Cylindrical Cell Battery Module Subhajeet Rath TNO, The Netherlands - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

▶
cylindrical cell battery module
SMART_READER_LITE
LIVE PREVIEW

Cylindrical Cell Battery Module Subhajeet Rath TNO, The Netherlands - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Jun 09, 2023 189 likes •554 views

Workshop Solutions to electromobility challenges Hosted by CIDETEC Energy Storage with the support of CRF Core Temperature Estimation for Cylindrical Cell Battery Module Subhajeet Rath TNO, The Netherlands GV-06-2017 iModBatt and GHOST

slide-1
SLIDE 1

GV-06-2017 iModBatt and GHOST projects have received funding from the European Union’s Horizon2020 Programme for research and innovation under Grant Agreements No. 770054 & 770019 Hotel ARIMA, Paseo de Miramón, 162, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain, 18th October 2019

Workshop “Solutions to electromobility challenges”

Hosted by CIDETEC Energy Storage with the support of CRF

Core Temperature Estimation for Cylindrical Cell Battery Module

Subhajeet Rath TNO, The Netherlands

slide-2
SLIDE 2

Workshop “Solutions to electromobility challenges”, 18th October 2019, San Sebastian (Spain) 2

HIFI-ELEMENTS

Introduction

  • Three-year EU project involving 16 partners
  • Objective

– Develop, Validate and Publish a standardization of model interfaces for common e-drive components – Implementation of a model/data management tool and a co- simulation tool for MiL and HiL environments

  • End Goal

– Reduction of development and testing effort – Decrease in vehicle energy consumption – Increase in validation test coverage

slide-3
SLIDE 3

Workshop “Solutions to electromobility challenges”, 18th October 2019, San Sebastian (Spain) 3

HIFI-ELEMENTS

Task 2.3

  • Partners: RICARDO, CIDETEC, VUB and TNO
  • Development and Validation of a scalable and flexible

battery pack model

  • Battery Pack Model

– Electrical model – Ageing model – Thermal model – BMS model

slide-4
SLIDE 4

Workshop “Solutions to electromobility challenges”, 18th October 2019, San Sebastian (Spain) 4

HIFI-ELEMENTS

Task 2.3

High Level Schematics

slide-5
SLIDE 5

Workshop “Solutions to electromobility challenges”, 18th October 2019, San Sebastian (Spain) 5

HIFI-ELEMENTS

Task 2.3

High Level Schematics

slide-6
SLIDE 6

Workshop “Solutions to electromobility challenges”, 18th October 2019, San Sebastian (Spain) 6

Thermal Model

  • Temperature evolution for input operating condition
  • Model

– Battery Model – Cooling Model

  • BMS Output

– Avg, Min and Max battery cell temperature (𝑈

𝑏𝑤𝑕, 𝑈 𝑛𝑏𝑦, 𝑈 𝑛𝑗𝑜)

– Battery coolant pressure difference (∆𝑄𝑔) – Battery heat loss (𝑅 𝑑𝑝𝑝𝑚𝑏𝑜𝑢) – Battery coolant pressure drop coefficient (𝜂)

slide-7
SLIDE 7

Workshop “Solutions to electromobility challenges”, 18th October 2019, San Sebastian (Spain) 7

Thermal Model

Battery Model

TNO Battery Module

slide-8
SLIDE 8

Workshop “Solutions to electromobility challenges”, 18th October 2019, San Sebastian (Spain) 8

Thermal Model

Battery Model

TNO Battery Module (Top View)

slide-9
SLIDE 9

Workshop “Solutions to electromobility challenges”, 18th October 2019, San Sebastian (Spain) 9

Thermal Model

Battery Model

TNO Battery Module (Top View)

slide-10
SLIDE 10

Workshop “Solutions to electromobility challenges”, 18th October 2019, San Sebastian (Spain) 10

Top View Cell 9 Side View Cell 9

Thermal Model

Battery Model

slide-11
SLIDE 11

Workshop “Solutions to electromobility challenges”, 18th October 2019, San Sebastian (Spain) 11

  • State

– 𝑈

1 𝑑, 𝑈 1 𝑡, ⋯ , 𝑈 𝑜𝑑𝑓𝑚𝑚 𝑑

, 𝑈

𝑜𝑑𝑓𝑚𝑚 𝑡

, 𝑈𝑈

𝑞, 𝑈 𝐶 𝑞

  • Input

– 𝑅 1, ⋯ , 𝑅 𝑜𝑑𝑓𝑚𝑚, 𝑈

𝑏, 𝑅 𝑈, 𝑅 𝐶

  • Parameter

– 𝐷𝑑, 𝐷𝑡, 𝐷𝑞, 𝑆𝑑𝑡, 𝑆𝑡𝑡, 𝑆𝑡𝑏, 𝑆𝑡𝑞, 𝑆𝑈𝑏, 𝑆𝐶𝑏

Thermal Model

Battery Model

slide-12
SLIDE 12

Workshop “Solutions to electromobility challenges”, 18th October 2019, San Sebastian (Spain) 12

Cooling Plate (Module) Cooling Plate (Model)

Thermal Model

Cooling Model

slide-13
SLIDE 13

Workshop “Solutions to electromobility challenges”, 18th October 2019, San Sebastian (Spain) 13

  • State

– 𝑅 𝑈, 𝑅 𝐶, ∆𝑄𝑔

  • Input

– 𝑈𝑈

𝑞, 𝑈 𝐶 𝑞, 𝑈 𝑗𝑜𝑚𝑓𝑢 𝑔

, 𝑊

  • Parameter

– 𝐵𝑝, 𝜍, 𝑑𝑞, 𝑆𝑞𝑔, 𝜂

Thermal Model

Coolant Model

slide-14
SLIDE 14

Workshop “Solutions to electromobility challenges”, 18th October 2019, San Sebastian (Spain) 14

Thermal Model

Battery Model State: 𝑈𝑈

𝑞, 𝑈 𝐶 𝑞

Input: 𝑅 𝑈, 𝑅 𝐶 Cooling Model State: 𝑅 𝑈, 𝑅 𝐶 Input: 𝑈𝑈

𝑞, 𝑈 𝐶 𝑞

slide-15
SLIDE 15

Workshop “Solutions to electromobility challenges”, 18th October 2019, San Sebastian (Spain) 15

  • Parameters to identify:

𝐷𝑑 𝐷𝑡 𝐷𝑞 𝑆𝑑𝑡 𝑆𝑡𝑡 𝑆𝑡𝑏 𝑆𝑡𝑞 𝑆𝑈𝑏 𝑆𝐶𝑏 𝑆𝑞𝑔 𝜂

  • Calibration Test

– Cell Calorimetry Test – Cell Heating Test – Pressure Drop Test – 3D FEM Simulation

Model Calibration

slide-16
SLIDE 16

Workshop “Solutions to electromobility challenges”, 18th October 2019, San Sebastian (Spain) 16

  • Test conducted at CIDETEC
  • Accelerating Rate Calorimeter (ARC)
  • Measure temperature rise for known heat addition

Model Calibration

Cell Calorimetry Test

slide-17
SLIDE 17

Workshop “Solutions to electromobility challenges”, 18th October 2019, San Sebastian (Spain) 17

  • Test conducted at CIDETEC
  • Accelerating Rate Calorimeter (ARC)
  • Measure temperature rise for known heat addition
  • Identified Parameter

– 𝐷𝑑𝑓𝑚𝑚 = 60.5 J/K – 𝐷𝑡 = 9.15 J/K (Material Properties) – 𝐷𝑑 = 𝐷𝑑𝑓𝑚𝑚 − 𝐷𝑡 = 51.35 J/K

Model Calibration

Cell Calorimetry Test

slide-18
SLIDE 18

Workshop “Solutions to electromobility challenges”, 18th October 2019, San Sebastian (Spain) 18

Model Calibration

Cell Heating Test

  • Battery heating with asymmetric current profile
  • Cooling with constant flow rate
slide-19
SLIDE 19

Workshop “Solutions to electromobility challenges”, 18th October 2019, San Sebastian (Spain) 19

Model Calibration

Cell Heating Test

  • Battery heating with asymmetric current profile
  • Cooling with constant flow rate
slide-20
SLIDE 20

Workshop “Solutions to electromobility challenges”, 18th October 2019, San Sebastian (Spain) 20

Model Calibration

Cell Heating Test

  • Battery heating with asymmetric current profile
  • Identified Parameter

– 𝐷𝑞 = 620.10 J/K – 𝑆𝑡𝑡 = 181.02 K/W – 𝑆𝑡𝑞 = 14.4 K/W – 𝑆𝑡𝑏 = 106.16 K/W – 𝑆𝑈𝑏 = 0.18 K/W – 𝑆𝐶𝑏 = 1.57 K/W – 𝑆𝑞𝑔 = 0.02 K/W

slide-21
SLIDE 21

Workshop “Solutions to electromobility challenges”, 18th October 2019, San Sebastian (Spain) 21

  • Coolant circulation throught cooling plate at constant

flow rate

  • Pressure drop recorded from Inlet to Outlet

Model Calibration

Pressure Drop Test

slide-22
SLIDE 22

Workshop “Solutions to electromobility challenges”, 18th October 2019, San Sebastian (Spain) 22

  • Coolant circulation throught cooling plate at constant

flow rate

  • Pressure drop recorded from Inlet to Outlet
  • Identified Parameter

– 𝜂 = 37.92

Model Calibration

Pressure Drop Test

slide-23
SLIDE 23

Workshop “Solutions to electromobility challenges”, 18th October 2019, San Sebastian (Spain) 23

  • Parameters to identify: 𝑆𝑑𝑡
  • Core Temperature measurement not available
  • Virtual Modelling of a cell with known material

properties

Model Calibration

slide-24
SLIDE 24

Workshop “Solutions to electromobility challenges”, 18th October 2019, San Sebastian (Spain) 24

Model Calibration

3D FEM Simulation

  • FEM Model of a single cell
slide-25
SLIDE 25

Workshop “Solutions to electromobility challenges”, 18th October 2019, San Sebastian (Spain) 25

Model Calibration

3D FEM Simulation

  • FEM Model of a single cell
  • Identified Parameter

– 𝑆𝑑𝑡 = 0.6 K/W

slide-26
SLIDE 26

Workshop “Solutions to electromobility challenges”, 18th October 2019, San Sebastian (Spain) 26

  • Module subjected to WLTP drive cycle
  • Ambient

– 0°C – 20°C – 40°C

  • Measurement and Model compared

– Cell 20 – Cell 27

Model Validation

slide-27
SLIDE 27

Workshop “Solutions to electromobility challenges”, 18th October 2019, San Sebastian (Spain) 27

Model Validation

Ambient 0°C

Temperature Evolution Error Histogram

Error [° C]

slide-28
SLIDE 28

Workshop “Solutions to electromobility challenges”, 18th October 2019, San Sebastian (Spain) 28

Model Validation

Results

Ambient Temperature Cell 20 Cell 27 Max Error Error Peak Max Error Error Peak 0°C 1.34° C 0.05° C 1.81° C 0.10° C 20°C 1.34° C 0.35° C 2.13° C 0.05° C 40°C 1.34° C 0.85° C 2.61° C 0.05° C

slide-29
SLIDE 29

Workshop “Solutions to electromobility challenges”, 18th October 2019, San Sebastian (Spain) 29

  • Thermal State Observer (TSO) used in Thermal

Management System

– Safety – Reliability – Battery Life

  • Kalman Filter

– Uses State-Space Thermal Model – Predicts system states from measurements – Real time capable

Thermal State Observer

slide-30
SLIDE 30

Workshop “Solutions to electromobility challenges”, 18th October 2019, San Sebastian (Spain) 30

  • TSO Tuning:

– Measurement Noise: 0.5°C – Process Noise: 0.05

  • Measurement and Prediction compared

– Surface temperature compared as Core Temperature not available

  • Assumption: Core temperature can be predicted with

a known surface temperature

Thermal State Observer

slide-31
SLIDE 31

Workshop “Solutions to electromobility challenges”, 18th October 2019, San Sebastian (Spain) 31

TSO Schematics

Thermal State Observer

Validation

Measured Estimated

slide-32
SLIDE 32

Workshop “Solutions to electromobility challenges”, 18th October 2019, San Sebastian (Spain) 32

Temperature Evolution Error Histogram

Thermal State Observer

Validation

Error [° C]

slide-33
SLIDE 33

Workshop “Solutions to electromobility challenges”, 18th October 2019, San Sebastian (Spain) 33

Thermal State Observer

Results

Ambient Temperature Cell 20 Max Error Error Peak 40°C 1.35° C 0.15° C

slide-34
SLIDE 34

Workshop “Solutions to electromobility challenges”, 18th October 2019, San Sebastian (Spain) 34

  • Battery module prototype build

– Will be used for future WP testing

  • Scalable electro-thermal model

– Calibration – Validation

  • Kalman Filter based Thermal State Observer

– Core Temperature estimation – Inner cell estimation from outer cell measurement – Real-time capable

Conclusion

slide-35
SLIDE 35

Thanks for your attention!

GV-06-2017 iModBatt and GHOST projects have received funding from the European Union’s Horizon2020 Programme for research and innovation under Grant Agreements No. 770054 & 770019