Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 1 . Stop Norovirus: - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 1 . Stop Norovirus: - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Jan 31, 2024 108 likes •664 views

The Virtual Immunization Communication (VIC) Network is a project of the National Public Health Information Coalition (NPHIC) and the California Immunization Coalition, funded through a cooperative agreement with the Centers for Disease Control

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The Virtual Immunization Communication (VIC) Network is a project of the National Public Health Information Coalition (NPHIC) and the California Immunization Coalition, funded through a cooperative agreement with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

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Webinar Objectives

  • Provide overview of norovirus and the disease burden.
  • Learn how to prevent and control Norovirus.
  • Understand issues and challenges related to norovirus

vaccine development.

  • Highlight surveillance systems that track norovirus
  • utbreaks.
  • Highlight CDC norovirus communication materials

available for various audiences

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Stop Norovirus: Protect Yourself and Others

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A nationwide ‘virtual’ immunization community of health educators, public health communicators and

  • thers who promote immunizations.

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Access the Q&A Panel From Split Screen

Welcome to the Webcast! We Will Be Starting Momentarily.

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Questions for Presenters?

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Frequently Asked Questions

  • 1. Will I be able to get a copy of the slides after the webinar?
  • 2. Will I receive a copy of the webinar recording?

Yes – a copy will be posted on the VICNetwork.org site Yes - a copy will be posted on the VICNetwork.org site

 

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Jessica Allen, MSW, MPH

Health Communications Specialist, Northrup Grumman

TITLE of PRESENATION

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Daniel C. Payne, PhD, MSPH

Principal Investigator and Project Officer, Centers For Disease Control and Prevention

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Stop Norovirus: Protect Yourself and Others

Daniel Payne PhD, MSPH Jessica Allen MPH, MSW

Virtual Immunization Communication Network Wednesday March 23, 2016

Department of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

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Poll Question

  • What acute gastroenteritis pathogen causes the most cases
  • f diarrheal disease each year?

a. Rotavirus b. Norovirus c. E.coli d. Salmonella e. Shigella f. Clostridium difficile

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NOROVIRUSES: PERFECT HUMAN PATHOGEN?

Highly contagious Rapidly and prolifically shed Diverse and constantly evolving Evoke limited immunity Moderately virulent

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  • How Norovirus Spreads
  • Water & Foodborne
  • eating food or drinking liquids

that are contaminated with norovirus

  • Environmental
  • touching surfaces or objects

contaminated with norovirus then putting your fingers in your mouth

  • Person-to-Person
  • having contact with someone

who is infected with norovirus

Highly Contagious

http://www.cdc.gov/norovirus/multimedia.html

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Moderately virulent

  • Common norovirus symptoms

include:

  • diarrhea
  • vomiting
  • nausea
  • stomach pain
  • Symptoms usually develop 12 to 48 hours after exposure
  • Most people get better within 1 to 3 days
  • Young children and the elderly are more likely to have

severe illness

  • There’s no specific treatment for norovirus other than

making sure people stay hydrated

http://www.cdc.gov/norovirus/index.html

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  • Shed mainly in stool, but also in

vomit

  • Shedding occurs for at least 2-3

weeks

  • Peaks 4 days after exposure

– Can persist after resolution of symptoms

  • Infectious dose: 18-2,800 viral

particles

  • Infectivity of prolonged viral

shedding and role in transmission is unknown

Rapidly and prolifically shed

http://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/norovirus/infographic.html#graphic

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Classification of Noroviruses

Diverse and constantly evolving

GII.4

  • cause >75% of

disease

  • Causes more

severe disease

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Produces Time-Limited Immunity

  • Human studies have found immunity to norovirus

may last 6–24 months

  • Mathematical modeling based on observed disease

suggests immunity may last for as long as 4–8 years

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570–800 Deaths, mostly in young children and the elderly 56,000–71,000 Hospitalizations 400,000 Emergency Department Visits 1.7–1.9 million Outpatient Visits 19–21 million Total Illnesses

Annual Burden of Norovirus Disease in the U.S.

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Poll Question

  • What types of norovirus communication materials would be

most helpful for the work you do?

a. Prevention and control fact sheet for patients/public b. Prevention and control posters for placement in offices and public heath buildings c. Multimedia prevention materials such as infographics and videos d. Other

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REPORTING AND SURVEILLANCE

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U.S. Norovirus Outbreak Surveillance

  • NORS

– Epidemiologic surveillance for all enteric disease outbreaks – Data on setting, transmission mode, exposures, demographics, outcomes

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U.S. Norovirus Outbreak Surveillance

  • CaliciNet

– Laboratory surveillance using molecular genotyping of outbreak- associated specimens – Data on genotypes to identify new strains and potentially link

  • utbreaks

http://www.cdc.gov/norovirus/reporting/calicinet/index.html

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NoroSTAT: Norovirus Sentinel Testing and Tracking

  • Near-real time reporting of

norovirus outbreaks by network of sentinel states

– Implemented August 2012 in 5 states – Expanded to 7 in 2015 and 9 planned for 2016 – Improved timeliness, completeness, and linking

  • f outbreak reports in

NORS and CaliciNet

http://www.cdc.gov/norovirus/reporting/norostat/flowchart.html

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Active, Prospective Pediatric Surveillance

  • NVSN: New Vaccine

Surveillance Network

– Enrolls children visiting a participating hospital or emergency department with diarrhea and /or vomiting. – Obtains epidemiologic data, clinical data, specimens and vaccination histories – Assesses disease burden among US children

http://www.cdc.gov/surveillance/nvsn/index.html

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NOROVIRUS TRENDS AND OUTBREAKS

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http://www.cdc.gov/norovirus/trends-outbreaks.html

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Transmission Mode of Norovirus Outbreaks, NORS, 2009-2012 (N=4,318)

Person-to- person 69% Foodborne 23% Environmental 0.3% Waterborne 0.3% Unknown 7%

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Setting of Norovirus Outbreaks, NORS, 2009-2012 (N=3,243)

Long-Term Care Facilities 59% Restaurants 17% Schools 5% Caterer/Banquet Facility 5% Hospitals 3% Private Residence 2% Daycares 2% Other/Multiple 7%

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http://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/norovirus/infographic.html#infographic

Norovirus Outbreak Settings

  • Norovirus is the

leading cause of illness and

  • utbreaks from

contaminated food in the United States

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Pediatric burden of norovirus

  • NVSN surveillance found that norovirus is now the most

common and costly cause of severe gastroenteritis in U.S. kids seeking medical care

  • Norovirus is responsible for ~1 million pediatric

medical care visits in the U.S. each year

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PREVENTION AND CONTROL

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How to Prevent Norovirus Infection

1.

Wash your hands carefully with soap and water

2.

Wash fruits and vegetables and cook seafood thoroughly

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When you are sick, do not prepare food or care for others who are sick

4.

Clean and disinfect contaminated surfaces

5.

Wash laundry thoroughly

http://www.cdc.gov/norovirus/multimedia.html

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Preventing Norovirus in Long Term Care Facilities

http://www.cdc.gov/norovirus/images/stop-norovirus-lg.jpg

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Preventing Norovirus in Food Settings

http://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/norovirus/infographic.html#infographic

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Preventing and Controlling Norovirus

http://www.disinfect-for-health.org/resources

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NOROVIRUS VACCINE

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GI.1 intranasal GI.1/GII.4 intramuscular

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Norovirus Vaccine Development

  • Two randomized trials involving healthy adults ages 18-50.

1. Intranasally delivered Norwalk virus (genotype GI.1) VLP vaccine followed by homologous challenge

– Vaccine protected against illness (~50%) and decreased infection frequency (~25%) – First demonstration that a norovirus vaccine can prevent disease

2. Intramuscular bivalent (GI.1 and consensus GII.4) VLP vaccine followed by GII.4 challenge

– Did not significantly reduce illness or infection, but did reduce disease severity and decreased viral shedding – Hampered by low disease rate from challenge and high baseline infection rate in control group

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Challenges for a norovirus vaccine

– Role of prior infection history? – Duration of protection? – Protection against multiple genotypes? – Need to be updated to keep up with viral evolution? – Need for different vaccine formulation for certain groups? – Variation in human genetic susceptibility?

http://www.cdc.gov/norovirus/downloads/global-burden-report.pdf

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Poll Question

  • If a norovirus vaccine was licensed and shown to be effective

in preventing norovirus infection, would you get it yourself

  • r have your child get it?

a. Get it myself b. Have my child get it c. Get it myself and have my child get it d. No

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ADDITIONAL NOROVIRUS COMMUNICATION MATERIALS

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A good place to start for materials:

http://www.cdc.gov/norovirus/about/index.html

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Communications: For Health Care Providers

http://www.medscape.com /viewarticle/778880

http://www.cdc.gov/hai/pdfs/norovirus/229110-ANoroCaseFactSheet508.pdf

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Communications: For Food Workers

http://www.cdc.gov/norovirus/downloads/foodhandlers.pdf

http://www.cdc.gov/norovirus/multimedia.html

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Communication: For Everyone

http://www.cdc.gov/norovirus/downloads/keyfacts.pdf

http://www.cdc.gov/norovirus/multimedia.html

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Special Thanks

Aron Hall Ben Lopman Mary Wikswo Jeanette St. Pierre

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For more information please contact Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 1600 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 Telephone: 1-800-CDC-INFO (232-4636)/TTY: 1-888-232-6348 Visit: www.cdc.gov | Contact CDC at: 1-800-CDC-INFO or www.cdc.gov/info

The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Department of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

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Questions and Answers

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NIIW 2016 is April 16-23, 2016

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National Public Health Information Coalition

August 2016 • Communication Toolkit

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GOAL Promote the importance of immunizations across the lifespan OBJECTIVES Highlight value of immunization for people

  • f all ages

Promote vaccination through traditional media, social media, and partner outreach Utilize social media networks to circulate information and resources to target audiences Highlight the campaign and encourage dissemination of materials

Overview

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Toolkit

TOOLKIT 4th year for NIAM www.nphic.org/niam CONTENTS Weekly themes Sample key messages Vaccine information FAQs Sample news releases, articles Sample Facebook, Twitter messages Web links and resources GRAPHICS Web banners Facebook cover photos Facebook timeline graphics Posters

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Connect with the VICNetwork…

e-mail: info@VICnetwork.org Website www.VICNetwork.org

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Resources

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

www.cdc.gov/vaccines

National Public Health Information Coalition

www.nphic.org

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Twitter @VICNetwork Facebook VICNetwork

Tweet and Follow

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National Public Health Information Coalition www.nphic.org California Immunization Coalition www.immunizeca.org

Thank you for your support and your participation !

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