CERN BLIP High-Z & Si Capsules and BLIP run 2 NBI2017: 10 th International Workshop on Neutrino Beams and Instrumentation + 4 th RaDIATE Meeting Sept. 18 th – 22 nd 2017, Tokai-Mura, Ibaraki, Japan Elvis Fornasiere On behalf of Marco Calviani and EN-STI-TCD Material Science PhD Candidate European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
Outline Introduction Projects Summary BLIP Capsule Introduction Beam Design AD-Target intercepting DPA and Gas HRMT-27 devices production Simulations Foreseen PIE CERN BLIP run2 E. Fornasiere - CERN BLIP High-Z & Si capsule and BLIP run 2 22.09.2017 2 NBI2017 + 4th RaDIATE Meeting, Tokai-Mura, Ibaraki, Japan, Sept. 18th – 22nd 2017
Framework: Beam Intercepting Devices (EN-STI-TCD) Fixed target: device in which impacting primary beam produce secondary particles interesting for an experiment (example: AD target, producing pbars for AD experiments) Dump/absorbers: device to absorb primary or secondary beams in a safe manner when not required anymore by operation Other examples: collimators, beam windows, etc. Which TIDVG properties? Energy density Stresses on Intermet block AD- Target M. Calviani, CERN, 19.09.2017 E. Fornasiere - CERN BLIP High-Z & Si capsule and BLIP run 2 22.09.2017 3 NBI2017 + 4th RaDIATE Meeting, Tokai-Mura, Ibaraki, Japan, Sept. 18th – 22nd 2017
Radiation Damage Effects: from Micro to Macro Properties Chemical properties: Local changes in the chemical composition Ta, RT Ta, 250 °C Phase transformations Physical properties: Decrease of electrical conductivity Decrease of thermal conductivity Mechanical properties: Hardening (H) Loss of ductility (LD) Loss of fracture toughness T. S. Byun and S. A. Maloy, "Dose dependence of mechanical properties in Loss of creep strength tantalum and tantalum alloys after low temperature irradiation," Journal of Nuclear Materials, vol. 377, pp. 72-79, 2008. Transmutation products: H, He gas production can cause void formation and embrittlement Dimensions: Swelling, irradiation creep, irradiation growth P. Hurh, FNAL, 21.09.2017 E. Fornasiere - CERN BLIP High-Z & Si capsule and BLIP run 2 22.09.2017 4 NBI2017 + 4th RaDIATE Meeting, Tokai-Mura, Ibaraki, Japan, Sept. 18th – 22nd 2017
Targetry challenges: The AD-Target example R. Bellone, G. del Torre, M. Ross and P. AD-target system Sievers, "The Design and Prototype Production of antiprotons by collision of a Stress wave in W rod after irradiation test Test of the CERN Antiproton Production Target," in High-intensity 26 GeV/c momentum proton beam Targeting Workshop, Batavia, 1980. coming from PS with a high-Z target Stress waves Proton beam from PS: 26 GeV/c 0.5x1 mm 2 HRMT27 Ir target after full intensity Impact 1.5*10 13 ppp 430 ns pulse length Radiation damage Max T in the core • with Ir ~ 2100 °C • Max Energy density density 7500 J/cm3 • Total energy deposited in the core: ~1.34 kJ A decrease of production is observable AD-Target energy deposition p (Courtesy D. Horvath) E. Fornasiere - CERN BLIP High-Z & Si capsule and BLIP run 2 22.09.2017 5 NBI2017 + 4th RaDIATE Meeting, Tokai-Mura, Ibaraki, Japan, Sept. 18th – 22nd 2017
Different Effects: Systematic Approach Based on 3 Different Axes 1 2 3 E. Fornasiere - CERN BLIP High-Z & Si capsule and BLIP run 2 22.09.2017 6 NBI2017 + 4th RaDIATE Meeting, Tokai-Mura, Ibaraki, Japan, Sept. 18th – 22nd 2017
Recent studies: HRMT-27 The HRMT-27 From AD-Target to HRMT-27 experiment in the “Scaling” in order to recreate HiRadMat facility (experiment equivalent deposition of energy / successfully temperatures /stresses wave carried out in November 2015) Tantalum showed excellent results… SPS: 440 GeV/c E. Fornasiere - CERN BLIP High-Z & Si capsule and BLIP run 2 22.09.2017 7 NBI2017 + 4th RaDIATE Meeting, Tokai-Mura, Ibaraki, Japan, Sept. 18th – 22nd 2017
Results of the HRMT27 experiment Extensive measurements of All the materials except tantalum fractured from the predicted waves were conditions 5-7 times less demanding than the ones recorded. taking place in the AD-Target Ir W Apparently Tantalum Simulations & survived AD-Target Experiment show very conditions Baseline good agreement. core material for the Failure models have been benchmarked. future design. M. Calviani, EN-STI-TCD material R&D, 13.09.2017, CERN E. Fornasiere - CERN BLIP High-Z & Si capsule and BLIP run 2 22.09.2017 8 NBI2017 + 4th RaDIATE Meeting, Tokai-Mura, Ibaraki, Japan, Sept. 18th – 22nd 2017
HRMT-27 PIE Activities: UT + Metallographic Characterization UT scan for the amplitude of UT Tungsten UT Tantalum back wall echo of the W-La2 No back wall Back wall echo echo target (Upside) Cracks! No cracks! SEM observations Microindentation Nanoindentation Micromechanical Ta X100 Tests? Optical + SEM E. Fornasiere - CERN BLIP High-Z & Si capsule and BLIP run 2 22.09.2017 9 NBI2017 + 4th RaDIATE Meeting, Tokai-Mura, Ibaraki, Japan, Sept. 18th – 22nd 2017
2017 BLIP Run Objective & Mean Complement long-term radiation damage effects on Materials: materials used for targets (AD-target, BDF), Ir, TZM, CuCrZr, Si dump/absorbers applications and graphite Study of evolution of deformation and fracture for Also: Graphite, Be, Ti alloys, Al, SiC-coated C irradiated materials at different temperatures for future targets and dump application PIE (2018): Assess bulk mechanical properties of irradiated materials Mechanical testing 4-points bending test 800°C + Micro observations Microstructural characterization Thermal evaluation CERN Objectives Participants: Re-design of new irradiation capsule in order to BNL, PNNL, FRIB, ESS, accommodate samples, optimize e-beam welding and CERN, JPARC, STFC, Oxford, vacuum inside the capsule LANL Experiment preparation (fabrication, assembly, etc.) E. Fornasiere - CERN BLIP High-Z & Si capsule and BLIP run 2 22.09.2017 10 NBI2017 + 4th RaDIATE Meeting, Tokai-Mura, Ibaraki, Japan, Sept. 18th – 22nd 2017
Capsule + Cover -- ˃ “Male Female” concept Capsules preparation and design Improvement -- ˃ 1 weld -- ˃ less deformation, prevent leak, etc. Silicon Capsule (CERN, KEK) CERN SPS internal dump (Si) KEK muon production target Pins to lock material (SiC-coated graphite) samples Vacuum atmosphere position T peak ~ 240 °C Expanded Si bend SiC-coated graphite specimens graphite discs “Lips” + fine gaps to accommodate High-Z Capsule (CERN) SPS internal dump (CuCrZr), AD deformation & BDF targets (Ir, TZM) Vacuum atmosphere, T peak ~ 860 °C Window E-beam integrated 2 weeks of irradiation welding of with frame frames Flexible graphite TZM, Ir and CuCrZr bend specimens E. Fornasiere - CERN BLIP High-Z & Si capsule and BLIP run 2 22.09.2017 11 NBI2017 + 4th RaDIATE Meeting, Tokai-Mura, Ibaraki, Japan, Sept. 18th – 22nd 2017
BLIP FLUKA DPA and Gas Production High-Z Capsule (POT 1.03E+21) Thickness He Material Peak DPA H appm/DPA (mm) appm/DPA TZM 0.5 0.15 987 227 CuCrZr 0.5 0.19 659 195 Ir 0.5 0.35 391 85 Graphite 0.85 0.1 0.04 1576 1206 CAP SS316 0.3 0.20 610 149 Capsule Si (POT 1.76E+21) Thickness He Material Peak DPA H appm/DPA (mm) appm/DPA Si 2.0 0.18 375 181 SiC 0.2 0.10 713 467 Graphite 1.82 0.8 0.03 2229 2481 Exp. Graph. 1 2.0 0.04 2430 2861 CAP SS316 0.3 0.32 655 194 Energy threshold for DPA • • 25 eV for Si 40 eV for Ir • • 24 eV for SiC 40 eV for CuCrZr • • 30 eV for Graph 182 60 eV for TZM J P. Espadanal , V. Vlachoudis, • • 20 eV for Graph 100 15 eV for Graph 085 CERN, 21.09.2017 • 40 eV Stainless Steel E. Fornasiere - CERN BLIP High-Z & Si capsule and BLIP run 2 22.09.2017 12 NBI2017 + 4th RaDIATE Meeting, Tokai-Mura, Ibaraki, Japan, Sept. 18th – 22nd 2017
Thermal Analysis – High-Z Capsule SS Ir CuCrZr TZM 737 ° C 1143 ° C 1010 ° C 101 ° C High-Z Capsule Temperature 1400 TZM w/o PGS Iridium 1200 • Tcc_ss_Cu = 450 W/m2K 1000 • Tcc_Cu_TZM = 330 W/m2K CuCrZr 800 T (°C) • Tcc_TZM_Ir = 370 W/m2K 600 • Tcc_Ir_ss = 450 W/m2K 400 SS SS 200 0 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 x (mm) C. Torregrosa, CERN E. Fornasiere - CERN BLIP High-Z & Si capsule and BLIP run 2 22.09.2017 13 NBI2017 + 4th RaDIATE Meeting, Tokai-Mura, Ibaraki, Japan, Sept. 18th – 22nd 2017
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