BLUE EARTH COUNTY BLUE EARTH COUNTY Drug Drug Court Court Creating a climate for Creating a climate for rehabilitation, recovery rehabilitation, recovery and reducing crime and reducing crime
What is a Drug Court? What is a Drug Court? � Specialized court for drug Specialized court for drug- -using offenders using offenders � � Judicially led team approach Judicially led team approach � � Comprehensive and intensive supervision Comprehensive and intensive supervision � � Judge, probation, law enforcement, treatment Judge, probation, law enforcement, treatment � � Frequent drug testing Frequent drug testing � � Treatment services Treatment services � � Immediate sanctions and incentives Immediate sanctions and incentives �
Court Types Court Types � Adult Adult � Truancy Truancy � � � Juvenile Juvenile � Mental Health Mental Health � � � Family Family � Community Community � � � Domestic Abuse Domestic Abuse �
1,621 Drug Courts in 2004 1,621 Drug Courts in 2004 811 Adult Drug Courts 357 Juvenile Drug Courts 153 Family Dependency Treatment Courts 176 DWI Courts (90/86) 54 Tribal Healing to Wellness Courts 68 Reentry Drug Courts 1 Campus Drug Court 1 Federal Drug Court
Minnesota Drug Courts Minnesota Drug Courts � 6 in January 2002 6 in January 2002 � only 2 of which were drug courts. only 2 of which were drug courts. � � � 28 by December 2006 28 by December 2006 � � 19 Drug Courts (12 Adult, 4 19 Drug Courts (12 Adult, 4 Juv Juv., 1 DWI, 2 ., 1 DWI, 2 Fam Fam.) .) � � 2 Mental Health Courts 2 Mental Health Courts � � 1 Truancy Court (Blue Earth County) 1 Truancy Court (Blue Earth County) � � 2 Community Courts 2 Community Courts � � 4 Teen Courts 4 Teen Courts �
Why Have Drug Courts? Why Have Drug Courts? Punishment Punishment or or Rehabilitation Rehabilitation ????? ?????
What if we JUST refer them to What if we JUST refer them to TREATMENT? TREATMENT? � 50% to 67% don 50% to 67% don’ ’t show for intake t show for intake � � 40% to 80% drop out in 3 months 40% to 80% drop out in 3 months � � 90% drop out in 12 months 90% drop out in 12 months � Outcomes Outcomes � 40% to 60% of clients abstinent at 1 year 40% to 60% of clients abstinent at 1 year � Treatment Research Institute, 2003 Treatment Research Institute, 2003
What if we JUST put them in What if we JUST put them in PRISON? PRISON? Treatment is Voluntary Treatment is Voluntary 29.9% rearrested within six months 29.9% rearrested within six months 68% rearrested within three years. 68% rearrested within three years. (Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2002) 1998/15 states (Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2002) 1998/15 states 95% relapse within three 95% relapse within three years . years . (Treatment Research Institute, 2002) (Treatment Research Institute, 2002)
10 Key Components of the Drug 10 Key Components of the Drug Court Philosophy Court Philosophy � Key component #1. Key component #1. � � Drug courts integrate alcohol and other drug Drug courts integrate alcohol and other drug � treatment services with justice system case treatment services with justice system case processing. processing. � Key component #2. Key component #2. � � Using a non Using a non- -adversarial approach, prosecution and adversarial approach, prosecution and � defense counsel promote public safety while defense counsel promote public safety while protecting participants' due process rights. protecting participants' due process rights.
10 Key Components 10 Key Components � Key component #3 Key component #3 � � Eligible participants are identified early and Eligible participants are identified early and � promptly placed in the drug court program. promptly placed in the drug court program. � Key component #4 Key component #4 � � Drug courts provide access to a continuum of Drug courts provide access to a continuum of � alcohol, drug, and other related treatment and alcohol, drug, and other related treatment and rehabilitation services. rehabilitation services.
10 Key Components 10 Key Components � Key component #5 Key component #5 � � Frequent alcohol and other drug testing Frequent alcohol and other drug testing � monitor abstinence. monitor abstinence. � Key component #6 Key component #6 � � A coordinated strategy governs drug court A coordinated strategy governs drug court � responses to participants' compliance. responses to participants' compliance.
10 Key Components 10 Key Components � Key component #7 Key component #7 � � Ongoing judicial interaction with each drug Ongoing judicial interaction with each drug � court participant is essential. court participant is essential. � Key component #8 Key component #8 � � Monitoring and evaluation measure the Monitoring and evaluation measure the � achievement of program goals and gauge achievement of program goals and gauge effectiveness. effectiveness.
10 Key Components 10 Key Components � Key component #9 Key component #9 � � Continuing interdisciplinary education Continuing interdisciplinary education � promotes effective drug court planning, promotes effective drug court planning, implementation, and operations. implementation, and operations. � Key component #10 Key component #10 � � Forging partnerships among drug courts, Forging partnerships among drug courts, � public agencies, and community- -based based public agencies, and community organizations generates local support and organizations generates local support and enhances drug court program effectiveness. enhances drug court program effectiveness.
Treatment Research Findings Treatment Research Findings � The length of time a patient spent in The length of time a patient spent in � treatment was a reliable predictor of his or treatment was a reliable predictor of his or her post treatment performance . her post treatment performance . Beyond a ninety- -day threshold, treatment outcomes improved in a day threshold, treatment outcomes improved in a Beyond a ninety direct relationship to the length of time spent in treatment, with one th one direct relationship to the length of time spent in treatment, wi year generally found to be the minimum effective duration of year generally found to be the minimum effective duration of treatment. treatment. � Coerced patients tended to stay longer Coerced patients tended to stay longer . . � This was in light of the finding that most of the legally coerced d This was in light of the finding that most of the legally coerce addicts had more crime and gang involvement, more drug use, and addicts had more crime and gang involvement, more drug use, and worse employment records than their non- worse employment records than their non -coerced counterparts. coerced counterparts.
Drug Court Research Findings Drug Court Research Findings For every dollar spent on drug court in “ For every dollar spent on drug court in “ Multnomah County, Oregon, ten dollars Multnomah County, Oregon, ten dollars were saved.” ” were saved. Finigan, Finigan , 1998 1998 “A total savings to the local taxpayer over a A total savings to the local taxpayer over a “ thirty- -month period was $5,071.57 or a month period was $5,071.57 or a thirty savings of $1,521,471 per year.” ” savings of $1,521,471 per year. Carey & Carey & Finigan, 2003 Finigan , 2003
Statewide Research Findings Statewide Research Findings Based on the Center for Court I nnovation’s study of New York drug courts, the State Court System estimates that $254 million in incarceration costs were saved by diverting 18,000 non-violent drug offenders
Drug Court Research Findings Drug Court Research Findings “The body of literature on recidivism is The body of literature on recidivism is “ now strong enough to conclude that now strong enough to conclude that completing a drug court program reduces completing a drug court program reduces the likelihood of further involvement in the likelihood of further involvement in the the criminal justice system.” ” criminal justice system. Vera: Fluellen Fluellen & & Trone Trone, 2000 , 2000 Vera:
Blue Earth County Blue Earth County Drug Court Team Drug Court Team � Judge, Court Reporter, Prosecutor, Judge, Court Reporter, Prosecutor, � Defense, Probation, Treatment, Law Defense, Probation, Treatment, Law Enforcement, Coordinator Enforcement, Coordinator � Conducts weekly pre Conducts weekly pre- -court staffings court staffings – – � Monday’ ’s at noon (or Tuesday, when a s at noon (or Tuesday, when a Monday holiday falls on Monday holiday falls on Monday � Considers new referrals to Drug Court Considers new referrals to Drug Court � � Weekly updates on Drug Court participants Weekly updates on Drug Court participants �
Eligibility Eligibility � Adult non Adult non- -violent violent � offenders offenders � Controlled Controlled- - � substance crimes substance crimes and felony DWI and felony DWI crimes crimes � Probation Violators Probation Violators � whose primary whose primary problem is AOD problem is AOD
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