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Cooling pipes, heat management, temperature, humidity control of VXD Overview SVD PXD 2 carsten.niebuhr@desy.de SVD Review VXD Cooling 11.09.2013 VXD Heat Sources SVD Origami 1748 APV25 chips ~ 0.4W / chip ~ 700W in total Hybrid

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SLIDE 1

Cooling pipes, heat management, temperature, humidity control of VXD

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SLIDE 2

carsten.niebuhr@desy.de SVD Review VXD Cooling 11.09.2013

Overview

2

SVD PXD

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carsten.niebuhr@desy.de SVD Review VXD Cooling 11.09.2013

VXD Heat Sources

3

;

""##BE#:F7#GH &)CJ*. DC5 0QI 9766

1748 APV25 chips ~ 0.4W / chip ~ 700W in total 18W per ladder ~ 360 W in total Switcher (1W total) DCD (1.5W/chip) DHP (0.5W/chip) Sensor (1W total) Origami Hybrid Hybrid

SVD PXD

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SLIDE 4

carsten.niebuhr@desy.de SVD Review VXD Cooling 11.09.2013

VXD Heat Dissipation and CO2 Cooling Circuits

4

CO2 Circuit Detector Half Layer Type Side Power [W] 1 up 1&2 endring bwd 90 2 PXD up 1&2 endring fwd 90 3 PXD down 1&2 endring bwd 90 4 down 1&2 endring fwd 90 sum sum PXD 360 5 left 3-6 endring bwd 93 6 right 3-6 endring bwd 93 7 left 3-6 endring fwd 93 8 SVD right 3-6 endring fwd 93 9 SVD left 4&5

  • rigami

bwd 68 10 right 4&5

  • rigami

bwd 68 11 left 6

  • rigami

bwd 96 12 right 6

  • rigami

bwd 96 sum sum SVD 700 sum sum VXD 1060

plus parasitic heat load from environment

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SLIDE 5

carsten.niebuhr@desy.de SVD Review VXD Cooling 11.09.2013

VXD Cooling System Requirements

5

Minimize material in acceptance region SVD requirements:

  • APV25 surface temperature @ ~ 0°C for SNR improvement
  • dissipated power ~ 700 W

PXD requirements:

  • sensor temperature < 25°C (noise)
  • temperature of ASICs < 50°C (avoid electro-migration)
  • dissipated power ~ 360 W
  • goal: cooling block @ < -20°C

Total power generated in VXD ~ 1kW plus:

  • additional heat loss through 15 m of transfer lines
  • parasitic heat load inside VXD volume from environment
  • => required cooling capacity of CO2 system 2-3 kW (IBBelle design 3.3 kW)

Dry Air Volume

  • dew point < -30oC

Outside of VXD: room temperature ( ~ 23°C) at the inner surface of CDC

  • needs to be kept stable for calibration
  • => need a thermal enclosure, well isolated
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SLIDE 6

carsten.niebuhr@desy.de BPAC VXD Cooling 11.09.2013

Compensation for Thermal Expansion/Contraction

6

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SLIDE 7

carsten.niebuhr@desy.de BPAC VXD Cooling 11.09.2013

Compensation for Thermal Expansion/Contraction

6

Sliding Mechanism SLM in forward direction (M.Friedl)

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SLIDE 8

carsten.niebuhr@desy.de BPAC VXD Cooling 11.09.2013

Compensation for Thermal Expansion/Contraction

6

Sliding Mechanism SLM in forward direction (M.Friedl) After installation forward end-flange is

  • nly attached to PXD

support using gliding pin in plastic bushing

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SLIDE 9

carsten.niebuhr@desy.de SVD Review VXD Cooling 11.09.2013

Cooling Environment

7

!"##$%&'()'*"+&),&(%&&-)./0)"-1)/2/3 +$41 56)77

Dry Volumes Docks

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SLIDE 10

carsten.niebuhr@desy.de SVD Review VXD Cooling 11.09.2013

<=(> >5?#@=(AB& C=5 DEF GH#897I!J GAK -= &)>#C(4)*& =C DEFJ L==B -&BK&54-A5& >5?#@=(AB&' F5?)&'' 5&MA%5&B&)-N >&O K=%)- P#8Q7I!# GAK -= &)>#O4((# =C !F!J RF=<ST# 45&4

@=(AB& C=5

@=(AB& C=5

Dryness requirement: dew point < -30°C

„cold“ VXD dry volume up to VXD end flange

Dry Volumes Inside CDC

8

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SLIDE 11

carsten.niebuhr@desy.de SVD Review VXD Cooling 11.09.2013

Connection of CO2 Lines to Vacuum Isolation

9

&)<#=> ?@45AB#<5C#D=(EA& '-4)<45< F!G H=))&H-=5' ?'I4H& %)'%<& <=HJ#45&4B# „normal“ atmosphere

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SLIDE 12

carsten.niebuhr@desy.de SVD Review VXD Cooling 11.09.2013

CO2 Lines inside VXD Volume

10

;<=>#!?9#(%)&' -@ &)A#5%)*' /B= C+#DB= 9 0E=># !?9#(%)&' -@ F@G)- H(@IJ /B= 9+#DB= 9 5&A># I@))&I-%@)' K@5 &)L%5@)F&)-4(# F@)%-@5%)* MD?;N#

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SLIDE 13

carsten.niebuhr@desy.de SVD Review VXD Cooling 11.09.2013

CO2 Lines inside VXD Volume

Need CO2 connectors close to the endflange

  • CO2 pipes must be assembled prior to VXD installation

10

;<=>#!?9#(%)&' -@ &)A#5%)*' /B= C+#DB= 9 0E=># !?9#(%)&' -@ F@G)- H(@IJ /B= 9+#DB= 9 5&A># I@))&I-%@)' K@5 &)L%5@)F&)-4(# F@)%-@5%)* MD?;N#

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SLIDE 14

carsten.niebuhr@desy.de SVD Review VXD Cooling 11.09.2013

CO2 Lines inside VXD Volume

Need CO2 connectors close to the endflange

  • CO2 pipes must be assembled prior to VXD installation

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;<=>#!?9#(%)&' -@ &)A#5%)*' /B= C+#DB= 9 0E=># !?9#(%)&' -@ F@G)- H(@IJ /B= 9+#DB= 9 5&A># I@))&I-%@)' K@5 &)L%5@)F&)-4(# F@)%-@5%)* MD?;N#

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SLIDE 15

carsten.niebuhr@desy.de SVD Review VXD Cooling 11.09.2013

Miniature Tube Fittings

11

Design based on development for CMS pixel upgrade

  • modification for Belle II: add copper gasket

Tests performed

  • 2 (150 bar) √
  • tightness test with CO2 (110 bar, 48 h) √
  • helium leak test at room temperature and in liquid nitrogen √
  • repeatability (open/close cycles with same gasket) √

copper gasket

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SLIDE 16

carsten.niebuhr@desy.de SVD Review VXD Cooling 11.09.2013

Transfer Line Routing to VXD

12

<=4((# >?5@4-?5& 54A%?' B&C(4>& >D55?*4-&A C%C& EF <<#@4>??= C%C& G69#==H

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SLIDE 17

carsten.niebuhr@desy.de SVD Review VXD Cooling 11.09.2013

Transfer Lines

13

! !

*(`b

  • *+
  • *P
  • A9W;8

@;4W; F64A;8 F56;8 =>F5J47=9> *)J4Y;8 *

  • *`+
  • ,
  • 1
  • V4<55ED#**)`*b(#EEc

%>657D#)`/Pb#EEc O57657D#bC)bP#EEc

Baseline for CO2 transfer line diameter increased from 12mm to 18mm

  • CERN uses 18 mm lines for ATLAS-IBL
  • want to maintain maximum compatibility

between ATLAS-IBL and Belle II VXD

Disadvantages

  • bending radius might be problematic
  • service space allocation is no longer sufficient

if 18 mm lines are used everywhere

Mechanical bending tests performed at MPI

  • bending by 40° (elastically) needs about 3 kg
  • quoted bending radius is 45 mm
  • tested down to 20 mm
  • Xray shows no problems even for 20 mm bend
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SLIDE 18

carsten.niebuhr@desy.de SVD Review VXD Cooling 11.09.2013

Transfer Lines

13

! !

*(`b

  • *+
  • *P
  • A9W;8

@;4W; F64A;8 F56;8 =>F5J47=9> *)J4Y;8 *

  • *`+
  • ,
  • 1
  • V4<55ED#**)`*b(#EEc

%>657D#)`/Pb#EEc O57657D#bC)bP#EEc

Baseline for CO2 transfer line diameter increased from 12mm to 18mm

  • CERN uses 18 mm lines for ATLAS-IBL
  • want to maintain maximum compatibility

between ATLAS-IBL and Belle II VXD

Disadvantages

  • bending radius might be problematic
  • service space allocation is no longer sufficient

if 18 mm lines are used everywhere

Mechanical bending tests performed at MPI

  • bending by 40° (elastically) needs about 3 kg
  • quoted bending radius is 45 mm
  • tested down to 20 mm
  • Xray shows no problems even for 20 mm bend

CO2 inlet CO2 return MLI

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SLIDE 19

carsten.niebuhr@desy.de SVD Review VXD Cooling 11.09.2013

Transfer Lines

13

! !

*(`b

  • *+
  • *P
  • A9W;8

@;4W; F64A;8 F56;8 =>F5J47=9> *)J4Y;8 *

  • *`+
  • ,
  • 1
  • V4<55ED#**)`*b(#EEc

%>657D#)`/Pb#EEc O57657D#bC)bP#EEc

Baseline for CO2 transfer line diameter increased from 12mm to 18mm

  • CERN uses 18 mm lines for ATLAS-IBL
  • want to maintain maximum compatibility

between ATLAS-IBL and Belle II VXD

Disadvantages

  • bending radius might be problematic
  • service space allocation is no longer sufficient

if 18 mm lines are used everywhere

Mechanical bending tests performed at MPI

  • bending by 40° (elastically) needs about 3 kg
  • quoted bending radius is 45 mm
  • tested down to 20 mm
  • Xray shows no problems even for 20 mm bend

CO2 inlet CO2 return MLI

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SLIDE 20

carsten.niebuhr@desy.de SVD Review VXD Cooling 11.09.2013

Test of ATLAS-IBL Prototype Transfer Lines

14

Inlet Outlet Rigid Part Flexible Part

  • 0.1

0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8 8.5 9 9.5 10 dT [K] Mass Flow Rate [g/s]

(Tout-Tin) vs Mass Flow Rate

  • 0.5

0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.00E+00 5.00E-04 1.00E-03 1.50E-03 2.00E-03 2.50E-03 3.00E-03 3.50E-03 4.00E-03 dT [K] Vacuum Level [mbar]

(Tref-Tcs) vs Vacuum Level

  • M. Gutt-Mostowy

CERN Cryo Lab Results according to expectations

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SLIDE 21

carsten.niebuhr@desy.de SVD Review VXD Cooling 11.09.2013

Transfer Line Routing

15

5<=-%)* <> ?4@==A8%'<(4-&B

  • 54)'>&5 (%)&'

/EF DEF J!K8L J!K8C

=+/*$&.20)$042$0662%/07-2$5+4$!9!$(4+,%$

Detailed solution

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SLIDE 22

carsten.niebuhr@desy.de SVD Review VXD Cooling 11.09.2013

Transfer Line Routing

16

!;9+ 4%5 !;9+#4%5

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SLIDE 23

carsten.niebuhr@desy.de SVD Review VXD Cooling 11.09.2013

Alternative Design for Transfer Lines

17

  • K. Gadow
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SLIDE 24

carsten.niebuhr@desy.de SVD Review VXD Cooling 11.09.2013

Simulation vs Measurement

18

Cobra example: Node network for IBL

23 T

environement

R4 HTCair R2 +R3 TFoM R1 HTCCO2 TCO2 T

environement

TCO2 TCO2 R4 +R3 Insulation+HTCair R5 Heat exchange R1 HTCCO2 R2 Tube wall Q3 Applied power T

environement

TCO2 R4 +R3 HTCair R1 HTCCO2 R2 Tube wall T

environement

TCO2 R1 HTCCO2 R2 Tube wall TCO2 R1b HTCCO2 R1a HTCCO2 R4 +R3 Insulation+HTCair

  • 1. Concentric line
  • 3. Bare tube
  • 2. Bundled lines
  • 4. Stave

Detector Mechanics Forum Oxford, 20 June 2013 Bart Verlaat

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SLIDE 25

carsten.niebuhr@desy.de SVD Review VXD Cooling 11.09.2013

Simulation vs Measurement

18

Cobra example: Node network for IBL

23 T

environement

R4 HTCair R2 +R3 TFoM R1 HTCCO2 TCO2 T

environement

TCO2 TCO2 R4 +R3 Insulation+HTCair R5 Heat exchange R1 HTCCO2 R2 Tube wall Q3 Applied power T

environement

TCO2 R4 +R3 HTCair R1 HTCCO2 R2 Tube wall T

environement

TCO2 R1 HTCCO2 R2 Tube wall TCO2 R1b HTCCO2 R1a HTCCO2 R4 +R3 Insulation+HTCair

  • 1. Concentric line
  • 3. Bare tube
  • 2. Bundled lines
  • 4. Stave

Cooling development philosophy

Whatever the model give as a result:

models are empirical. Use them as a design guideline.

Always verify in a test!

Not only to quantify heat transfer, but as well to filter out strange behavior

2 4 6 8 10 12 14

  • 20
  • 18.4
  • 16.8
  • 15.2
  • 13.6
  • 12

Length [m] Temperature [°C] Test 1 | m = 2.94g/s | Qtotal = 159.30W | dP = 17.77Bar | dT = 4.20°C dTexp =6.55°C dPexp =20.41bar 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 19 23.4 27.8 32.2 36.6 41 Pressure [Bar]

  • Exp. Wall Temperature

Theory Wall Temperature Theory CO2 Temperature

  • Exp. CO2 Pressure

Theory CO2 Pressure

Detector Mechanics Forum Oxford, 20 June 2013 Bart Verlaat

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SLIDE 26

carsten.niebuhr@desy.de SVD Review VXD Cooling 11.09.2013

Thermal Mock-up @ DESY

19

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SLIDE 27

carsten.niebuhr@desy.de SVD Review VXD Cooling 11.09.2013

Thermal Mock-up @ DESY

19

Hot water chiller Paraffin chiller Beam pipe heating Vacuum isolated transfer lines (8m) CO2 Distributor Beam pipe Vacuum pump PXD dry volume end caps

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SLIDE 28

carsten.niebuhr@desy.de SVD Review VXD Cooling 11.09.2013

Beam Pipe Mock-up

20

Aluminium Stainless Steel

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SLIDE 29

carsten.niebuhr@desy.de SVD Review VXD Cooling 11.09.2013

MARCO connected to Thermal Mock-up

21

Delivery of MARCO to DESY delayed (22.7.) because of failures of CO2 pumps. Spare pump heads ordered as back-up. Alternative pumps under long-term study at CERN. Thermal camera Dummy load

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SLIDE 30

carsten.niebuhr@desy.de SVD Review VXD Cooling 11.09.2013

Simulatig PXD Heat Load

22

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SLIDE 31

carsten.niebuhr@desy.de SVD Review VXD Cooling 11.09.2013

Simulatig PXD Heat Load

22

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SLIDE 32

carsten.niebuhr@desy.de BPAC VXD Cooling 11.09.2013

Dummy Sensors

23

Heater will be replaced by dummy sensors with integrated resistors to be provided by HLL

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SLIDE 33

carsten.niebuhr@desy.de SVD Review VXD Cooling 11.09.2013

Set-up for Telescope Test @ DESY

24

  • 4 SVD layers

2 PXD layers Detectors will be cooled with CO2 Chance to gain experience with full chain under more realistic conditions Extended thermal mock-up (incl. SVD) will allow more detailed studies after beam test

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SLIDE 34

carsten.niebuhr@desy.de SVD Review VXD Cooling 11.09.2013

Dry Air Supply @ Tsukuba Hall

25

Existing Dryer filter on top of Belle E-hut Dew point of -50°C reached ~ 6 hours after switching on Capacity 30 l/min should be sufficient Tsuboyama-san

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SLIDE 35

carsten.niebuhr@desy.de SVD Review VXD Cooling 11.09.2013

Dry Air Supply

26

In total foresee 12 cooling pipes on both side of VXD

  • CO2 lines: 8 bwd and 4 fwd
  • (cold) dry air: 4 bwd and 8 fwd

Only sketch of a solution

  • exact path and connection details will depend on experience

to be gained with thermal mock-up

<=4((# >?5@4-?5& 54A%?' B&C(4>& >D55?*4-&A C%C& EF <<#@4>??= C%C& G69#==H

bwd fwd 12

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SLIDE 36

carsten.niebuhr@desy.de SVD Review VXD Cooling 11.09.2013

Dry Air Supply

26

In total foresee 12 cooling pipes on both side of VXD

  • CO2 lines: 8 bwd and 4 fwd
  • (cold) dry air: 4 bwd and 8 fwd

Only sketch of a solution

  • exact path and connection details will depend on experience

to be gained with thermal mock-up

<=4((# >?5@4-?5& 54A%?' B&C(4>& >D55?*4-&A C%C& EF <<#@4>??= C%C& G69#==H

bwd fwd 12 x2 x2 x2 x2 12

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SLIDE 37

carsten.niebuhr@desy.de SVD Review VXD Cooling 11.09.2013

Temperature & Humidity Control

Several redundant temperature measurements will be in place

  • fibre optical sensors (FOS)
  • temperature sensors integrated in chip (slow r/o)
  • PT100 => fast trigger for power off

Ensure VXD volume tightness

  • the enclosure needs to be sufficiently tight so that in case of a dry gas failure it takes minutes/hours for

the humidity to rise and to reach the dew point

Need a humidity monitoring system

  • monitoring system based on humidity sensors
  • preventive system that monitors humidity inside VXD volume
  • radiation hardness is an issue (– system under development at IFIC-CSIC, Valencia)

In addition need independent safety interlock system (based on PLCs) to monitor dry gas flow into detector volume with flowmeter (also at outlets if the volume tightness is good enough).

  • measurement requires minimum flow
  • safety interlock system powers down the main power system of the detector (see talk on SC by

M.Ritzert)

27

Fiber Bragg Grating Optic Sensor

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SLIDE 38

carsten.niebuhr@desy.de SVD Review VXD Cooling 11.09.2013

4%/1* +,-%#.#$'/%0"123&' !""#$%&&

Temperature Rise in Case of CO2 Failure

28

Failure of cooling system caused temperature rise above 100°C within a few minutes Fast reaction is required to avoid damage of detector FOS measurement

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SLIDE 39

carsten.niebuhr@desy.de SVD Review VXD Cooling 11.09.2013

Humidity Sensors

Fibres for temperature and %RH monitoring on the PXD frame (IFCA) A standalone temperature and %RH system is being developed at IFIC for BEAST-II:

  • RH% Sensors = UPS-500 or UPS-600

from Ohmic instruments

  • PT100 temp sensors
  • Readout = Mother-board based on

ARDUINO

Next steps:

  • Finalize characterization of prototype
  • Irradiation with protons in the next

months

  • Try and test 2 other capacitive sensors.

The same readout can be used. Better

  • perational range (0-100 %RH)

29

Arduino: 6,5 X 5,5 cm Sensor Sensor with integrated readout, but RO not radiation tolerant Developed Mother-board P-14 (Innovative Sensor Technology) HCH-1000 (Honeywell)

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SLIDE 40

carsten.niebuhr@desy.de SVD Review VXD Cooling 11.09.2013

Summary

Requirements for VXD cooling system well defined Overall concept of heat management available Many detailed individual studies indicate that VXD cooling concept is viable

  • see specific talks on PXD and SVD

Several aspects require further studies with a realistic thermal mock-up

  • goal is to complete mock-up after telescope test at DESY

30