SLIDE 1 CDFA Alternative Manure Management Program
FY 2016-17
Quantification Methodology Development
October 16, 2017
1
SLIDE 2 Overview of Presentation
CARB’s role in CDFA’s Alternative Manure
Management Program (AMMP)
Quantification Methodology (QM) Development
Approach
Eligible Project Types and Approaches Areas of Improvement & Upcoming Contract Work
2
SLIDE 3 California Air Resources Board’s Role in CDFA’s Alternative Manure Management Program
CARB required by statute to develop QM for
Greenhouse Gas Reduction Fund (GGRF) projects
QMs provide a mechanism to estimate the net GHG
benefits from project implementation
Net GHG benefits result from:
Avoided CH4 emissions from reduced anaerobic storage
Impact of fossil fuel use changes associated with new
manure management practices
CARB staff from other divisions participate in
interagency Technical Advisory Committee (TAC) that reviews AMMP project applications
3
SLIDE 4 AMMP QM Development
Greenhouse Gas Reduction Fund Principles
Applies at the project-level Aligns with the project types proposed for funding Estimates GHG benefits from direct, onsite practices Based on scientifically sound, peer-reviewed methods
Other considerations
New program for FY 2016-17 Accelerated timeline for QM development Reliance on existing, peer-reviewed literature and
established (CARB Board approved) methods
4
SLIDE 5 AMMP QM Development
Decision to adapt the CARB Compliance Offset
Protocol for Livestock Projects for the AMMP program Vetted through regulatory process Uses widely accepted methods Though designed for digester projects,
contains models and equations applicable to quantifying AMMP projects
Provides consistency with approach
used in CDFA’s Dairy Digester Research and Development Program (DDRDP)
https://www.arb.ca.gov/cc/capandtrade/protocols/livestock/livestock.htm
5
SLIDE 6
AMMP QM Development
In developing AMMP QM and GHG Calculator Tool,
CARB considered: Minimizing complexity for applicants Balancing ease of use with flexibility Default assumptions vs project-specific inputs 6
California Climate Investments CARB Offset Program Incentive program Regulatory compliance mechanism Pre-project estimation Post-project measurements
SLIDE 7
Project Boundary
Includes CH4 emissions associated with manure
treatment/storage Anaerobic lagoons, storage ponds, manure settling
basins, dry lot deposits, compost piles, solid storage piles, etc.
Fossil fuel emissions associated with manure
management, transport & storage
Excludes Carbon sequestration of manure applied to land N2O accounting
7
SLIDE 8
Eligible Project Types and Approaches
Eligible project types
Initial list developed by CDFA CARB evaluated practices
1.
To ensure they achieve net GHG reductions
2.
Determine availability of reliable GHG methods and/or factors
General approach
Account for where manure is deposited and/or stored
% deposited on land & not collected, % entering wet/anaerobic system, % composted, etc.
Determine methane production associated with each
treatment/storage practice
Methane conversion factor (MCF)
8
SLIDE 9 Eligible Project Types and Approaches
- 1. Pasture-based management
i.
Conversion of a non-pasture livestock operation;
ii.
Increasing the amount of time livestock spend at pasture; and/or
- iii. Construction of a compost bedded pack barn.
- 2. Solid separation in conjunction with:
a) Open solar drying; b) Closed solar drying; c) Forced evaporation with natural-gas fueled dryers; d) Daily spread; e) Solid Storage; f)
Composting in vessel;
g) Composting in aerated static pile; h) Composting in intensive windrows; or i)
Composting in passive windrows.
- 3. Conversion from flush to scrape manure collection
in conjunction with one of (a) through (i).
9
SLIDE 10
Project Types Not Included in QM – Further Evaluation Needed
Gasification and/or pyrolysis
Need to better understand and evaluate technology(ies) GHG quantification challenges Net energy balance Potential criteria/toxics impacts
Aerobic treatment & biological treatment
Broad range of potential technologies or practices Need to evaluate specific practices
Effectiveness in reducing CH4 emissions (measurements
needed)
Required energy inputs Potential impacts on nitrous oxide and ammonia
10
SLIDE 11 Eligible Project Types and Approaches
Default Factors
- 1. % manure deposited on land and not collected
Derived based on where cows spend their time Median values used from ranges available in
2003 UC Davis study 20% for dairy cows in freestalls 70% for dairy cows in open-lot corrals, dry cows and heifers 90% for lactating dairy cows at pasture
- 2. Solid separation efficiency defaults from Livestock
Protocol
- 3. Scrape conversion default assumes milking parlors
still flushed (90% scrape collection efficiency) 11
SLIDE 12
AMMP GHG Calculator Tool
User friendly Complex formulas built into Tool
applicants only input project information
Drop-down selections for most inputs Default values provided but allows flexibility for use of
project specific factors when justified 12
SLIDE 13
AMMP GHG Calculator Tool
13
SLIDE 14
AMMP GHG Calculator Tool
14
SLIDE 15
AMMP GHG Calculator Tool
15
SLIDE 16
AMMP GHG Calculator Tool
16
SLIDE 17 Potential Areas of Improvement
17
CARB is in process of contracting with the University of
California for technical assistance to update the QM and GHG Calculator Tool
Identified priority areas:
- 1. Evaluation of default assumptions regarding manure
deposited on land and not collected
- 2. Review existing default factors for solid separation
efficiency and recommend additional factors if possible
SLIDE 18 Potential Areas of Improvement
- 3. Evaluation of weeping wall solid separation systems
Refine volatile solid separation efficiency and methane
conversion factor
- 4. Evaluation of additional manure management
practices for potential inclusion in AMMP Gasification and/or pyrolysis Aerobic treatment (aeration/oxygenation) 18
SLIDE 19 Process for Updating QM
Opportunity to update AMMP QM for FY 2017-18 Need peer-reviewed or Board-approved methods and
data
FY 2017-18 GGRF programs also on accelerated
timeline
Please send us suggestions and data for consideration
in updating the AMMP QM and GHG Calculator Tool
19
SLIDE 20
Contacts
Quantification Methodologies and GHG Calculator Tools
for GGRF programs available at: www.arb.ca.gov/cci- quantification
Contact us at: GGRFprogram@arb.ca.gov
Erik Winegar: erik.winegar@arb.ca.gov Climate Investments Assessment Section Bonnie Soriano: bsoriano@arb.ca.gov Supervisor, Climate Investments Assessment Section
20
