Anno unc e me nts FIT100 FIT100 FIT100 Due da te fo r Pro je c - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Anno unc e me nts FIT100 FIT100 FIT100 • Due da te fo r Pro je c t 2B wa s no o n to da y • I f yo u ha ve n't a lre a dy use d it, yo u ma y use the 1-1-1 rule : ma y use the 1 1 1 rule : ∗ One pro je c t pa rt •One da y la te •One da y la te –Onc e during the q ua rte r

Anno unc e me nts FIT100 FIT100 FIT100 • Quiz is c a nc e le d this we e k • E E xtra -Cre dit usa b ility study xtra Cre dit usa b ility study ∗ Ja y will b e c o nta c ting yo u ne xt we e k

Anno unc e me nts FIT100 FIT100 FIT100 Awar ded by Catalyst Awar ded by T As T otal Possible E xtr a T otal E xtr a with XC Assignment R egular Cr edit Quiz R egular Cr edit L a b s 5/ 6 36 4 36 40 L a b s 7/ 8 24 24 24 L a b s 7/ 8 pa rt 2 6 10 10 6 26 Pro je c t 2A Pro je c t 2A 30 30 20 20 30 30 50 50 Pro je c t 2B 50 5 50 5 55 110 L a b 9 12 8 6 12 26

Anno unc e me nts FIT100 FIT100 FIT100 • Gra ding q ue stio ns ∗ T T a lk to yo ur T a lk to yo ur T A first A first ∗ T a lk to me se c o nd

Co mpute r Ba sic s Co mpute r Ba sic s Co ntinue d FIT100 FIT100 FIT100

xe c ute Cyc le 9-6 e tc h/ E F FIT100 FIT100 FIT100

FIT100 FIT100 FIT100 9-7

So ftwa re FIT100 FIT100 FIT100 • A c o mpute r's vie w o f so ftwa re ∗ Se e s binary o bje c t file , a lo ng se q ue nc e o f 4 b t 4-b yte wo rds (0's a nd 1's) d (0' d 1' ) • Asse mbly language ∗ Alte rna tive fo rm o f ma c hine la ng ua g e using Alt ti f f hi l i le tte rs a nd no rma l numb e rs so pe o ple c a n unde rsta nd it ∗ Co mpute r sc a ns a sse mb le c o de , a s it e nc o unte rs wo rds it lo o ks the m up in a ta b le to c o nve rt to b ina ry, c o nve rts numb e rs to to c o nve rt to b ina ry, c o nve rts numb e rs to b ina ry, the n a sse mb le s the b ina ry pie c e s into a n instruc tio n 9-8

FIT100 FIT100 FIT100 9-9

Ope ra ting Syste ms FIT100 FIT100 FIT100 • Ba sic o pe ra tio ns tha t a re ne c e ssa ry fo r the e ffe c tive use o f c o mpute r, b ut a re no t b uilt into the ha rdwa re no t b uilt into the ha rdwa re • T hre e mo st wide ly use d Ope ra ting Syste ms: Syste ms: ∗ Mic ro so ft Windo ws ∗ Apple 's Ma c OS X Apple s Ma c OS X ∗ Unix / L inux • OS pe rfo rms b o o ting , me mo ry OS pe rfo rms b o o ting , me mo ry ma na g e me nt, de vic e ma na g e me nt, 9-10 I nte rne t c o nne c tio n, file ma na g e me nt

Pro g ra mming FIT100 FIT100 FIT100 • Pro g ra mme rs b uild o n pre vio usly de ve lo pe d so ftwa re to ma ke the ir p jo b s e a sie r • E E xa mple : GUI xa mple : GUI So ftwa re So ftwa re ∗ F ra me a ro und windo w, slide r b a rs, b utto ns, po inte rs, e tc a re pa c ka g e d b utto ns, po inte rs, e tc . a re pa c ka g e d fo r pro g ra mme rs a nd g ive n with OS 9-11

I nte g ra te d Circ uits FIT100 FIT100 FIT100 • Minia turiza tio n: ∗ Clo c k spe e ds a re so hig h b e c a use Clo c k spe e ds a re so hig h b e c a use pro c e sso r c hips a re so tiny • E le c tric a l sig na ls c a n tra ve l a b o ut 1 fo o t in a na no se c o nd 9-12

I nte g ra te d Circ uits FIT100 FIT100 FIT100 • Pho to litho g ra phy ∗ Printing pro c e ss ∗ Printing pro c e ss • I nste a d o f ha nd-wiring c irc uits to g e the r, pho to g ra ph wha t is wa nte d a nd e tc h pho to g ra ph wha t is wa nte d a nd e tc h a wa y the spa c e s ∗ Re g a rdle ss o f ho w c o mplic a te d the g p wiring , c o st a nd a mo unt o f wo rk a re the sa me 9-13

FIT100 FIT100 FIT100 9-14

FIT100 FIT100 FIT100 9-15

Ho w Se mi-Co nduc to r Ho w Se mi Co nduc to r T e c hno lo g y Wo rks FIT100 FIT100 FIT100 • I nte g ra tio n: ∗ Ac tive c o mpo ne nts a nd the wire s tha t c o nne c t the m a re a ll ma de to g e the r o f simila r t th ll d t th f i il ma te ria ls in a sing le pro c e ss ∗ Sa ve s spa c e a nd pro duc e s mo no lithic pa rt fo r Sa ve s spa c e a nd pro duc e s mo no lithic pa rt fo r the who le syste m, whic h is mo re re lia b le • Silic o n is a se mi-c o nduc to r—so me time s it c o nduc ts e le c tric ity, so me time s no t ∗ Ab ility to c o ntro l whe n se mi-c o nduc to r c o nduc ts is the ma in to o l in c o mpute r d t i th i t l i t c o nstruc tio n 9-16

T T he On-Ag a in Off-Ag a in he On Ag a in, Off Ag a in Be ha vio r o f Silic o n FIT100 FIT100 FIT100 • A c irc uit is se t to c o mpute x a nd y fo r a ny lo g ic a l va lue s x a nd y • I f x is true , the x c irc uit c o nduc ts e le c tric ity a nd a sig na l pa sse s to the o the r e nd o f g p the wire ; if x is fa lse , no sig na l pa sse s Logic gates • Sa me pro c e ss fo r y Sa me pro c e ss fo r y • I f b o th c irc uits c o nduc t, x a nd y a re true — lo g ic a l AND ha s b e e n c o mpute d lo g ic a l AND ha s b e e n c o mpute d 9-17

FIT100 FIT100 FIT100 9-18

Co mb ining the se I de a s FIT100 FIT100 FIT100 1.Sta rt with info rma tio n pro c e ssing ta sk 2.T 2.T a sk is pe rfo rme d b y a pplic a tio n, a sk is pe rfo rme d b y a pplic a tio n, imple me nte d a s pa rt o f a la rg e pro g ra m in a hig h-le ve l la ng ua g e like C o r Ja va 3.Pro g ra m pe rfo rms spe c ific o pe ra tio ns; sta nda rd o pe ra tio ns like print o r sa ve a re d do ne b y OS b OS 9-19

Co mb ining the se I Co mb ining the se I de a s de a s (c o nt'd) FIT100 FIT100 FIT100 4.Pro g ra m's c o mma nds a re c o mpile d into a sse mb ly la ng ua g e instruc tio ns 5.Asse mb ly instruc tio ns a re tra nsla te d into b ina ry c o de 6.Bina ry instruc tio ns a re sto re d o n ha rd disk (se c o nda ry me mo ry) 7.Applic a tio n instruc tio ns mo ve into RAM (prima ry me mo ry ) 9-20

Co mb ining the se I Co mb ining the se I de a s de a s (c o nt'd) FIT100 FIT100 FIT100 8. F e tc h/ E xe c ute Cyc le e xe c ute s the instruc tio ns 9. All the c o mpute r's instruc tio ns a re pe rfo rme d b y the AL U c irc uits, using the tra nsisto r mo de l pre vio usly de sc rib e d tra nsisto r mo de l pre vio usly de sc rib e d, unde r the c o ntro l o f the Co ntro l Unit 9-21

Quic k Write FIT100 FIT100 FIT100 • Cle a r yo ur de sks e xc e pt fo r a pe n • Put a wa y Put a wa y ∗ Bo o ks, no te b o o ks, b a c kpa c ks, e tc . ∗ Pho ne s la pto ps pda 's e tc ∗ Pho ne s, la pto ps, pda s, e tc . • No ta lking —e xc e pt to the T A o r instruc to r if yo u do n't unde rsta nd the instruc to r if yo u do n't unde rsta nd the q ue stio n • Yo u will ha ve five minute s

FIT100 FIT100 FIT100 Da ta Da ta S to rage , T ransfe r, and Re trie val and Ke e ping Yo ur Private p g I nfo rmatio n Private

Unit I I I : Da ta FIT100 FIT100 FIT100 • Sto ra g e ∗ F F o rma t—physic a l a nd lo g ic a l o rma t physic a l a nd lo g ic a l • Re trie va l ∗ Ge tting just the info rma tio n yo u ne e d ∗ Ge tting just the info rma tio n yo u ne e d • T ra nsfe r ∗ Be twe e n pe o ple , de pa rtme nts, B t l d t t o rg a niza tio ns ∗ Me dia —spre a dshe e ts, da ta b a se s, XML M di d h t d t b XML

T e st Yo ur T e c h FIT100 FIT100 FIT100 A spre a d she e t: A. Only ha ppe ns o n la undry da y. A. Only ha ppe ns o n la undry da y. B. I s c o ve re d with fo o d during ho lida y me a ls. C. He lps a nswe r "wha t-if" q ue stio ns. 25

T e st Yo ur T e c h FIT100 FIT100 FIT100 A spre a d she e t: A. Only ha ppe ns o n la undry da y. A. Only ha ppe ns o n la undry da y. B. I s c o ve re d with fo o d during ho lida y me a ls. C. He lps a nswe r "wha t-if" q ue stio ns. 26

FIT100 FIT100 FIT100 Spre a dshe e ts Spre a dshe e ts S pre adshe e ts are a po we rful abstrac tio n fo r o rganizing data g g and c o mputatio n

An Arra y o f Ce lls FIT100 FIT100 FIT100 A spre a dshe e t is a 2-dime nsio na l a rra y o f c e lls…it’ s 3D with multiple c e lls p • T he ide a is tha t the ro ws o r c o lumns re pre se nt a c o mmo n type o f da ta p yp • T he y will b e o pe ra te d o n simila rly, so tha t’ s e a sy to do • Adding mo re da ta o f the sa me type ddi d t f th t me a ns a dding mo re ro ws o r c o lumns • Ofte n spre a dshe e ts c o nta in numb e rs b ut Ofte n spre a dshe e ts c o nta in numb e rs, b ut te xt-o nly spre a dshe e ts a re use ful, to o

L o o king fo r Simila r I de a s FIT100 FIT100 FIT100 Spre a dshe e ts a re no t so unusua l • T he po sitio n (ro w/ c o lumn) na me s the da ta , a s p ( ) with me mo ry lo c a tio ns, va ria b le s, fo rms, e tc . • Ope ra ting o n a ll e le me nts o f a c o lumn (o r ro w) is a n ite ra tio n, tho ug h no t usua lly a WF ro w) is a n ite ra tio n tho ug h no t usua lly a WF I I • Se tting a c e ll to a fo rmula is a n (une va lua te d) assignme nt state me nt with c e lls a s va ria b le s g • T he fo rmula is a n e xpre ssio n • F unc tio ns a re b uilt-in e xpre ssio ns T hink o f spre a dshe e ts a s a ha ndie r inte rfa c e fo r c o mputing tha n Ja va Sc ript