Division of Criminal Justice Services 2009 Drug Law Reform Update - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Division of Criminal Justice Services 2009 Drug Law Reform Update - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Division of Criminal Justice Services 2009 Drug Law Reform Update June 2011 June 2011 April 2009 April 2009 Sentencing Changes Took Effect Eliminated mandatory minimum prison sentences for 1 st B drug convictions (can now go to jail or

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SLIDE 1

Division of Criminal Justice Services 2009 Drug Law Reform Update June 2011 June 2011

April 2009 April 2009 Sentencing Changes Took Effect

  • Eliminated mandatory minimum prison sentences for 1st B drug convictions (can now go to jail or probation)
  • Reduced minimum prison sentence for 2nd B drug convictions from 3½ years to 2 years
  • Eliminated mandatory minimum prison sentences for 2nd C, D, and E drug convictions (jail or probation now an option)

Eliminated mandatory minimum prison sentences for 2 C, D, and E drug convictions (jail or probation now an option)

  • Expanded eligibility for Shock participation: age limit increased to 49; “aging in” authorized; B 2nd drug offenders now eligible
  • Expanded eligibility to Willard Drug Treatment Campus for those convicted of 1st felony B drug offenses, 2nd felony C drug
  • ffenses, and Burglary 3rd
  • Division of Parole authorized to discharge nonviolent drug offenders prior to their maximum expiration date

June 2009

  • Conditional sealing provisions took effect

October 2009

  • Judicial diversion statute took effect with B, C, D, and E drug offenders and specified property offenders eligible
  • Resentencing authorized for indeterminately sentenced B felony drug offenders in State DOCS custody

November 2009

  • New crimes in effect: B Felony Sale to a Child, A-I Operating as a Major Trafficker

Reports and information on the drug law changes can be found at: http://criminaljustice.state.ny.us/drug-law-reform/index.html

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SLIDE 2

6/13/2011 1

Thank You To Our Partners

This work would not be possible without the ongoing assistance of our colleagues: OCA Joe Parisio, Kevin Lasko, Glenn Poore, Sky Davis OASAS Dawn Lambert-Wacey, Gail Dorn, Bill Phillips TASC Tania Chandler TASC Tania Chandler DCCS Paul Korotkin, Diane Holford, Tim O’Brien, Mike Buckman NYC DOC Eric Sorenson DCJS Tom Slater, Heidi Bonner, Jing Liu

Drug Offenders in Prison Declined 64% Since Peak in 1996; Down 3,601 since 2008

Drug Offenders Under DOCS Custody (Year End)

23,511 22,266 18,363 14,249 11,936 10,319 8,661 8,335 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 2 Source: DOCS 5,000 1996 1999 2002 2005 2008 2009 2010 4/30/11

Felony Drug Commitments to DOCS down (-38%) since 2006

7,000 Annual Drug Commitments to DOCS, 2006-2010 6,039 6,148 5,190 4,319 3,756 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 3 Source: DOCS 1,000 2,000 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Article 216 Property Commitments to DOCS down (-17%) since 2006

7,000 Annual Specified Property Commitments to DOCS, 2006-2010 2,200 2,230 2,052 2,004 1 825 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 4 Source: DOCS , 2,004 1,825 1,000 2,000 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
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SLIDE 3

6/13/2011 2

New York City Violent Crime Increased in 2010

New York City 2009 vs. 2010

  • 0.1%

4.6% 13.8% 24.5% 5.4% 3.2%

  • 1.7% -4.5% -1.0% -3.5%
  • 10.0%
  • 5.0%
0.0% 5.0% 10.0% 15.0% 20.0% 25.0% 5
  • 20.0%
  • 15.0%
Source: DCJS, UCR/IBR reporting system (4/26/2011)

NYC Crime Down (-1.7%) so far in 2011

New York City Crime YTD 2010 vs. 2011 Through May 22, 2011

  • 1.7%
  • 2 3%

19.0% 2 8% 5.5%

  • 0.9%
  • 5.0%
0.0% 5.0% 10.0% 15.0% 20.0% 25.0% 6

1.7% 2.3%

  • 2.8%
  • 5.4%
  • 10.7%
  • 15.0%
  • 10.0%
5.0% TOTAL Murder Rape Robbery Fel. Assault Burglary Gr. Larceny
  • Gr. Lar.
Auto Source: NYPD CompStat Report (05/22/2011) Rape includes all degrees of rape; assaults include only felonies; and total larcenies not shown.

Crime Outside New York City 2009 vs. 2010

Outside New York City, Violent Crime Down (-4%), Burglary up in 2010

  • 0.2%
  • 4.3%

4.5%

  • 1.0%
  • 7.3%
  • 3.1%

0.3% 6.2%

  • 0.5%

9 4%

  • 10.0%
  • 5.0%
0.0% 5.0% 10.0% 15.0%
  • 9.4%
  • 20.0%
  • 15.0%
Source: DCJS, UCR/IBR reporting system (5/4/2011) 7

Outside NYC, Declines Across All Crime Categories in 1st Qtr of 2011

Crime Outside New York City
  • 10.5% -12.1%
  • 11.5% -12.2%
  • 11.3% -10.3% -10.3%
  • 9.9%
  • 16.7%
  • 40.0%
  • 30.0%
  • 20.0%
  • 10.0%
0.0% 10.0% First Quarter (94% coverage) 2011 vs. 2010 8
  • 50.6%
  • 60.0%
  • 50.0%
40.0% Source: DCJS, UCR/IBR reporting system (5/24/2011)
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SLIDE 4

6/13/2011 3

New York City Felony Drug Trends

30,284 35,000 Felony Drug Trends NYC: 2001 - 2010 30,284 22,784 12,095 6,680 4,619 2,019 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 9 Source: DCJS Felony Processing File 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Arrests 30,284 29,167 23,711 25,507 27,231 29,053 31,169 28,764 25,959 22,784 Indictments 12,095 11,613 9,388 9,149 9,474 8,896 8,962 7,839 7,619 6,680 Commitments 4,619 4,433 4,149 3,317 3,183 3,254 3,241 2,484 2,339 2,019 ,

NYC Felony Drug Arrests Down (-27% ) Since 2007

30 284 32,000 Felony Drug Arrests NYC: 2001 - 2010 30,284 22,784 24,000 26,000 28,000 30,000 10 Source: DCJS Felony Processing File 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Arrests 30,284 29,167 23,711 25,507 27,231 29,053 31,169 28,764 25,959 22,784 20,000 22,000

NYC Felony Drug Indictments Down (-25%) Since 2007

12,095 13,000 Felony Drug Indictments NYC: 2001 - 2010 12,095 6 680 7 000 8,000 9,000 10,000 11,000 12,000 11 Source: DCJS Felony Processing File 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Indictments 12,095 11,613 9,388 9,149 9,474 8,896 8,962 7,839 7,619 6,680 6,680 5,000 6,000 7,000

NYC Felony Drug Commitments to Prison Down (-38%) Since 2007

4,619 5,000 Felony Drug Commitments NYC: 2001 - 2010 , 2,019 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000 4,500 12 Source: DCJS Felony Processing File 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Commitments 4,619 4,433 4,149 3,317 3,183 3,254 3,241 2,484 2,339 2,019 ,0 9 1,000 1,500 2,000
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SLIDE 5

6/13/2011 4

Rest of State Felony Drug Trends

14,000 Felony Drug Trends Rest of State: 2001 - 2010 9,958 10,643 5,442 5,456 1,989 1,736 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 13 Source: DCJS Felony Processing File 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Arrests 9,958 10,929 10,644 11,456 11,880 13,223 12,804 11,421 10,812 10,643 Indictments 5,442 5,724 6,008 6,001 6,375 7,139 7,109 6,539 5,703 5,456 Commitments 1,989 2,211 2,392 2,350 2,656 2,806 2,907 2,706 1,980 1,736 2,000

Rest of State Felony Drug Arrests Down (-17%) Since 2007

14,000 Felony Drug Arrests Rest of State: 2001 - 2010 9,958 10,643 10,000 11,000 12,000 13,000 14 Source: DCJS Felony Processing File 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Arrests 9,958 10,929 10,644 11,456 11,880 13,223 12,804 11,421 10,812 10,643 8,000 9,000

Rest of State Felony Drug Indictments Down (-23%)

7,500 Felony Drug Indictments Rest of State: 2001 - 2010 5,442 5,456 5 000 5,500 6,000 6,500 7,000 15 Source: DCJS Felony Processing File 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Indictments 5,442 5,724 6,008 6,001 6,375 7,139 7,109 6,539 5,703 5,456 4,000 4,500 5,000

Rest of State Felony Drug Commitments to Prison Down (-40%) Since 2007

3,500 Felony Drug Commitments Rest of State: 2001 - 2010 1,989 1,736 2,000 2,500 3,000 16 Source: DCJS Felony Processing File 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Commitments 1,989 2,211 2,392 2,350 2,656 2,806 2,907 2,706 1,980 1,736 1,000 1,500
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SLIDE 6

6/13/2011 5

Arrest Trends Jan –Apr 2010 vs. 2011

County Jan-Apr Total VFO Felony Drug Other Felony Misd. New York City 2010 116,862 8,633 8,653 13,628 85,371 2011 117,864 8,665 7,729 13,079 87,860 % chg 0.9% 0.4%

  • 10.7%
  • 4.0%

2.9% Rest of State 2010 79,660 5,333 3,880 10,899 56,953 2011 73,832 4,959 3,273 10,154 53,029 % chg

  • 7 3%
  • 7 0%
  • 15 6%
  • 6 8%
  • 6 9%

% chg

  • 7.3%
  • 7.0%
  • 15.6%
  • 6.8%
  • 6.9%

New York State 2010 196,522 13,966 12,533 24,527 142,324 2011 191,696 13,624 11,002 23,233 140,889 % chg

  • 2.5%
  • 2.0%
  • 12.2%
  • 6.3%
  • 1.0%
Source: CCH Data as of 5/30/2011

NYC Felony Drug Indictments Jan-April 2010 vs. 2011

NYC Felony Drug Indictments January - April

County 2010 2011 2010-2011 change Bronx 665 621

  • 6.6%

Kings 499 422

  • 15.4%

Queens 213 190

  • 10 8%
Source: DCJS

Queens 213 190

  • 10.8%

New York 559 433

  • 22.5%

Richmond 41 64 56.1% Special Narcotics 390 338

  • 13.3%

Total NYC 2,367 2,068

  • 12.6%

Majority of Felony Drug Arrests and Indictments In NYC are Class Bs

Felony Offense Class of Drug Arrests and Indictments, 2010 Felony Offense Class Arrests Indictments # % # % Class A-I 609 3% 244 4% Class A-II 558 2% 196 3% Class B 16,324 72% 4,795 72%

19 Source: DCJS

Class C 1,338 6% 433 6% Class D 3,210 14% 911 14% Class E 754 3% 101 2% Total 22,793 100% 6,680 100%

Majority of Felony Drug Arrests and Indictments In Rest of State are Class Bs

Felony Offense Class of Drug Arrests and Indictments, 2010 Felony Offense Class Arrests Indictments # % # % Class A-I 158 1% 80 1% Class A-II 309 3% 191 4% Class B 6,440 60% 3,439 63%

20 Source: DCJS

Class C 1,015 10% 643 12% Class D 2,301 22% 858 16% Class E 445 4% 245 4% Total 10,668 100% 5,456 100%

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SLIDE 7

6/13/2011 6

Judicial Diversion – How DCJS is Defining Article 216-Eligible Cases

  • DCJS working closely with OCA on data

DCJS working closely with OCA on data

  • Cases from OCA’s Universal Treatment Application (UTA)

are matched to the DCJS Computerized Criminal History File (CCH) to determine indictment/SCI offense

  • Extensive validation is done at DCJS to ensure accuracy
  • C

ti r l ll mp ri f imil r b f r

  • Counting rules allow comparisons of similar cases before

and after drug law changes

21

Judicial Diversion – How DCJS is Defining Article 216-Eligible Cases

  • Counts include cases involving felony class B-E drug

Counts include cases involving felony class B E drug

  • ffenses and property offenses specified in Article 216 of

the Criminal Procedure Law

  • Eligible cases include many felony drug charges that do not

require a prison sentence upon conviction

  • Eligible cases also include property offenses that do not

Eligible cases also include property offenses that do not require a prison sentence upon conviction

  • Cases must remain in felony court to be counted
22

Article 216-eligible Drug Court Screening Outcomes 2010

NYC Rest of State Admitted 27% No Addiction 4% A216 Hearing <1% Other 19% Admitted 60% No Addiction A216 Hearing 4% Other 21% Refused 20% DA Determin 29% Refused 6% DA Determ 4% Addiction 5% Source: OCA UTA

Drug Court Screening Outcomes

  • Statewide, 40% of the Article 216-eligible offenders

screened were admitted into drug court programs screened were admitted into drug court programs

  • Admission rates differ between NYC and rest of state

due to major differences in screening processes

24
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SLIDE 8

6/13/2011 7

NYC A216 Screenings for Felony Drug Court

1 247 1,400 NYC Article 216 Screenings for Drug Court by Quarter, January 2008-December 2010 952 930 933 846 901 743 781 1,247 1,063 1,010 864 833 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 25 Source: OCA UTA Jan08- Mar08 Apr08- Jun08 Jul08- Sep08 Oct08- Dec08 Jan09- Mar09 Apr09- Jun09 Jul09- Sep09 Oct09- Dec09 Jan10- Mar10 Apr10- Jun10 Jul10- Sep10 Oct10- Dec10 Drug 720 649 645 586 679 557 575 976 822 736 608 612 Specified Property 232 281 288 260 222 186 206 271 241 274 256 221 200 400

Rest of State A216 Screenings for Felony Drug Court

1 400 Rest of State Article 216 Screenings for Drug Court by Quarter, January 2008-December 2010 257 250 233 235 275 768 691 682 622 577 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 26 Source: OCA UTA Jan08- Mar08 Apr08- Jun08 Jul08- Sep08 Oct08- Dec08 Jan09- Mar09 Apr09- Jun09 Jul09- Sep09 Oct09- Dec09 Jan10- Mar10 Apr10- Jun10 Jul10- Sep10 Oct10- Dec10 Drug 99 130 132 93 109 128 126 505 465 442 394 347 Specified Property 107 127 118 112 124 107 149 263 226 240 228 230 206 257 250 205 233 235 200

NYC A216 Admissions to Drug Court

500 NYC Article 216 Admissions to Drug Court by Quarter, January 2008-December 2010 99 122 135 110 141 139 166 270 240 257 210 232 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 27 Source: OCA UTA Jan- Mar08 Apr- Jun08 Jul- Sep08 Oct- Dec08 Jan- Mar09 Apr- Jun09 Jul- Sep09 Oct- Dec09 Jan- Mar10 Apr- Jun 10 Jul- Sep10 Oct- Dec10 Drug 88 111 120 94 132 130 156 236 211 217 174 198 Specified Property 11 11 15 16 9 9 10 34 29 40 36 34 50 100

Rest of State A216 Admissions to Drug Court

473 500 Rest of State Article 216 Admissions to Drug Court by Quarter, January 2008-December 2010 103 145 155 163 138 155 169 299 473 443 361 317 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 28 Source: OCA UTA Jan08- Mar08 Apr08- Jun08 Jul08- Sep08 Oct08- Dec08 Jan09- Mar09 Apr09- Jun09 Jul09- Sep09 Oct09- Dec09 Jan10- Mar10 Apr10- Jun10 Jul10- Sep10 Oct10- Dec10 Drug 50 67 75 74 60 72 84 182 301 294 213 175 Specified Property 53 78 80 93 78 83 85 117 172 149 148 142 50 100
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SLIDE 9

6/13/2011 8 Most Article 216 Eligible Cases Admitted to Drug Court are Not Facing a Mandatory Prison Sentence

Top Arraignment Charge for Article 216 Drug Court Admissions: 2010

Total Article 216 Admissions NYC Rest of State TOTAL 939 1,594 2,533 Facing Mandatory Prison NYC Rest of State Total B 2nd Drug 248 189 437 Percent of All Admissions 26% 12% 17% Not Facing Mandatory Prison NYC Rest of State Total Other Drug 552 794 1,346 Specified Property 139 611 750 Total Non-Mandatory 691 1,405 2,096 Percent of All Admissions 74% 88% 83% Source: OCA UTA and DCJS CCH

DA Consent For Drug Court Admissions As Reflected On OCA Database

13% 1%

NYC

2%

Rest of State

16%

Source: OCA UTA

86% Yes No Don't Know 82% Yes No Don't Know

Article 216 Judicial Hearings As Reflected On OCA Database

  • Hearing information is available from January 2010

H i h b d i 355 250

  • Hearings have been requested in 355 cases; 250

(70%) found eligible for drug court

  • Nearly 60% of hearings reported occurred in five

counties: Dutchess (53), Erie (22), Monroe (64), Onondaga (43), and Westchester (23) Onondaga (43), and Westchester (23)

  • 13% of hearings occurred in NYC
  • 224 offenders have been admitted to drug court after

requesting an A216 Hearing (9% of admissions)

31

About Half of A216 Drug Court Treatment Records Show a Residential Placement

Highest Level of Treatment by Region (2010)

51% 49%

NYC (2010)

48% 52%

Rest of State (2010)

g y g ( )

49% Residential Outpatient 48% Residential Outpatient

Source: OCA UTA
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SLIDE 10

6/13/2011 9

Duration of Drug Court Treatment Plan (2010) NYC ROS Duration 2010 2010 up to 17 months 67% 37% 33% 63% 18 months or more 33% 63%

Source: OCA UTA

Primary Drug of Choice among Article 216-eligible Drug Court Participants

NYC ROS Drug of Choice 2010 2010 Drug of Choice 2010 2010 Alcohol 5% 7% Crack/Cocaine 22% 22% Heroin 20% 18% Marijuana 44% 34% O i 2% 12% Opiates 2% 12% Other (consists mainly

  • f prescription drugs

7% 7% Total 100% 100%

Source: OCA UTA

NYC DTAP Admissions 2008 vs. 2010

A216 Non- A216 Non- 2008 2010 A216 Drug Specified Property A216 Other

Total 2008

A216 Drug Specified Property A216 Other

Total 2010

Bronx 224 1 4

229

248 4 8

260

Kings 72 19 15

106

78 24 27

129

Queens 16 7 8

31

34 3 7

44

New York 8

8

Data not available

35 Source: TASC/EAC & DTAP Programs

New York 8

8

Staten Island 9 1

10

2 1 1

4*

Special Narcotics 114

114

36

36

Total NYC 443 27 28

498

398 32 43

473

*January-June 2010 Data not available

Criminal Justice Populations Down

NYS Criminal Justice Populations Dec Dec Dec % Change % Change 1999 2008 2010 2010 vs. 1999 2010 vs. 2008 New York City Jails 15,959 12,692 12,062
  • 24%
  • 5%
Probation 48,898 44,022 41,255
  • 16%
  • 6%
Prison 46,798 30,201 27,218
  • 42%
  • 10%
Parole 33,733 23,383 21,647
  • 36%
  • 7%
NYC Total 145,388 110,298 102,182
  • 30%
  • 7%
36 Source: DCJS Rest of State Jails 15,787 16,385 16,534 5% 1% Probation 87,631 78,142 79,762
  • 9%
2% Prison 24,674 29,880 29,097 18%
  • 3%
Parole 17,373 18,372 17,008
  • 2%
  • 7%
Rest of State Total 145,465 142,779 142,401
  • 2%
<1%
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SLIDE 11

6/13/2011 10

11,355 10,602
  • 753

NYC Residential Admissions to Treatment: Criminal Justice vs. Other Adult Admissions

6,873 5,815 10,602
  • 1,058
(-15%) (-7%) 4,482 4,787 2008 2010 CJ Other +305 (+7%) 37 Source: OASAS 52,914 51,374
  • 1,540
( 3%)

NYC Outpatient Admissions to Treatment: Criminal Justice vs. Other Adult Admissions

35,386 35,367 (-3%)
  • 19
(0%) 17,528 16,007 2008 2010 CJ Other
  • 1,521
(-9%) 38 Source: OASAS 6 705 7,252 +547 (+8%)

Rest of State Residential Admissions to Treatment: Criminal Justice and Other Adult Admissions

4,652 4,884 6,705 +232 (+5% ( ) 2,053 2,368 2008 2010 CJ Other +315 (+15%) 39 Source: OASAS 87,110 88,709 +1,599 ( 2%)

Rest of State Outpatient Admissions to Treatment: Criminal Justice vs. Other Adult Admissions

52,635 50,753
  • 1,884
(-4%) (+2%) 34,475 37,956 2008 2010 CJ Other +3,481 (+10%) 40 Source: OASAS
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SLIDE 12

6/13/2011 11 Clients in OASAS-Licensed Residential Programs at end of Month: Jan 08 – Dec 10

8,000 9,000 t 2 000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 , mber of Admissions in Treatment 41 Source: NYS OASAS CDS (Admission‐Discharge Data) Extract: May 22, 2011 1,000 2,000 Num Month CJ Other All October 2009

Clients in OASAS-Licensed Outpatient Programs at end of Month: Jan 08 – Dec 10

55 000 60,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 35,000 40,000 45,000 50,000 55,000 er of Admissions in Treatment 42 Source: NYS OASAS CDS (Admission‐Discharge Data) Extract: May 22, 2011 5,000 10,000 Numbe Month CJ Other All October 2009

Treatment Utilization

  • Two factors involved in reviewing

ili i / d d utilization/treatment demand

– Admissions (includes admissions and re-admissions) – Retention (as measured by End of Month Census)

  • Criminal Justice clients generally have higher

retention and fewer re-admissions. retention and fewer re admissions.

***

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SLIDE 13

6/13/2011 12 Felony Drug Sentences to Probation have Declined Due to Fewer Cases in Pipeline and a Shift in Dispositions

Total Felony Drug Sentenced to Probation 2008 2009 2010 Change 08-10 % Change NYC 1,409 1,123 904

  • 505
  • 36%

Rest of State 1,733 1,633 1,281

  • 452
  • 26%
Source: DCJS CCH

Felony Drug Sentences to Jail Increased Due to Shift in Dispositions (From Prison & Probation)

Felony Drug Sentences to Jail 2008 2009 2010 Change 08-10 % Change NYC 893 1,088 1,021 128 14% Rest of State 544 553 579 35 6%

* Jail Sentences include Time Served Sentences Source: DCJS CCH

Despite Increase in Jail Sentences, NYC Felony Drug Offender Jail Census Down

NYC Rikers Island End of Month Census

1,500 2,000 2,500

Sentenced

2,250 1,955 1,609

1,500 2,000 2,500

Unsentenced

Felony Drug Offenders

47

324 315 279

500 1,000 2009 2010 2011 500 1,000 2009 2010 2011 As of March 31

Increase in NYC Jail Sentences for Felony Drug Offenders Has Negligible Impact

2010 Average (mean) Jail Sentence 298 days g ( ) J y Less Average Time Served

  • 152 days

Time Left to Serve at Sentencing 146 days Good Time Reduction (assumed)

  • 98 days

Time Left to Serve 48 days

48

Projected Impact on System:

48 days x 128 Inmates / 365 Days = 16 Beds

  • f 13,400 Available
slide-14
SLIDE 14

6/13/2011 13

NYC Drug Commitments to Prison Down 466 (-19%)

Felony Class Commitment Year % Change 2008 2010 A-I 1st and 2nd 10 19 90% A-II 1st and 2nd 137 155 13% B 1st 562 450

  • 20%

B 2nd 354 595 68% C 2nd 516 293

  • 43%

D 2nd 563 304

  • 46%

E 2 d 96 73 24%

49 Source: DOCS Admission file

E 2nd 96 73

  • 24%

C 1st 129 66

  • 49%

D 1st 110 59

  • 46%

E 1st 7 4

  • 43%

Total 2,484 2,018

  • 19%

Rest of State Drug Commitments to Prison Down 968 (-36%)

Felony Class Commitment Year % Change 2008 2010 A-I 1st and 2nd 13 16 23% A-II 1st and 2nd 116 87

  • 25%

B 1st 636 376

  • 41%

B 2nd 389 356

  • 8%

C 2nd 496 270

  • 46%

D 2nd 382 203

  • 47%

E 2nd 84 54 36%

50 Source: DOCS Admission file

E 2nd 84 54

  • 36%

C 1st 292 172

  • 41%

D 1st 268 169

  • 37%

E 1st 30 35 17% Total 2,706 1,738

  • 36%

NYC Drug Commitments to Prison by Quarter

800 Drug Commitments to DOCS from NYC by Quarter, Jan 2008-Mar 2011 665 627 615 577 699 613 506 521 453 553 510 503 492 300 400 500 600 700 800 51 Source: DOCS Admission file 100 200 JAN-MAR 08 APR-JUN 08 JUL-SEP 08 OCT-DEC 08 JAN-MAR 09 APR-JUN 09 JUL-SEP 09 OCT-DEC 09 JAN-MAR 10 APR-JUN 10 JUL-SEP 10 OCT-DEC 10 JAN-MAR 11

Rest of State Drug Commitments to Prison by Quarter

800 Drug Commitments to DOCS from Rest of State by Quarter, Jan 2008-Mar 2011 711 714 631 650 576 518 456 430 427 413 458 438 415 300 400 500 600 700 800 52 Source: DOCS Admission file 100 200 JAN-MAR 08 APR-JUN 08 JUL-SEP 08 OCT-DEC 08 JAN-MAR 09 APR-JUN 09 JUL-SEP 09 OCT-DEC 09 JAN-MAR 10 APR-JUN 10 JUL-SEP 10 OCT-DEC 10 JAN-MAR 11
slide-15
SLIDE 15

6/13/2011 14 Initial Sentence/Treatment among NYC 1st Felony B

Drug Indictments Before vs. After Law Changes

NYC First Felony B Drug Indictments Sentenced or Diverted 2008 vs. 2010 2% 31% 22% 13% 16% 23% 21% 40% 60% 80% 100% Prison Jail Probation/Split Other Felony Misd or Lesser Conv 53 12% 15% 0% 0% 19% 24% 1% 0% 20% 2008 (N=2,665) 2010 (N=2,109)
  • Misd. or Lesser Conv.
DTAP Drug Court

NYC: Initial Sentence or Treatment Admission: 1st Felony B Drug

  • Data from DCJS felony processing, drug court and

DTAP admissions files were combined to compare DTAP admissions files were combined to compare initial case decisions before and after the drug law changes

  • Less than a quarter of 1st felony B drug indictments

resulted in an initial prison sentence in NYC, both before and after drug law changes before and after drug law changes

  • Percentage admitted into treatment increased, with drug

court increasing from 12% to 15%

54

Conviction Class among NYC 1st Felony B Drug Indictments (No class for Treatment admissions)

Conviction Class among NYC First Felony B Drug Indictments

14% 6% 32% 7% 24% 50% 40% 60% 80% 100%

NYC First Felony B Drug Indictments 2008 vs. 2010

B Felony C Felony D/E Felony 55 12% 15% 19% 21% 4% 0% 20% 2008 (N=2,665) 2010 (N=2,109) Misd/Lesser Treatment

Conviction Class of 1st Felony B Drug Indictments

  • Percentage of 1st felony B drug indictments

remaining class B felonies at conviction increased from 24% to 50% after drug law changes

  • Percentage reduced to Cs dropped from 32% to

Percentage reduced to Cs dropped from 32% to 7%

  • Percentage reduced to misdemeanors/lesser
  • ffenses increased slightly from 19% to 21%
56
slide-16
SLIDE 16

6/13/2011 15

Initial Sentence/Treatment of NYC 2nd Felony B Drug Indictments Before vs. After Law Changes

NYC Repeat Felony B Drug Indictments Sentenced or Diverted 2008 vs 2010 5% 4% 4% 11% 56% 46% 40% 60% 80% 100% 2008 vs. 2010 Prison Jail Probation/Split Other Felony 57 1% 10% 17% 14% 15% 13% 5% 0% 20% 2008 (N=2,469) 2010 (N=2,365)
  • Misd. or Lesser Conv.
DTAP Drug Court

NYC: Initial Sentence or Treatment Admission: 2nd Felony B Drug

  • The percentage of second felony B’s sentenced to

prison decreased from 56% to 46% prison decreased from 56% to 46%

  • The proportion sentenced to jail increased from 4% to

11%

  • Treatment admissions increased from 18% to 24%
  • DTAP decreased from 17% to 14%

D C i d f 1% 10%

  • Drug Court increased from 1% to 10%
58

Conviction Class among NYC 2nd Felony B Drug Indictments (No class for Treatment admissions)

Conviction Class among NYC Second Felony B Drug Indictments 2008 2010

21% 13% 24% 11% 18% 34% 40% 60% 80% 100%

2008 vs. 2010

B Felony C Felony D/E Felony Mi d/L 59 18% 24% 19% 18% 0% 20% 2008 (N=2,469) 2010 (N=2,365) Misd/Lesser Treatment

Conviction Class of 2nd Felony B Drug Indictments

  • Percentage of 2nd felony B drug indictments

remaining class B felonies at conviction increased from 18% to 34% after drug law changes

  • Percentage reduced to C’s decreased from 24%

to 11% to 11%

  • Percentage reduced to D’s and E’s decreased

from 24% to 13%

60
slide-17
SLIDE 17

6/13/2011 16 Because of Fewer 1st B Drug Commitments with 1 Yr Sentences, Median Sentence has Increased

42

NYC

48

Rest of State

18 18 24 42 18 18 18 42

CLASS D CLASS C CLASS B CLASS A-II

18 24 30 48 18 24 24 48

CLASS D CLASS C CLASS B CLASS A-II 61 Source: DOCS Admission file

18 12

6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 CLASS E 2008 2010

18 18

6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 CLASS E 2008 2010

Number of 1st B’s Receiving the Minimum (1 yr) Determinate Sentence Declined 57%

1st Felony B Drug Prison Sentences y g Number w/Minimum Sentence (1 yr)

2008 2010 Change 08-10 % Change Minimum Sentence 419 179

  • 240
  • 57%
62 Source: DOCS Admission file

Above Minimum 682 604

  • 78
  • 11%

Total 1,101 783

  • 318
  • 29%
Note: Excludes “mixed” sentenced cases

Second Felony Drug Commitments Median Sentence in Months

96 CLASS A II

NYC

84 CLASS A II

Rest of State

30 24 30 72 18 30 42 CLASS D CLASS C CLASS B CLASS A-II 30 36 42 72 24 36 48 CLASS D CLASS C CLASS B CLASS A-II 63 Source: DOCS Admission file 24 30 24 12 24 36 48 60 72 84 96 CLASS E 2008 2010 24 30 18 12 24 36 48 60 72 84 96 CLASS E 2008 2010

Prison Sentence Length Has Declined for 2nd Felony Drug Commitments

  • In April 2009, the minimum prison sentence allowable

for second felony Bs was reduced from 3½ to 2 years

  • Median sentences for second felony Bs decreased 12

months in NYC and 6 months in the Rest of State

64
slide-18
SLIDE 18

6/13/2011 17

Willard Judicial Sanction Admissions up

  • utside of NYC
50 60

NYC Rest of State

30 40 50 10 20 Jan 08 May 08 Sep 08 Jan 09 May 09 Sep 09 Jan 10 May 10 Sep 10 Jan 11

Shock Population Impacted by Sentencing Changes (4/09), then Expanded Eligibility (8/10)

1,200 The Number of Inmates in the Shock Program at Shock Facilities 972 1,056 1,116 1,000 1,100 66 Source: DOCS 928 876 800 900 End of Month

B Felony Drug Offenders Resentenced as

  • f June 1, 2011 (470 To Date)
County Number County Number County Number Albany 24 Monroe 21 Rockland 9 Allegany 1 Montgomery 1 Saratoga 2 Bronx 78 Nassau 14 Schenectady 22 Broome 7 New York 89 Suffolk 9 Chemung 1 Oneida 7 Sullivan 2 Clinton 2 Onondaga 25 Tompkins 2 Columbia 9 Ontario 9 Ulster 3 Erie 5 Orange 16 Warren 6 Fulton 5 Oswego 2 Wayne 4 Greene 2 Queens 28 Westchester 6 Kings 48 Rensselaer 5 Wyoming 1 Livingston 1 Richmond 3 67

Resentencing Update As of 6-1-11

  • Original eligibility estimates: 1,100 possible, 700

likely eligible

  • 470 individuals resentenced & 392 released
  • Those who have not yet been released still owe

time on their newly imposed determinate sentence sentence.

  • 23 of the 392 released so far were women
68
slide-19
SLIDE 19

6/13/2011 18

Conditional Sealing

  • Effective June 7, 2009, upon successful completion
  • f a judicial diversion program, the court may
  • f a judicial diversion program, the court may

conditionally seal the instant offense and up to three prior misdemeanors. If the defendant is re-arrested, the records are unsealed

  • 30 offenders have had 32 conditional seals processed

by OCA and DCJS as of 5-24-11 (2 years after effective date). e ec ve da e).

  • Saratoga (8), Nassau (5), Rensselaer (4), Schenectady

(4), Warren (3), Albany (1), Jefferson (1), Kings (1), New York (1), Onondaga (1), Richmond (1), Steuben (1), Suffolk (1)

69

Summary of 1st Year Impact of Drug Law Changes

  • In total, changes led to about 1,000 fewer admissions to

prison in the first year (800 drug 200 property) prison in the first year (800 drug, 200 property)

  • 470 B felony offenders were resentenced; 392 released

from prison

  • Article 216-eligible admissions to drug court increased

in most counties

  • Overall most of the dr g law impact has been in
  • Overall, most of the drug law impact has been in

counties outside of New York City

70

Reports, Updates and Presentations Available on the DCJS Website

  • Preliminary Impact of 2009 Drug Reform (10/09)
  • Felony Drug Arrest, Indictment and Commitment

Trends, 1973-2008

  • Profile of Felony Drug Offenders Committed to

New York State Prison 2008

  • P

p i t f pd t p t d t t k h ld

  • Powerpoints of updates presented to stakeholders

in February and June 2010

  • This presentation will be posted in mid-June
71

Next Steps

  • Joint DCJS-OCA report on Drug Court Activity out this

month

  • Continue to report on trends and impacts, with county

specific data provided

  • Begin 1st phase of outcome evaluation. This is where the

impact of varying sanctions and diversions can be assessed

  • Will report on recidivism rates of offenders who are

sentenced to prison, jail or probation vs. those diverted to treatment

72