CM40212 HTTP/SMTP Primer Terminal access The examples are best run - - PDF document

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CM40212 HTTP/SMTP Primer Terminal access The examples are best run from a unix (linux) machine: From the windows desktop open Putty Connect to lcpu.bath.ac.uk Log in with your BUCS username and password. Simple HTTP 1.0 get We

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CM40212 HTTP/SMTP Primer

Terminal access

The examples are best run from a unix (linux) machine:

From the windows desktop open Putty
Connect to lcpu.bath.ac.uk
Log in with your BUCS username and password.

Simple HTTP 1.0 get

We connect to the bath web server (www.bath.ac.uk) which has the IP 138.38.0.49 To get the IP of a server run (user input is in bold):

> host www.bath.ac.uk www.bath.ac.uk has address 138.38.0.49

The following gets the bath home page (http://www.bath.ac.uk/)

> telnet 138.38.0.49 80 GET / HTTP/1.0 HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Thu, 13 Oct 2011 09:57:02 GMT Server: Apache/2.2.20 (Unix) Accept-Ranges: bytes Connection: close Content-Type: text/html <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Internal homepage | University of Bath</title> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <meta name="DC.Creator" content="web-ed@bath.ac.uk" /> ...

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Simple HTTP/1.1 get with host

The following gets the same page in HTTP/1.0 referring to the specied host (required).

> telnet 138.38.0.49 80 GET / HTTP/1.1 Host: www.bath.ac.uk HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Thu, 13 Oct 2011 15:00:54 GMT Server: Apache/2.2.20 (Unix) Vary: Host Accept-Ranges: bytes Transfer-Encoding: chunked Content-Type: text/html 11f2 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Internal homepage | University of Bath</title> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <meta name="DC.Creator" content="web-ed@bath.ac.uk" /> ...

Simple HTTP/1.1 get of different virtual host

> telnet 138.38.0.49 80 GET / HTTP/1.1 Host: www.teambath.com HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Thu, 13 Oct 2011 15:06:42 GMT Server: Apache/2.2.20 (Unix) X-Powered-By: PHP/5.3.8 X-Pingback: http://www.teambath.com/xmlrpc.php Transfer-Encoding: chunked Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8 203c <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"> <head> <title>Team Bath</title> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=7" /> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <meta name="language" content="english" /> ...

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Simple HTTP POST

We post data to http://people.bath.ac.uk/masjap/post.php

> telnet 138.38.32.6 80 POST /masjap/post.php HTTP/1.1 Host: people.bath.ac.uk Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded Content-Length: 17 var1=foo&var2=bar HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Thu, 13 Oct 2011 15:12:40 GMT Server: Boa/0.94.14rc21 Accept-Ranges: bytes X-Powered-By: PHP/5.3.5 Content-type: text/html X-Cache: MISS from people.bath.ac.uk Transfer-Encoding: chunked 67 <html> <body> Post variables <pre> Array ( [var1] => foo [var2] => bar ) </pre> </body> </html>

Sending Cookies

We send some cookies to http://people.bath.ac.uk/masjap/cookie.php and get some back.

> telnet people.bath.ac.uk 80 GET /masjap/cookie.php HTTP/1.1 Host: people.bath.ac.uk Cookie: cookie1=value1;cookie2=value2 HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Thu, 13 Oct 2011 15:57:10 GMT Server: Boa/0.94.14rc21 Accept-Ranges: bytes X-Powered-By: PHP/5.3.5 Set-Cookie: cookiekey1=Some+text Set-Cookie: last_visit=Thu%2C+13+Oct+2011+16%3A57%3A21+%2B0100 Content-type: text/html X-Cache: MISS from people.bath.ac.uk Transfer-Encoding: chunked 78 <html> <body> I received cookies: <pre> Array ( [cookie1] => value1 [cookie2] => value2 ) </pre> </body> </html>

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Failed authentication

The URL http://people.bath.ac.uk/masjap/auth.php requires authentication

> telnet people.bath.ac.uk 80 GET /masjap/auth.php HTTP/1.1 Host: people.bath.ac.uk TTP/1.1 401 Unauthorized Date: Thu, 13 Oct 2011 16:04:53 GMT X-Powered-By: PHP/5.3.5 WWW-Authenticate: Basic realm="Authenticated Page" Content-type: text/html X-Cache: MISS from people.bath.ac.uk Transfer-Encoding: chunked 42 This is the body of the 401 response, mostly people don’t see this

Successful authentication

We post to the same URL, this time including a base-64 encoded username and password. For HTTP Basic Auth the encoding scheme is Base64(username : password). The page accepts any combination of username and

passsword. Use an online tool like http://www.motobit.com/util/base64-decoder-encoder.

asp to encode the authentication data, or use the unix command line tool base64.

> telnet people.bath.ac.uk 80 GET /masjap/auth.php HTTP/1.1 Host: people.bath.ac.uk Authorization: Basic QWxhZGRpbjpvcGVuIHNlc2FtZQ== HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Thu, 13 Oct 2011 16:08:39 GMT Server: Boa/0.94.14rc21 Accept-Ranges: bytes X-Powered-By: PHP/5.3.5 Content-type: text/html X-Cache: MISS from people.bath.ac.uk Transfer-Encoding: chunked 65 <html> <body> hello Aladdin you entered the password:open sesame </body> </html>

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Simple SMTP session

The following session sends mail to me from me, note that the From:, and Date header are required to send a

mail. Use http://www.sanctumvoid.net/jsexamples/rfc822datetime/rfc822datetime.

html to get the RFC822 date time.

> telnet mx.bath.ac.uk 25 220-mx.bath.ac.uk 220-Greetings from the University of Bath. 220-I’m pleased to meet you. 220 mansell.bath.ac.uk SMTP server ready HELO jap-lap3.cs.bath.ac.uk 250 mansell.bath.ac.uk Hello fire.cs.bath.ac.uk [138.38.108.253] MAIL From: <j.a.padget@bath.ac.uk> 250 OK RCPT To: <j.a.padget@bath.ac.uk> 250 Accepted DATA 354 Enter message, ending with "." on a line by itself From: Julian Padget <j.a.padget@bath.ac.uk> To: Julian Padget <j.a.padget@bath.ac.uk> Subject: Test email Date: Thu, 13 Oct 2011 17:13:41 +0100 I think we have met somewhere before . 250 OK id=1RENtY-0003Yq-5F QUIT 221 mansell.bath.ac.uk closing connection