Diabetes CATERPILLAR CONFIDENTIAL: GREEN Diabetes Statistics An - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Diabetes

Diabetes Statistics

• An estimated 30.3 million Americans (9.4% of U.S. population)

have diabetes

• Diagnosed: 23.1 million cases
• Undiagnosed: 7.2 million cases

– An estimated 23.8% of people with diabetes are undiagnosed

• Pre-diabetes: 84.1 million cases
• New cases: 1.5 million cases diagnosed among U.S. adults in

2015

What is Diabetes?

• A disease in which blood glucose (sugar) levels are consistently

above normal range.

• The body has problems processing and using digested food for

energy.

• If the body doesn’t produce the correct amount of insulin OR the

body is not able to correctly use the insulin, glucose builds up in the blood.

• Several factors can contribute to inadequate insulin production

and/or how our body utilizes insulin.

Symptoms of Hyperglycemia

(High Blood Sugar)

• Increased thirst or dry mouth
• Headaches or difficulty concentrating
• Blurred vision
• Frequent urination
• Fatigue (weak or tired feeling)
• Weight loss or weight gain
• Slow healing wounds

Symptoms of Hypoglycemia

(Low Blood Sugar)

• Weakness or shaky feeling
• Sweating
• Extreme hunger and/or slight nausea
• Headache and/or dizziness
• Blurred vision
• Rapid heartbeat
• Nervousness or feeling anxious
• Loss of consciousness

Types of Diabetes

• Type 1 Diabetes: Occurs when the body does not produce insulin
• Often diagnosed in children or young adults
• Requires insulin to be supplemented via injection
• Pre-Diabetes: Blood sugar levels are higher than normal, but not high enough to be considered

diabetes

• When untreated, likely leads to Type 2 diabetes
• Type 2 Diabetes: Occurs when the body does not use insulin properly
• 90%-95% of diabetes cases
• Oral medication or insulin injections may be necessary
• Gestational Diabetes: High blood sugars recognized during pregnancy and usually resolve after

delivery

Who is at Risk?

• Overweight or high BMI (body mass index)
• High blood pressure
• Limited activity
• Poor diet
• Poor lifestyle habits
• Age – risk increases as we age
• Family history of diabetes
• History of gestational diabetes

Diagnosing Diabetes

• Blood tests are used to determine blood glucose levels.
• Medical history and family history can also play a role in

diagnosis.

• Be proactive: talk to your doctor if you have any diabetic

symptoms.

• Early detection and lifestyle changes can reverse pre-diabetes and

potentially limit the need for medication.

What Do the Numbers Mean?

NORMAL PRE- DIABETES DIABETES

• Fasting and/or Random Glucose Testing (FPG)
• Hemoglobin A1C (A1C)
• Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT)

Treatment

• Regular exams by your doctor
• Monitor glucose levels
• Healthy diet
• Proper exercise
• Oral medications
• Insulin injections
• Quit smoking
• Nicotine can decrease blood flow, especially to legs
• Treatment of secondary complications

Controlling Diabetes is Key

• If not controlled, diabetes can cause serious health

complications and even death.

• Diabetes is the 7th leading cause of death in the U.S.
• With consistent treatment, even young children can learn to

manage diabetes and live long, healthy lives. COMPLIANCE is essential in controlling diabetes and reducing/eliminating other health complications!

Diabetes Complications

• Atherosclerosis (hardening of arteries)
• Heart attack (myocardial infarction)
• Stroke (CVA)
• Peripheral vascular disease (narrowing of blood vessels,

especially in the legs)

• Blindness
• Renal failure
• Diabetic neuropathy (pain, numbness, amputations)

Prevention

You can help prevent Type 2 diabetes, even if you have pre- diabetes.

• Early treatment can actually return blood glucose levels to a

normal range.

• Research shows you can lower your risk for Type 2 diabetes

58% by:

• Losing 7% of your body weight (e.g., 15lbs if you weigh 200lbs).
• Exercising moderately (e.g., brisk walking) 30 minutes per day,

five days per week.

Start Healthy Habits Early

• Schedule regular check-ups with your healthcare provider.
• Monitor your glucose levels.
• Get your free Wellness Exam, which includes glucose testing.

(Available for eligible employees – ask for details!)

• Eat a healthy diet.
• Get plenty of exercise.
• Visit benefits.cat.com>wellness for additional information on

nutrition and exercise.

Any Questions?

Resources

• American Diabetes Association

www.diabetes.org

• WebMD

www.webmd.com/diabetes

• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

www.cdc.gov/diabetes