Clear genetic and epidemiological evidence for LDL-C as a risk - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Meta-analysis of 312,321 participants: long-term exposure to lower LDL-C was associated with 54.5% reduction in risk of CHD for each 1 mmol/L (38.7 mg/dL) lower LDL-C1

Clear genetic and epidemiological evidence for LDL-C as a risk factor

[To convert, 100 mg/dL=2.59 mmol/L]. CHD, coronary heart disease; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDLR, low-density lipoprotein receptor; LLT, lipid- lowering therapy; PCSK9, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9; SE, standard error. 1. Ference BA, et al. J Am Coll Cardiol 2012;60:2631–9. 2. Ference BA, et al. J Am Coll Cardiol 2015;65:1552–61.

Mendelian randomization analysis2

(Am J Prev Med 1998;15(4):362–378)

Recall of mass-media messages generally was high, but mass- media campaigns had very little impact on physical activity behavior. Interventions using print and/or telephone were effective in changing behavior in the short term. Studies in which there were more contacts and interventions tailored to the target audience were most effective. A key issue for research on media-based physical activity interventions is reaching socially disadvantaged groups for whom access, particularly to new forms of communication technology, may be limited.

Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2015;17:644–650.

Widespread and well-documented difficulties in the ability to take an accurate and reproducible BP measurement. Low-resource-driven cost decisions have contributed to a predominance of unreliably calibrated aneroid manual BP measurement devices

Task-shifting strategy : defined as the rational distribution

• f primary

care duties from physicians to non-physician healthcare providers

BMJ Open 2014;4:

• e005983. doi:10.1136/

bmjopen-2014-005983

BMJ Open 2014;4:

• e005983. doi:10.1136/

bmjopen-2014-005983