Containers/Docker Mirna Alaisami Matthias Haeussler What is a - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

▶
containers docker
SMART_READER_LITE
LIVE PREVIEW

Containers/Docker Mirna Alaisami Matthias Haeussler What is a - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Apr 03, 2024 135 likes •626 views

Containers/Docker Mirna Alaisami Matthias Haeussler What is a container? in general 2 What is a Container? "in General" The term comes originally from the transportation world! A shipping container is any

slide-1
SLIDE 1

Containers/Docker

Mirna Alaisami Matthias Haeussler

slide-2
SLIDE 2

What is a container? „in general“

2

slide-3
SLIDE 3

What is a Container? "in General"

3

  • The term comes originally from the

transportation world!

  • A shipping container is any

receptacle or enclosure for holding goods, so that it can be moved from

  • ne place to another without affecting

its content.

[2]

slide-4
SLIDE 4

What problems do containers solve?

slide-5
SLIDE 5
  • Let's say that we want to ship some important documents and at

the same time a kind of liquid. How can we ship them together without having the danger that the liquid may ruin the documents?

  • Simply open up two standardized shipping containers (that can

be handled the same anywhere in the world), load the documents in one of them and the liquid in the other, lock the containers, and ship them next to each other with isolating their content and protecting it from being damaged or lost, using any transportation mode!

What Problems Do Containers Solve?

5 [3] [4]

slide-6
SLIDE 6

What Problems Do Containers Solve?

6 [5]

slide-7
SLIDE 7

What Problems Do Containers Solve?

7

slide-8
SLIDE 8

What Problems Do Containers Solve?

8

slide-9
SLIDE 9

What Problems Do Containers Solve?

9 [6]

slide-10
SLIDE 10

What Problems Do Containers Solve?

10 [7]

slide-11
SLIDE 11

What Problems Do Containers Solve?

11 [8]

slide-12
SLIDE 12

What is a container? "in IT world“

slide-13
SLIDE 13

What is a Container? "in IT World"

13

  • A software container is very similar

to a shipping container in its purpose!

  • Here we simply package a piece of

software along with everything that is needed to make it work.

  • More concretely, a software

container is an isolated working environment for an application, containing all the necessary dependencies, libraries, binaries and configurations needed for the application to run seamlessly.

[9]

slide-14
SLIDE 14

A container in technical words

slide-15
SLIDE 15
  • Technically, a container is a Linux process, or many processes,

which are running isolated from other processes on the system, using the chroot system call and some Linux kernel features such as cgroups and namespaces:

− A chroot system call changes the root directory of a process and its children to a new location in the filesystem. − A namespace wraps the system objects (processes, networking, filesystems, and user ID components) in an abstraction that limits the visibility an object has on other

  • bjects. Thus, container processes are limited to see only

what is in the same namespace.

−

A cgroup (Control group) limits the usage of resources (CPU, memory, disk, I/O) for a group of processes or containers.

A Container in Technical Words

15

slide-16
SLIDE 16

Why do software containers exist?

slide-17
SLIDE 17

Why Do Software Containers Exist?

17

App Java EE

„App Server“

App Java EE

„App Server“

DB jar readme + Dev Ops

!

DevOps Problem

Infrastructure Infrastructure

“Dev” “Prod”

Config

“Lightweight”

[10]

slide-18
SLIDE 18

Why Do Software Containers Exist?

18

App Java EE

„App Server“

App Java EE

„App Server“

DB jar readme + Dev Ops

Infrastructure Infrastructure

“Dev” “Prod”

Config

“Lightweight”

[10]

“Containers”

Node Container Engine Node Container Engine Node Node

☺

slide-19
SLIDE 19
  • Abstraction
  • Isolation
  • Portability
  • Security
  • Agility
  • Disposability
  • Scalability

Why Do Software Containers Exist?

19 [11]

slide-20
SLIDE 20

Containers vs. Container Images

slide-21
SLIDE 21

▪ Container − Begin lifecycle using an image − Running instance of an image − Many containers can be run off the same image

Containers vs. Container Images

21

▪ Container Image − Never started, never “running” − Blueprint of a container (Inert file, that’s the base on which you instantiate containers) − Ensure reusability of containers

  • Let us clarify the terminology before going more into details:

App Runtime-dependency

Container Image Containers Run

slide-22
SLIDE 22

Containers vs. Container Images

22

Ubuntu JVM App „immutable“ Image-name:v1

slide-23
SLIDE 23

Containers vs. Container Images

23

Ubuntu JVM App „immutable“ Image-name:v1 docker run Ubuntu JVM App

Docker Daemon mkdir /tmp create file

ssh

slide-24
SLIDE 24

Containers vs. Container Images

24

Ubuntu JVM App „immutable“ Image-name:v1 docker run Ubuntu JVM App

Docker Daemon mkdir /tmp create file

ssh docker commit Ubuntu JVM App /tmp „immutable“ Image-name:v2

slide-25
SLIDE 25

Container technologies

slide-26
SLIDE 26

Container Technologies

26

1979 2000-2005 2006 2008 2011-2013 2013 2013-2018

chroot Implementation of chroot system call in Unix V7 Enables separation of the file system for individual processes Process Containers, later: cgroups Implementation of cgroups in Linux- Kernel by Google Limiting, accounting and isolating resource usage CF Warden, LMCTFY Container Runtimes of CloudFoundry / Google Slow increase in interest in containers Google/LMCTFY concepts still used today rkt, runC, Kubernetes Competition with Docker with e.g. rkt Release of container tools like Kubernetes FreeBSD Jails, Linux VServer, Solaris Container, OpenVZ Virtualization and isolation in subsystems Required a lot of configuration and some kernel patches LXC The first, most complete implementation

  • f Linux container manager

Implementation without Kernel-Patches A lot of Configuration Baseline for actual Runtimes Docker Release of Docker Platform as open source Significant for the development of the technology Easy handling and management of containers

slide-27
SLIDE 27

What is Docker?

slide-28
SLIDE 28

What is Docker?

28

  • A popular container with a broad

support from the cloud community but also commercially:

− Linux-based docker (based

  • n cgroups and namespaces).

− Windows-based docker (cgroups and namespaces are represented differently).

[17]

slide-29
SLIDE 29

Why Docker?

slide-30
SLIDE 30

Why Docker?

30

  • Has the biggest and growing

community

  • Provides the largest public repository
  • f container images(Docker Hub)
  • Has clear and clean documentation
  • Is easy to use
  • Is an open source technology
  • Integrates with a number of

infrastructure tools

[18]

slide-31
SLIDE 31

Docker Hub

slide-32
SLIDE 32

Docker Hub

32

  • A cloud registry service that enables

storing and discovery of Docker images and automating workflows.

  • Provides both public and private

repositories:

  • Free for public images
  • Cost for private images
  • https://hub.docker.com

[19]

slide-33
SLIDE 33

Docker engine components

slide-34
SLIDE 34

Docker Engine Components

34

  • Docker-Daemon: A persistent

background process (the dockerd command) that manages Docker images, containers, networks, and storage volumes. It constantly listens for Docker API requests and processes them (the dockerd command).

  • A REST API: An API used by

applications to interact with the Docker

  • daemon. It can be accessed by an

HTTP client.

  • Docker-Client: A command line

interface (CLI) client (the docker command) for interacting with the Docker daemon.

manages manages manages manages

[21]

slide-35
SLIDE 35

How does Docker work?

slide-36
SLIDE 36

How does Docker Work?

36

Docker Client

Remote API CLI

OR

[22] [23]

slide-37
SLIDE 37

How does Docker Work?

37

Docker Client Docker Host

CLI

OR Containers Images Docker Daemon

Remote API

slide-38
SLIDE 38

How does Docker Work?

38

Docker Client Docker Host Registry

CLI

OR Containers Images Docker Daemon

Remote API

slide-39
SLIDE 39

How does Docker Work?

39

Docker Client Docker Host Registry

CLI

OR Containers Images Docker Daemon

(1) (1) Dockerfile

Build (1)

(1)

Dowload Base Image (1)

Remote API

slide-40
SLIDE 40

How does Docker Work?

40

Docker Client Docker Host Registry

CLI

OR Containers Images Docker Daemon

(1) (1) (2) (2) Dockerfile

Push (2) Build (1)

(1)

Dowload Base Image (1)

Remote API

slide-41
SLIDE 41

How does Docker Work?

41

Docker Client Docker Host Registry

CLI

OR Containers Images Docker Daemon

Not Found Locally? (3) Get From Registry (3)

(1) (1) (2) (2) (3) (3) Dockerfile

Push (2) Build (1) Pull (3)

(3) (1)

Dowload Base Image (1)

Remote API

slide-42
SLIDE 42

How does Docker Work?

42

Docker Client Docker Host Registry

Remote API CLI

OR Containers Images Docker Daemon

Run (4) Found Locally? (4) „Start Container“ (4)

(1) (1) (2) (2)

Push (2) Build (1) Pull (3) Not Found Locally? (3) Get From Registry (3)

(3) (3) (4) (4) (4) Dockerfile (3) (1)

Dowload Base Image (1)

slide-43
SLIDE 43

Sources

slide-44
SLIDE 44

Sources

1. https://regmedia.co.uk/2017/09/11/shutterstock_containers_in_port.jpg?x=1200&y=794 2. https://i.ytimg.com/vi/XbF-MBr0Vlk/maxresdefault.jpg 3. https://www.shareicon.net/document-file-documents-archive-interface-files-files-and-folders-817212 4. https://www.deviantart.com/thepow/art/Chemistry-Flasks-322657766 5. http://multiboxx.com/ 6. https://fr.pngtree.com/freepng/vector-maritime-transport_1639584.html 7. https://rfclipart.com/image/big/3f-89-52/cargo-container-train-with-diesel-locomotive-Download-Royalty-free- Vector-File-EPS-211474.jpg 8. https://previews.123rf.com/images/leshkasmok/leshkasmok1511/leshkasmok151100178/49155728-trasporto- aereo-di-concetto-di-trasporto-appartamento-stile-illustrazione-concetto-di-logistica-pu%C3%B2-ess.jpg 9. https://blog.risingstack.com/operating-system-containers-vs-application-containers/ 10. https://us.123rf.com/450wm/ylivdesign/ylivdesign1701/ylivdesign170101181/68586484-laptop-icon-isometric- 3d-style.jpg?ver=6 11. https://medium.com/tech-tajawal/devops-in-a-scaling-environment-9d5416ecb928

44

slide-45
SLIDE 45

Sources

  • 12. https://www.linuxfoundation.org/Projects/rkt/attachment/rkt-01/
  • 13. https://static.openvz.org/artwork/Logos/ovz_transparent.png
  • 14. http://vserver.13thfloor.at/Stuff/LOGO/Linux-VServer-1.01s.png
  • 15. https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/LXC
  • 16. https://www.vectorlogo.zone/logos/docker/docker-official.svg
  • 17. https://news.opensuse.org/2018/05/04/hands-on-with-docker-opensuse-

leap-15/

  • 18. https://www.radcortez.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/docker-logo.png
  • 19. https://hub.docker.com
  • 20. http://www.cashadvance6online.com/data/archive/img/288163466.png
  • 21. https://docs.docker.com/engine/docker-overview/
  • 22. http://icons.iconarchive.com/icons/dakirby309/simply-styled/256/Mac-

Terminal-icon.png

45

slide-46
SLIDE 46

Sources

  • 23. https://vskumarblogs.files.wordpress.com/2017/11/docker-logo.png?w=625
  • 24. https://www.slideshare.net/Docker/tips-and-tricks-of-the-docker-captains
  • 25. https://i0.wp.com/codeblog.dotsandbrackets.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/compose-

logo.jpg?resize=262%2C285

  • 26. https://www.linode.com/docs/applications/containers/how-to-use-docker-compose/
  • 27. https://i.pinimg.com/originals/e2/e0/3c/e2e03c2a3fc0250e4e7c4b326a26a049.png
  • 28. https://i2.wp.com/thepracticalsysadmin.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/k8s1.png?ssl=1
  • 29. http://www.howtochoosealaptop.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/PayPal.jpg,

https://expandedramblings.com/index.php/paypal-statistics/

  • 30. http://techgenix.com/tgwordpress/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/ADP-logo-1024x465.png,

http://techgenix.com/containers-success-stories/

  • 31. https://blog.expedia.co.uk/holiday-habits/top-10-apps/img/main/expedialogo.png,

https://www.docker.com/customers/expedia

46

slide-47
SLIDE 47

Novatec Consulting GmbH

Dieselstraße 18/1 D-70771 Leinfelden-Echterdingen

  • T. +49 711 22040-700

info@novatec-gmbh.de www.novatec-gmbh.de

Senior Consultant

Matthias Haeussler

Matthias.haeussler@novatec-gmbh.de Consultant

Mirna Alaisami

Mirna.Alaisami@novatec-gmbh.de