,948 22.56 13,719 15,348 17,500 Source: Data Portal of Mexico City. Calls made to women line.
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1,000 ENERO FEBRERO MARZO ABRIL MAYO
Addiction calls per year
2018 2019 2020
The National Institute of Women (Inmujeres), warned that it has seen a 6% increase in emergency calls to 911 for cases of gender violence. Olga Sánchez Cordero, Secretary of the Interior, assured that for the Federal Government it is important to eliminate violence against women, as well as eradicate corruption, which is why there will be sufficient financial resources to address this problem and they will work together with national and international institutions. "We are convinced that promoting public policies, strategies and mechanisms to end sexist violence is so important, as well as banishing the rapacious corruption that was causing so much damage to our country, Sánchez Cordero mentioned."
Organized crime is co-opting women
Between 40 and 50 percent of the femicides that occur in the streets, sometimes by couples, but many times there is this phenomenon that women are spoils of war: "I kill your wife to send a message to you", Nadine Gasman noted. The Secretary of the Interior, Sánchez Cordero said: Unfortunately, women are already being captured as hawks (paid vigilantes) from organized crime, in addition, they hook them with the drug, they give them pills to co-opt them either as being hawks or as sex slaves on the topic of trafficking.
Source: Ortiz A. Emergency calls for gender violence increase 6%: Inmujeres. The Universal; June 25, 2020.
Source Prevencasa A.C.
Source: Prevencasa A.C.
UNODC warns of increased drug use, due to an oversupply at a lower price due to a reduction in demand. The difficulty of obtaining imported inputs for drug production, given border closings and restrictions on international trade, has reduced the supply of synthetic and prepared drugs. Measures that restrict mobility have affected the transit of drug shipments between national borders, the sea route being the least affected, and the use
Source: WDR 2020, presentation by Lic. Sofía Días Menció; Note by Espino M. Crisis and Covid-19: UNODC. The Universal; June 17, 2020.
These restrictive measures, as indicated by the UNODC in its recent World Drug Report, have made the northern border of the country a large store of drugs, due to the low mobility that exists (Reported by Sofía Díaz Menció, in the presentation of the WDR 2020). This difficulty appears to have motivated Mexican cartels more to produce fentanyl in Mexico so as not to depend on inputs from China.
Measures have been taken through messages, especially on social networks, to invite the population to reduce their consumption or not to consume (alcohol, tobacco and other drugs) In particular, a campaign was carried out to inform the population about how to detect the symptoms derived from consuming adulterated alcohol, given the increase in cases of intoxication and deaths from said situation; however, these campaigns must be established on a regular basis and with clearer messages for the entire population, and incorporate local authorities to identify the particular risks of their communities. As clearly mentioned in the WDR, disrupting the finances of criminal groups is one of the best tools to decrease the supply of drugs. However, the population that is dependent on drugs is the most affected by the pandemic, due to the closure of services, government, private, and mutual aid or self-help. Even when help lines or support have been opened through electronic platforms, not everyone in this population has access to a cell phone
Injecting drug users, in particular, have been a population greatly affected by the lack of access to economic resources and support in general. Access to methadone for them is very difficult, even though it would be of great help to them if they were infected by covid-19. Additionally, with less access to naloxone,