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Dillo Dirt Hornsby Bend Biosolids Management Plant Turning Urban Wastes into Restoration Resources Urban settlements are part of their surrounding ecosystem inputs and outputs Hornsby Bend Biosolids Management Facility SH130 ABIA

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  1. Dillo Dirt Hornsby Bend Biosolids Management Plant Turning Urban Wastes into Restoration Resources

  2. • Urban settlements are part of their surrounding ecosystem – inputs and outputs

  3. Hornsby Bend Biosolids Management Facility SH130 ABIA

  4. “Sustainability” • “meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.” - The Brundtland Report

  5. Ecosystem Cycles [Biogeochemical Cycles] • Carbon cycle – yard waste • Nitrogen cycle – sewage • Phosphorus cycle – sewage • Other trace minerals and metals • Water cycle – wastewater • Short-circuiting Cycles • Recycling?

  6. City “Inputs” • Food • Water • Air (oxygen) • Wood • Paper • Fuel and electricity • Etc…

  7. City “Outputs” • Carbon dioxide • Air Pollution • Water Pollution • Water • Trash • Sewage Sludge • Organic wastes

  8. Inputs - drawn from soils – food, landscaping Outputs - nutrient rich “wastes” and carbon “wastes” Urban sustainability?

  9. • N cycle - sewage Ecosystem • C cycle – yard trimmings • Water cycle Cycles • Short circuiting cycles • Recycling?

  10. Why Carbon and Nitrogen? • Carbon: carbohydrates from photosynthesis • Nitrogen: amino acids, proteins, nucleic acids

  11. The Carbon Cycle

  12. The Nitrogen Cycle

  13. Soil il Bi Biodiversity diversity Bacterial cells on clay particles; from Soil Science Soc. of America

  14. Populations of Soil Organisms Number/ Number/ Organisms yd 2 oz Bacteria Trillions Millions + Actinomycetes Trillions Millions Fungi Billions Thousands + Algae Billions Thousands Protozoa Billions Thousands Nematodes Millions Tens + Earthworms 30 – 300

  15. City “Outputs” • Carbon dioxide • Air Pollution • Water Pollution • Water • Trash • Sewage Sludge • Organic wastes

  16. Austin Water Utility Hornsby Bend Biosolids Management Plant Biotechnology for Recycling and Reuse - Working with Ecosystem Cycles • Biosolids • Yard Trimmings • Tree Trimmings

  17. All of Austin’s Sewage Sludge – 1 million gallons per day

  18. Yard Trimmings 10%+ of Austin’s Solid Waste

  19. Curbside Yard and Tree Trimmings 100,000+ cubic yards per year

  20. HORNSBY BEND BIOSOLIDS MANAGEMENT PLANT BENEFICIAL REUSE THROUGH ON-SITE SLUDGE AGRICULTURAL LAND APPLICATION GOVALLE CLASS B WALNUT BELT MIXING/ ANAEROBIC EQUALIZATION DEWATERING BIOSOLIDS CREEK THICKENERS BLENDING DIGESTERS SIDESTREAM SLUDGE SLUDGE SOUTH AUSTIN SIDESTREAM REGIONAL SIDESTREAM BULKING AGENTS: TREATMENT COMPOSTING PLANT YARD TRIMMINGS EFFLUENT CLASS A COMPOST “DILLO DIRT” AQUATIC ON-SITE IRRIGATION PONDS GREENHOUSE BENEFICIAL REUSE THROUGH DISTRIBUTION AND MARKETING

  21. Water - Treatment Ponds 185 acres • Water moves by gravity • Pond Ecosystem treats water • All water recycled

  22. Water - Aquatic Greenhouse -5 acres -Zero discharge -Water recycled for irrigation

  23. Irrigation all water from treatment Hay Production Recycles nutrients from biosolids and water

  24. Solids - Anaerobic Digesters • habitat for anaerobic bacteria • 90% + pathogen reduction = Class B • Treated sludge = biosolids • By-product Biogases

  25. Biogas reuse • 875 kW cogenerator • Electricity and Heat • Net Zero energy facility

  26. Biosolids Land Application Onsite 600 acre farm

  27. Composting “Dillo Dirt”

  28. Composting: nitrogen carbon water air

  29. Composting – aerobic process – 130 - 170 degrees F Kills pathogens, weed seeds, breaks down chemical compounds “Scarab” windrow turner

  30. Composting – 130 - 170 degrees F Kills all pathogens, weed seeds, breaks down chemicals Dillo Dirt safe for unrestricted use

  31. COMPOSTING Curing 3-6 Months First Biosolids Composting Program in Texas 1987 Twice honored with EPA National First Place Award

  32. Compost Screening

  33. Sales to Area Vendors

  34. Sewage Recycling • Soil restoration and waste reduction • Where does it go? • Where should it go? • Must be ecologically safe and sustainable • Turning a waste problem into an a ecological restoration stool

  35. Impoverished Soil Ecosystems of Texas Farmland Rangeland Wild land / Greenspace Urban

  36. Restoration Tools Compost – urban soils and wild lands

  37. Restoration Tools Land Application – farmland, rangeland and forest

  38. Benefits of Compost • Increase organic matter • Increased water penetration • Increased water holding capacity • Mulching effect • Long break-down time

  39. Uses of Compost Moisture Holding Capacity 75% to 200% by weight United States Compost Council

  40. Soil Mixes • 10 to 50% compost • 20 – 30% compost most common United States Compost Council

  41. Turf Establishment • 1 to 2 inches compost • Incorporate in top 5 to 7 inches United States Compost Council

  42. Planting Bed Establishment • Apply 1 to 2 inches compost • Incorporate in top 6 to 8 inches of soil United States Compost Council

  43. Top Dressing Lawns • ¼ inch compost • Don’t smother grass • Aerate if possible

  44. General Compost Use Guide Per 1,000 square feet • ¼ inch layer = ¾ cubic yard (34 yards/acre) • 1 inch layer = 3 cubic yards (134 yards/acre) • 2 inch layer = 6 cubic yards (269 yards/acre) United States Compost Council

  45. The Center for Environmental Research PARTNERS MISSION • The City of Austin Water and Wastewater Utility • Urban Sustainability and Ecology • University of Texas • Research and Education • Texas A&M University

  46. Hornsby Bend Land Management and Research

  47. Research – Riparian Ecology

  48. Research – Riparian Restoration

  49. Hornsby Bend Bird Observatory A cooperative partnership promoting the study and understanding of birds in Central Texas Funded by the Travis Audubon Society

  50. Citizen Science • Bird Survey • Bird Monitoring • Hawkwatch • Bird Banding • Workshops • Classes HBBO Web – www.hornsbybend.org

  51. Hornsby Bend Ecological Mentorship Program – UT Academic Internships • Environmental career mentoring • Individual-team research projects • University of Texas - Undergraduates

  52. Dillo Dirt in Landscaping • Grass Establishment ½ - 2” incorporated • Grass Maintenance 1/10 – ¼” • Shrub and Tree Planting ½” – 2” (surface) • Shrub, Tree Maintenance 1/10 – ¼” (surface) • Potting mixes – no more than 1/3 by volume

  53. How To Become a Dillo Dirt Vendor Sign up online for free at http://www.austintexas.gov/department/dillo-dirt-vendor-information Dillo Dirt is currently $12.65 per cubic yard

  54. Helpful Contact Info Jody Slagle, Compost Manager (512) 972-1954 jodyslagle@austintexas.gov • Hornsby Bend receptionist 972-1950

  55. DILLO DIRT CONSTITUENTS 2012 TCEQ/EPA “Unrestricted Use”# Constituent Max Measured Avg Measured N 2.80% - P 0.91% - K 0.55% - Arsenic 5.2 Mg/Kg 4.4 Mg/Kg 41 Mg/Kg 0.85 “ 0.70 “ 39 “ Cadmium 17.8 “ 14.8 “ 1200 “ Chromium* 235 “ 204 “ 1500 “ Copper* 23.6 “ 20.7 “ 300 “ Lead 0.57 “ 0.41 “ 17 “ Mercury 12.9 “ 6.65 “ - Molybdenum* 14.1 “ 12.7 “ 420 “ Nickel* 5.9 “ 4.7 “ 36 “ Selenium* 466 “ 422 “ 2800 “ Zinc* *(These elements are known to be micronutrients for plants and/or animals) #(“Unrestricted Use” is an “Exceptional Quality” biosolids product considered safe enough even for vegetable gardens if desired. The City of Austin recommends its use primarily for lawns and flower gardens.)

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