Disaster RISK Management : Bhutanese Scenario Expert Group M eeting - - PDF document

disaster risk management bhutanese scenario
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Disaster RISK Management : Bhutanese Scenario Expert Group M eeting - - PDF document

Disaster RISK Management : Bhutanese Scenario Expert Group M eeting (EGM ) on Geo-referenced Information Systems for Disaster Risk M anagement (Geo-DRM ) and sustaining the Community of Practice (COP), Bangkok, Thailand Presented by: Boby


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Disaster RISK Management : Bhutanese Scenario

Expert Group M eeting (EGM ) on Geo-referenced Information Systems for Disaster Risk M anagement (Geo-DRM ) and sustaining the Community of Practice (COP), Bangkok, Thailand

Presented by: Boby Pradhan Survey Engineer National Land Commission Bhutan pradhanboby@yahoo.com

Presentation Outline 1. Country Profile : Bhutan 2. Background on Disaster M anagement Institution in Bhutan 3. Disaster Risks in Bhutan 4. GIS for Disaster Risk M anagement 5. DRM Challenges in Bhutan 6. Support role of ESCAP 7. Conclusion

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  • Small, mountainous, landlocked country in South Asia
  • located in the eastern Himalayas, bordered by India

and China

  • Government: Constitutional M onarch
  • Development Philosophy: Gross National Happiness
  • Size: about 46,000 Sq. Km with 70% forest cover
  • Population: about 0.7 M illion
  • Capital City: Thimphu
  • Altitude : Varies from 150m to 7570m above M SL
  • National Language :Dzongkha
  • Climate: Four seasons (Spring, summer, Autumn &

Winter)

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  • 2. Background on Disaster M anagement Institution
  • 2005 – establishment of DM Division, M oHCA
  • 2006 – National Disaster Risk M anagement Framework

adopted ; guiding policy for DM

  • 2007 – Drafting of DM Bill
  • 2008 – Dept. of Disaster M anagement, M oHCA
  • 2013 (February) – DM Act enacted

Guiding Philosophy of DM Act, 2013

  • Pre-planned vs Adhoc reactive approach
  • M ulti-Agencies vs Single Agency approach
  • Decentralized vs Centralized approach

2.1 Disaster M anagement Institution organogram (DM Act,2013)

National Disaster M anagement Authority

M inistries/ Agencies

  • Inter M inisterial Task

Force

  • Dept. of Disaster

M anagement

  • National Emergency

Operation Center District Disaster M anagement Committee M unicipal DM Committee Sub District DM Committee Village/Block DM Committee

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  • 3. Disaster Risks in Bhutan

Earthquake September 21, 2009 Earthquake (M =6.1) Impacts:

  • Affected 6 eastern

districts out of 20 in Bhutan

  • 12 lives lost
  • Over 7000 people left without

adequate shelter

  • Estimated loss of over US

$54 Million: UNDP/ World Bank Assessment Report

  • GLOFs: the most serious natural hazard with 25

lakes, few potentially dangerous.

  • Hazards due to GLOF & monsoon floods are

likely to increase in intensity with the impacts

  • f climate change.
  • Settlements downstream are most vulnerable
  • Trans boundary issues

Glacial Lake Outburst Flood (GLOF) & M onsoon floods

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SLIDE 5

Natural/ artificial Dam formation & dam burst

  • Land slides
  • Too many HPP : at least one or

more HPP in main rivers

Landslide

  • Occurs in summer triggered by

heavy monsoon rain

  • Road maintenance being one of

the largest expenditure to Govt.

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Fire

  • Over 20,000 acres of

forest were destroyed this winter

  • Wangdi Dzong

gutted by fire

Windstorm/ hail storm

  • private houses & schools in five

districts were destroyed

  • Crops & other vegetation
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Epidemics, Pests, Diseases

  • Army worm attack in 2012
  • Frequent bird flu out break

Road Accidents

  • Reckless & drink driving
  • Poor road & weather conditions
  • Human error & M echanical

failure

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  • 4. GIS for Disaster Risk M anagement

Disaster Phases GIS Applications

Before Disaster (M itigation & Preparedness – Disaster M anagement Plan) Risk assessment, Identification of evacuation route and shelter, Early warning system, Cost/Benefit relationship to justify measures oriented for disaster risk reduction, During Disaster (Response & Relief – Disaster Contingency plan) Damage scenarios to be prepared for emergency response, Clear direction for SAR (with GPS), Identification of suitable evacuation route & area for rehabilitation After Disaster (Reconstruction & Recovery) Damage assessment (based on high resolution satellite image) – identify the type & amount of damage, Identification of suitable location for reconstruction

  • 5. DRM Challenges in Bhutan
  • Illiterate population, inadequate awareness
  • Difficult terrain
  • Lack of coordination among stake holders
  • inadequate resources
  • financial
  • professionals
  • data redundancy
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  • 6. Support Role of ESCAP
  • Technical expertise and financial assistance towards

building capacity at local level

  • Share Success stories, international best practices
  • Regional collaboration towards Strengthening

Coordination among Relevant Agencies

  • Sensitization/ Awareness on the benefits of GIS, Geo-

Portal for DRM

  • Sensitize policy/ decision makers
  • 7. Conclusion
  • Combating disaster is a common responsibility
  • Preparedness & Planning is a must
  • Effective Sensitization/ Awareness programs
  • Collaboration & Capacity development
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Thank you!