Children and Young Adults in Poverty: A look by Race and Geography - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Children and Young Adults in Poverty: A look by Race and Geography November 17, 2015 www.clasp.org

• Introduction and Framing • Overview of National Data • State-Level Data: Bringing Child and Youth Poverty Close To Home • Lessons from the Field: Using Data to Inform Advocacy and Policy Development • Resources • Q&A www.clasp.org 2

• Olivia Golden , Executive Director, CLASP • Christina Walker , Policy Analyst, Child Care and Early Education • Stephanie Schmit , Senior Policy Analyst, Child Care and Early Education • Kisha Bird , Director, Youth Policy • Michele Corey , VP for Programs, Michigan’s Children www.clasp.org 3

Introduction Olivia Golden 4

• What lens does CLASP bring to the annual poverty release?  An opportunity to tell key stories about poverty in America – and to bring them close to home.  An opportunity to understand problems and needs more deeply.  An opportunity to connect problems with solutions.  A chance to learn from you: within this large amount of data, where should we focus? www.clasp.org 5

• Growing up poor or near-poor is typical, not rare. • Poor and near-poor children live in families with workers. • Young adults are the poorest adults – and young adults with children the poorest of all. • Children of color will be the majority in 2020 – so their high levels of poverty are a major concern. • Many fast-growing states have very high child and young adult poverty. www.clasp.org 6

Source: William H. Frey, The Brookings Institute analysis of U.S. Census data, 2011. www.clasp.org 7

CALIFORNIA TEXAS FLORIDA NEW YORK GEORGIA OHIO ILLINOIS NORTH CAROLINA PENNSYLVANIA MICHIGAN All Other States Source: U.S. Census American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2014. www.clasp.org 8

• Ambitious public policies have worked and can work again. • The future agenda must be multi-faceted, targeting low-wage work, income, children and youth. • The agenda must include children and youth of color, children of immigrants, at its center. • The agenda cannot leave out state policy – including the South, Midwest and Southwest www.clasp.org 9

National Data Christina Walker 10

50% 47.2% 46.6% 44.1% 45% Low-Income 40% Rate 34.3% 35% Poverty Rate 30% 24.8% 23.9% 25% 21.7% 20% 15.5% 15% 10% 5% 0% Source: CLASP All People Children Under Children Under Adults 18-24 analysis of U.S. Census American 6 18 Community Survey . data, 2014. www.clasp.org 11

The majority of children in poor and low-income families have at least one working parent. 100% 81% 79% 80% 80% 71% 69% 68% 60% Children in Poverty 40% Low-income Children 20% 0% Under 6 Ages 6-17 Under 18 Source: CLASP analysis of U.S. Census American Community Survey 3-year estimates (2011-2013). www.clasp.org 12

45% Black or African 40% American 35% White, Non- 30% Hispanic 25% Hispanic 20% 15% American Indian/Alaskan 10% Native 5% Asian 0% Source: CLASP Analysis of U.S. Under Age 6 Under Age 18 Ages 18-24 . Census Bureau American Community Survey 1-year estimates (2014). www.clasp.org 13

Source: CLASP analysis of U.S. Census American Community Survey data, 2014. www.clasp.org

Nearly one third of children living in poverty have at least one foreign-born parent. . Source: U.S. Census American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2014. www.clasp.org 15

State-Level Data: Bringing Child and Youth Poverty Close To Home Stephanie Schmit and Kisha Bird 16

Poverty Rate of Children Under 6 D.C. (Not to scale) Scale 13.5%-15% 15.1%-16.6% 16.7%-18.2% 18.3%-19.8% 19.9%-20.4% 20.5%-22% 23.7%-25.2% 25.3%-26.8% 26.9%-28.4% 28.5%-30% 30.1%-31.6% 31.7%-33.2% 33.3%-34.8% 400 km 200 mi Source: U.S. Census American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2014. www.clasp.org

Poverty Rate of Children Under 6 Black or African American alone D.C. (Not to scale) Scale 8%-12.8% 12.9%-17.7% 17.8%-22.6% 22.7%-27.5% 27.6%-32.4% 32.5%-37.3% 37.4%-42.2% 42.3%-47.1% 47.2%-52% 52.1%-56.9% 57%-61.8% 61.9%-66.7% 66.8%-71.6% 400 km 200 mi Note: States in white indicate population is too Source: U.S. Census American Community small to measure Survey 1-year estimates, 2014. www.clasp.org

Poverty Rate of Children Under 6 Hispanic or Latino D.C. (Not to scale) Scale 9%-12.2% 12.3%-15.5% 15.6%-18.8% 18.9%-22.1% 22.2%-25.4% 25.5%-28.7% 28.8%-32% 32.1%-35.3% 35.4%-38.6% 38.7%-41.9% 42%-45.2% 45.3%-48.5% 48.6%-51.8% 400 km 200 mi Source: U.S. Census American Community Survey 1- year estimates, 2014. www.clasp.org

State Percent Top 5 highest poverty rates for AIAN North Dakota 64% children South Dakota 62% Oregon 57% Nebraska 56% Minnesota 53% State Number Top 5 number of Alabama 27,436 AIAN children Alaska 27,006 living in poverty Arizona 20,130 Arkansas 18,120 California 10,472 www.clasp.org

• Poverty is highest for children under 6 across all race and ethnic groups compared to other age groups. • While overarching poverty for children under 6 is highest in the south, the highest concentrations of regional poverty vary significantly by race. www.clasp.org

Poverty Rate of Children Under 18 D.C. (Not to scale) Scale 12.5%-13.8% 13.9%-15.2% 15.3%-16.6% 16.7%-18% 18.1%-19.4% 19.5%-20.8% 20.9%-22.2% 22.3%-23.6% 23.6%-24.9% 25%-26.3% 26.4%-27.7% 27.8%-29.1% 29.2%-30.5% 400 km 200 mi Source: U.S. Census American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2014. www.clasp.org

Poverty Rate of Children Under 18 Black or African American D.C. (Not to scale) Scale 17%-19.6% 19.7%-22.3% 22.4%-25% 25.1%-27.7% 27.8%-30.4% 30.5%-33.1% 33.2%-35.8% 35.9%-38.5% 38.6%-41.2% 41.3%-43.9% 44%-46.6% 46.7%-49.3% 49.4%-52% 400 km 200 mi Note: States in white indicate population is too Source: U.S. Census American Community small to measure Survey 1-year estimates, 2014. www.clasp.org

Poverty Rate of Children Under 18 Hispanic or Latino D.C. (Not to scale) Scale 4%-7.3% 7.4%-10.7% 10.8%-14.1% 14.2%-17.5% 17.6%-20.9% 21%-24.3% 24.4%-27.3% 27.4%-30.7% 30.8%-34.1% 34.2%-37.5% 37.6%-40.9% 41%-44.3% 44.4%-47.7% 400 km 200 mi Source: U.S. Census American Community Survey 1-year estimates (2014). www.clasp.org

• While poverty rates are lower for children under 18 than for children under 6, there are many clusters of states with high poverty for this age range in the different groups. • The South and Midwest continues to be the place where the highest poverty states are across the different groups. www.clasp.org

Source: U.S. Census American Community Survey 1-year estimates (2014). www.clasp.org 26

50 40 Number of States Above 40% 30 30%-40% 20-30% 20 0-20% 10 0 Black or African- Hispanic or Latino American Indian/Alaska Asian alone White alone (non- American alone Native alone Hispanic/Latino) Source: U.S. Census American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2014. www.clasp.org 27

Note: States in white indicate population is too Source: U.S. Census American Community data, 2014. small to measure www.clasp.org 28

Source: U.S. Census American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2014. www.clasp.org 29

• American Indian/Alaska States with Highest AINA Youth Poverty Rates Native young adults have 80.0% disturbingly high levels of 70.0% poverty across many 60.0% states 50.0%  SD Native Young Adult 40.0% Poverty Rate is the highest 30.0% for any racial group in any 20.0% state for 18-24 year olds 10.0% 0.0% SOUTH MAINE NORTH IDAHO MONTANA DAKOTA DAKOTA Source: U.S. Census American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2014. 30 www.clasp.org

 African American: 38.01%**  Hispanic/Latino: 26.12%**  American Indian/Alaska Native: 39.2%**  Asian: 38.33%** **Indicates the highest regional average in the country – ***Midwest Region as defined by US Census to include: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin Source: CLASP analysis of U.S. Census American Community Survey data (2014). 31 www.clasp.org

• In the South, young American Indian/ adult poverty is over Native Hispanic South White Black Alaskan Asian /Latino 25% in 9 states Alabama 25.00% 34.1% 27.7% 40.8% 32.0% across all racial/ethnic Arkansas 26.00% 43.0% 9.5% 40.2% 31.1% categories (with two Kentucky 26.60% 42.4% N/A 43.1% 32.8% Mississippi 27.30% 39.5% N/A N/A 42.5% exceptions Arkansas North Carolina 25.90% 31.9% 34.0% 28.2% 32.4% for American Indian Oklahoma 25.90% 37.9% 26.7% 30.6% 30.6% and Alaskan Native South Carolina 24.00% 32.5% 30.4% 25.7% 36.1% and South Carolina Tennessee 26.70% 37.2% N/A 28.3% 33.9% for Whites) West Virginia 30.60% 38.3% N/A N/A 21.5% Source: CLASP analysis of U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (2014). 32 www.clasp.org

Lessons from the Field: Using Data to Inform Advocacy and Policy Development Michele Corey VP for Programs Michigan’s Children 33