Ch. 5 continued 1 Classification systems Evolutionary Systematics: - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Ch. 5 continued 1

Classification systems Evolutionary Systematics: explains ancestor-descendant relationships over time . Cladistics: uses shared derived traits to classify new species. -No time dimension. 2

Homologies Homologies: similarities between groups due to common descent. Derived traits: modified from the ancestral conditions. 3

Macroevolutionary processes Adaptive radiation: rapid expansion and diversification of groups into empty niches. Niche: a species' place in an environmental setting. 4

Generalized vs specialized traits Generalized: adapted for many functions. Specialized: traits specialize to niches. -Arise during adaptive radiation. 5

Fossil: remains of an organism preserved over time *Mineralization: organic material is chemically turned into rock. 6

Fossil: remains of an organism preserved over time *Mineralization: organic material is chemically turned into rock. *Organisms are trapped in tree resin/an anoxic environment . *Imprints: tracks or leaves hardened in mud. 7

Paleozoic era (570-225 mya) -first vertebrates emerged -first mammal-like reptiles -Pangaea formed Mesozoic era (225-65 mya) -Age of dinosaurs Cenozoic era (65-0 mya) -Age of mammals 8

Video question Attendance: Write your name on a piece of paper and do the following: Identify at least three examples of the different concepts discussed in the course so far. Ex: Homologies, mitosis, meiosis, natural selection, genetic drift, gene flow (migration), mutation, etc. https://youtu.be/StqZI9pMq0U?t=223 9