Consumer Habits and Practices for Formulated Cleaning Products and Personal Care Products Symposium on: Exploring Global Data Resources for Consumer Exposure Assessment Presented By: Dr. Paul C. DeLeo Senior Director, Environmental Safety 21 st Annual Meeting of the International Society of Exposure Science Baltimore, Maryland October 25, 2011 1
About ACI • ACI is a 117-member trade association representing the $30 billion US cleaning products industry • ACI has studied product ingredient safety for 50 years • ACI sponsored nearly 300 of 2,700 HPV chemicals in the EPA and OECD programs over the last decade • ACI provided data beyond-SIDS including exposure and screening-level risk assessments of its ingredients 2
Information Needs for Exposure Assessment of Formulated Consumer Products • What ingredients are in products? • What are the exposure models for products? • What are the exposure factors for products? • What is the ingredient concentration? • Is there one place where I can find all of this information? 3
What ingredients are in products? • Mandatory ingredient reporting – Cosmetic labeling (except fragrances, dyes, preservatives) • Fragrance Industry published a list of fragrance ingredients used in consumer goods by their customers worldwide in 2010 – Cleaning product labeling in Europe • Voluntary ingredient reporting for cleaning products – N. America Ingredient Communication (ACI/CSPA/CCSPA) (http://www.cleaninginstitute.org/ingredientcentral/) – Australia “What’s In It?” campaign (ACCORD) 4
What are the exposure models for products? Product exposure scenarios broken down by: • Route of exposure (dermal, oral, respiratory) • Direct/Indirect exposure • Activity/Use • Regional approaches (North America, Europe, Other) 5
Sample Exposure Models Exposure Route PE Scenario PE Model Parameters Dermal: Indirect Exposure after activity/use: North American (NA) approach: A: amount used (g/day) Laundry detergents: wearing clothing PR: percent retained on clothing (%) A × PR × PT × CF × DA Fabric conditioners: wearing clothing PT: % transferred from clothing to skin BW CF: conversion factor (1,000 mg/g) DA: dermal absorption (100%) where, BW: female body weight (60 kg) PR = 1% based on SDA data PD: percent deposition (%) European Union (EU) approach: FD: fabric density (mg/cm 2 ) A × PR × PT × CF × DA W: total wash weight (mg) BW CA: body surface contact area (cm 2 ) Sw: Mass of water after spin cycle (kg) where Tw: Mass of water per spin cycle (kg) PR = (PD × FD) / W) × CA and PD = Sw / Tw Dermal: Direct Exposure during activity/use of: NA and EU approach: FQ: frequency of use (use/day) CA: body surface contact area (cm 2 ) Laundry detergent: hand-washing FQ × CA × PC × FT × CF × TF × DA PC: product concentration (g/cm 3 ) clothes BW Laundry detergent: laundry FT: film thickness on skin (cm) pretreatment CF: conversion factor (1,000 mg/g) Dish detergent: hand-washing dishes TF: time scaling factor (unitless) Dish detergent: washing hands DA: dermal absorption (100%) Dilutable hard surface cleaners BW: female body weight (60 kg) Nondilutable hard surface cleaners Dilutable all-purpose cleaners Nondilutable all-purpose cleaners 6
What are the exposure factors for products? Exposure factors (habits and practices) for formulated consumer products: • Frequency of product use • Amount of product per use (dosing) • Duration of use (time to rinse-off) 7
Data Sources • Regulatory authorities (e.g., EPA Exposure Factors Handbook, EU Technical Guidance Document) • Submissions to regulatory authorities (e.g., AISE- CEFIC HERA, AIHC exposure initiative assessments) • Published literature • Survey data collected by industry associations (i.e., CTFA/PCPC, COLIPA, AISE, SDA/ACI) • Member company data 8
Exposure Factor Data Sources • Cleaning product habits and practices – For laundry, dishwashing & hard surface cleaners • North America: SDA/ACI (Sanderson et al., 2006) • Europe: AISE/CEFIC HERA Guidance Document (2005) • Personal care product habits and practices – For 12 product types covering 95% of exposure) • U.S.: CTFA/PCPC (Loretz et al., 2005, 2006, 2008) • Europe (Hall et al., 2007, 2011) 9
What is the ingredient concentration? SDA 2001 Member Survey • Chemical production/importation volume • Chemical use by product category (e.g., liquid laundry detergent) • Chemical releases to the environment • Conditions under which potential worker exposures are mitigated • Concentration in formulated products 10
SDA Member Survey Results • Minimum/maximum ingredient concentrations • Major chemical categories: Aliphatic acids, Aliphatic alcohols, Alkyl sulfates, Amine oxides, Hydrotropes, LAS • Five product categories – Laundry: 9 product types – Dishwashing: 3 product types – General Cleaning: 7 product types – Personal Care: 15 product types – Cosmetics: 4 product types • North America, Europe and Japan 11
One-stop Shopping • Exposure data for formulated consumer products • Risk screening methodology • Case studies: peer-reviewed journal articles • Ingredient concentration data • Available on ACI Science website (aciscience.org) 12
Summary • Data are readily available for what ingredients are in cleaning product from manufacturers (http://www.cleaninginstitute.org/ingredientcentral/) • Info on exposure models, exposure factors and (some) ingredient concentrations for formulated consumer products are available via ACIScience.org • Ingredient concentration data are often proprietary so some educated estimation may be necessary 13
References • Hall, B., S. Tozer, B. Safford, M. Coroama, W. Steiling, M.C. Leneveu-Duchemin, C. McNamara, M. Gibney. 2007. European consumer exposure to cosmetic products, a framework for conducting population exposure assessments. Food Chem. Tox. 45: 2097-2108. • Hall, B., W. Steiling, B. Safford, M. Coroama, S. Tozer, C. Firmani, C. McNamara, M. Gibney. 2011. European consumer exposure to cosmetic products, a framework for conducting population exposure assessments Part 2. Food Chem. Tox. 49: 408-422. • Human and Environmental Risk Assessment on Ingredients of Household Cleaning Products (HERA). 2005. Guidance Document Methodology. Available at: http://www.heraproject.com/files/HERA TGD February 2005.pdf • Loretz, L.J., A.M. Api, L.M. Barraj, J. Burdick, W.E. Dressler, S.D. Gettings, H. Han Hsu, Y.H.L. Pan, T.A. Re, K.J. Renskers, A. Rothenstein, C.G. Scrafford, C. Sewall. 2005. Exposure data for cosmetic products: lipstick, body lotion, and face cream. Food Chem. Tox. 43:279-291. • Loretz, L., A.M. Api, L. Barraj, J. Burdick, D. Davis, W. Dressler, E. Gilberti, G. Jarrett, S. Mann, Y.H.L. Pan, T. Re, K. Renskers, C. Scrafford, S. Vater. 2006. Exposure data for personal care products: Hairspray, spray perfume, liquid foundation, shampoo, body wash, and solid antiperspirant. Food Chem. Tox. 44: 2008-2018. • Loretz, L.J., A.M. Api, L. Babcock, L.M. Barraj, J. Burdick, K.C. Cater, G. Jarrett, S. Mann, Y.H.L. Pan, T.A. Re, K.J. Renskers, C.G. Scrafford. 2008. Exposure data for cosmetic products: Facial cleanser, hair conditioner, and eye shadow. Food Chem. Tox. 46: 1516-1524. • Sanderson, H. J.L. Counts, K.L. Stanton and R.I. Sedlak. 2006. Exposure and prioritization – human screening data and methods for high production volume chemicals in consumer products: Amine oxides, a case study. Risk Analysis 26(6): 1637-1657. 14
Thank You Dr. Paul C. DeLeo Senior Director, Environmental Safety American Cleaning Institute 1331 L Street, N.W., Suite 650 Washington, D.C. 20005 202-662-2516 pdeleo@cleaninginstitute.org http://www.aciscience.org 15
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