Clean Energy Markets in the Wake of COVID-19 Daniel Kammen Energy - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Clean Energy Markets in the Wake of COVID-19 Daniel Kammen Energy - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Mar 17, 2024 11 likes •377 views

Clean Energy Markets in the Wake of COVID-19 Daniel Kammen Energy and Resources Group (Chair) Goldman School of Public Policy Department of Nuclear Engineering Director, Renewable and Appropriate Energy Laboratory University of California,

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Daniel Kammen Energy and Resources Group (Chair) Goldman School of Public Policy Department of Nuclear Engineering Director, Renewable and Appropriate Energy Laboratory University of California, Berkeley Former Science Envoy, United States Department of State

Boston University – Institute for Sustainable Energy | October 23, 2020

Clean Energy Markets in the Wake of COVID-19

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http://rael.berkeley.edu

The Impact of COVID-19 on Energy Use and Emissions

Nature Communications https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-18922-7 Figure 1 Daily CO2 emissions Q1 of 2019 (dotted line) and 2020 (Solid Line)

Coal use - 10 % globally since January Gas use - 4 % globally since January Green energy + 3 % globally since January

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2013 2020 2030

California Energy Goals: Aggressive & Evolving

20% 33% 50%

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California Senate Bill 100: 100% clean energy by 2045 and 2030 standard now 60% (without nuclear or large hydro) 60%

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9.23.2020 - China to peak emissions by 2030, carbon neutral by 2060 9.22.2020 - California has peaked emissions, & will now end internal combustion sales by 2035

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Schmitt, Kittner, Kondoff & Kammen (2019) Nature, 569, 330-332 More solar jobs in California than fossil fuel jobs More solar jobs in California than utility jobs.

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𝐷2 𝐷1 = 𝑊

2

𝑊

1 −𝑐

The Learning Curve Swanson’s Law “Moore’s Law”

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Materials Science for Storage Innovation

Data from: Schmidt, O., Hawkes, A., Gambhir, A., & Staffell, I. (2017). The future cost of electrical energy storage based on experience rates. Nature Energy, 2, 2017110. Qiu, Y., & Anadon, L. D. (2012). The price of wind power in China during its expansion: Technology adoption, learning- by-doing, economies of scale, and manufacturing localization. Energy Economics, 34(3), 772-785. ;

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http://rael.berkeley.edu

Solve Climate by 2030: Can We?

Energy economics say we can Overnight Energy costs:

$0/tCO2

Gas Solar Wind Nuclear Gas

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http://rael.berkeley.edu

Solve Climate by 2030: Can We?

Energy economics say we can California & Quebec:

$20/tCO2

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http://rael.berkeley.edu

Solve Climate by 2030: Can We?

Energy economics say we can Social Cost of Carbon:

$50/tCO2

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http://rael.berkeley.edu

Under the Radar, but Over the Moon

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  • All new residential construction in California

will be zero net energy by 2020.

Residential New Construction

California Energy Efficiency Strategies: Policy Drives Innovation

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Zero net energy after January 1, 2020

Residential Construction

California Energy Efficiency & Solar Policy Drives Innovation

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  • All new commercial construction in California will be zero

net energy by 2030.

  • Leverage opportunities from emerging technologies

initiatives, incentive programs, and local initiatives targeting commercial building/ property developers.

Commercial New Construction

Big Bold EE Strategies

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The World’s Largest Iron-Chromium Flow Battery

EnerVault Iron-Chromium Technology 1 MW-hr capacity at 250 kW (4 hour duration) Turlock, CA

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California Advancing Energy Efficiency

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Target: 100% EV taxi fleet in Shenzhen, China (28,000+ vehicles) 96% of the taxi fleet Dr Cheng Zheng, CEO, Aspiring Citizens Cleantech (ACC) & Gordon Bauer (ERG, UC Berkeley)

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Racial disparity is observed – even at same income

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No majority

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No majority White Hispanic Black

Racial disparity is observed – even at same income

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http://rael.berkeley.edu

Learn from our Mistakes: The need for Environmental Justice

  • Lack of solar power and electric

vehicle access where the health benefits are highest

  • California Green New Deal:

Dedicated seed fund of $3.5 billion/yr for disadvantaged areas

  • One California proposal (not yet

passed): affordable housing at transit hubs.

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Electricity

  • System Architecture
  • ~200 kW PV DC microgrid based on

utility backbone with single inverter connection to the grid

  • Charging stations for shared EVs – or

Individual charging stations

  • 10 x 25 kWh/10 kW flywheel storage
  • Estimated ~250 to 300 MWh/year PV

production.

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RAEL partners with Shenzhen to use the Internet of Things (IOT) to reduce waiting times for EV recharging

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http://rael.berkeley.edu

Many Opportunities: The Green Stimulus

https://medium.com/@green_stimulus_now/a-green-stimulus-to-rebuild-our-economy-1e7030a1d9ee Author team: Johanna Bozuwa, J. Mijin Cha, Daniel Aldana Cohen, Billy Fleming, Jim Goodman, Ayana Elizabeth Johnson, Daniel M Kammen, Julian Brave NoiseCat, Mark Paul, Raj Patel, Thea Riofrancos (2020) “A Green Stimulus”, https://medium.com/@green_stimulus_now/a-green- stimulus-to-rebuild-our-economy-1e7030a1d9ee

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http://rael.berkeley.edu

http://rael.berkeley.edu Resources:

@dan_kammen

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FEEDBACKS AMONG ELECTRIC VEHICLE ADOPTION, CHARGING, AND THE COST AND INSTALLATION OF ROOFTOP SOLAR

ROBERT K. KAUFMANN DEREK NEWBERRY XIN CHEN SUCHARITA GOPAL

In Press Nature Energy

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PANDEMIC DIMINISHES THE ROLE OF ECONOMICS

  • Trust in science
  • Home improvement
  • Self-sufficiency
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RELATIONS PV, COSTS, EV, & CHARGINING STATIONS

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Rooftop Solar ↔ Electric Vehicles

  • Environmental complementarity
  • Visibility
  • Social norms
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Rooftop Solar ↔ Installation Costs

  • Learning by doing
  • Lower costs enhance installation
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Electric Vehicles & Charging Stations

  • No relation
  • Range anxiety
  • Housing type
  • Charging equipment
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Policy Implications

  • Space Matters!
  • Trigger decision-making
  • EV subsidies by zip code
  • SREC conversion efficiencies by zip code
  • Feedback Multiplier