Cost Effective Boreholes in Nigeria Sunday Arafan Mangai Dotun - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Cost Effective Boreholes in Nigeria

Sunday Arafan Mangai Dotun Adekile Raymond Retchen RWSN Forum 2011

RWSN Code of Practice for Cost Effective Boreholes

• Enables organizations to evaluate their

approach to borehole delivery in accordance with best international practices

Nigeria -Background

• Population: 150 million
• Federal Constitution with 36 states
• Rural Water Supply Coverage: c. 40%
• Drilling started in 1947

Principle 1: Borehole drilling and supervision should be undertaken by professional and competent

• rganisations
• Drilling companies in Nigeria – mostly Nigerian
• Water Well Drillers Association founded in 2009 – a

directory of 350 members

• Conventional drillers – machine drilling
• Artisan drillers – hand drilling, locally made rigs
• Brief case drillers
• National Code of Practice for Water Well

Construction in Nigeria (FGN/NWRI, 2009).

Principle 2: Appropriate siting practices utilised competently and scientifically performed

• All government contracts stipulate

geophysical surveys – resistivity and electromagnetic methodologies

• Siting by trained geologists
• Siting by trained technicians – regulation by

the Council of Nigerian Mining Engineers and Geoscientists (COMEG)

• Siting by drilling contractors

Principle 3: The construction method is economical, drilling technology matches the borehole design

• Previously multi purpose heavy duty rigs used,

current trend is towards fitting the rig to the purpose

• Locally fabricated rigs – Recent survey shows 30% of

rigs fabricated locally

• Hand drilling
• Private businesses & householders able to own

their own boreholes

Principle 4: Procurement procedures ensure that contracts are awarded to experienced and qualified consultants and drilling contractors

Public Procurement Act of 2007

• projects advertised
• requests for expressions of interest
• prequalification of contractors
• verification of prequalification submission
• short-listing of contractors
• submission and evaluation of tenders
• contract award

Principle 4: Procurement procedures ensure that

contracts are awarded to experienced and qualified

consultants and drilling contractors

Prequalification requirements

• of past contracts of similar nature
• cost and complexity
• personnel capabilities
• equipment capabilities
• financial capability
• litigation history

Principle 5: The design is cost-effective, to last for a lifespan of 20 to 50 years, and minimum specification to provide a borehole which is fit for purpose Borehole designs fit the terrain and the purpose Open holes

Different borehole designs

Aquifer type Design Weathered basement complex and shallow sediments; depth less than 60 m 110 mm dia. PVC lined max. 60 m depth fitted with a handpump

Sediments with aquifer at depths greater than 60m 150 mm dia. PVC lined to 100 m depth fitted with a handpump

Sediments with aquifers greater than 100 m

150 mm dia. Steel lining fitted with motorised pump

Principle 6: Adequate arrangements are in place to ensure proper contract management, supervision and timely payment of the drilling contractor

Contract management and payment

• Based on well established government systems -

technical specifications and bill of quantities

• Payment within 60 days – not quite

Supervision - weak

• the ‘’no water no pay’’ policy
• most projects do not budget for supervision
• lack of experienced personnel to carry out the

supervision

Principle 7: Hydrogeological and borehole construction data are collected in a standard format and submitted to the relevant Government authority

• Geological Survey department – Form GS 10
• National Code of Practice for Water Well

Construction in Nigeria

• National Water Resources Institute
• No water no pay

Principle 8: Storage of hydrogeological data is undertaken by a central government institution with records updated and information made freely available and used in subsequent drilling specifications.

• National Code of Practice for Water Well

Construction in Nigeria

• NWRI

Principle 9: Monitoring - Regular visits to completed boreholes are made to monitor their functionality in the medium as well as long term with the findings published

• National Rural Water Supply and Sanitation

Program Strategic Framework

• Local governments and State rural water supply

agencies responsible for monitoring of facilities

• 30 - 60% handpumps not functional
• ESA & NGOs support communities

Conclusion

Strengths Systems and the legal framework for CEB have been set up

• Procurement act
• National Code of Practice for Water well Construction
• Water Well Drillers Association

Weaknesses

• Lack of transparency in contract award
• Late payment
• Data collection
• Non payment for dry holes
• Poor supervision

THANK YOU