c e s Pr ac tic e s, and Re sour Ma rya m Sa la hshoor E DUC 882 - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Pe r sian as a He r itage L anguage : Attitude s, c e s Pr ac tic e s, and Re sour Ma rya m Sa la hshoor E DUC 882 :Se minar in Bilingualism and SL A all, 2011 T he or y and Re se ar c h, F

opic s Pr e se ntation T • Go a ls a nd Ob je c tive s • He rita g e la ng ua g e a nd he rita g e la ng ua g e spe a ke r de finitio n

The Main Purpose Obje c tive : T o re vie w re se a rc h, re so urc e s, a ttitude s, a nd pra c tic e s fo r la ng ua g e te a c hing a nd le a rning o f he rita g e le a rne rs o f Pe rsia n in the U.S. Goa l: T o he lp c re a te e nlig hte ne d pro g ra ms fo r stude nts who b ring kno wle dg e o f Pe rsia n la ng ua g e a s the ir ho me la ng ua g e into the c la ssro o m.

De finition itage language : T he fa mily • He r la ng ua g e use d a nd he a rd in re stric te d e nviro nme nts; (Ro thma n, 2007) : A pe rso n • He r itage Spe ake r who g re w up he a ring (a nd po ssib ly spe a king ) a la ng ua g e , who c a n unde rsta nd a nd pe rha ps spe a k it to so me de g re e , b ut who no w fe e ls mo re a t ho me in a no the r, mo re do mina nt la ng ua g e (Va lde s 2011)

L anguage lost • Biling ua ls o f 4 th Ge ne ra tio n (Va lde s 2000) • Aa -He rita g e L a ng ua g e • Bb -E ng lish A Ab 1 st Ge ne r ation HL Monolingual Inc ipie nt Bilinguals 2 nd / 3 r d Ab Ba Ge ne r ation HL Dominant E nglish Dominant Ba Ba 4 th Ge ne r ation E nglish Dominant E nglish Monolingual

So What? Conse que nc e s for he ritage le arne rs • lo ss o f a nc e stra l la ng ua g e • we a ke r c o nne c tio ns with the ir c o mmunity a nd c ulture a nd e ve n the ir imme dia te fa mily • lo ss o f se lf-e ste e m Conse que nc e s for Soc ie ty and gove rnme nt • lo ss o f the se he rita g e la ng ua g e le a rne rs • la c k o f po te ntia l so urc e s o f la ng ua g e pro fe ssio na ls ne e de d fo r tra de , diplo ma c y, se c urity a nd de fe nc e (Christia n, 2008, p.257)

What is Missing? • Suppo rt fro m Co mmunity, F a mily, Go ve rnme nt • E mpiric a l re se a rc h o n Pe rsia n He rita g e Spe a ke rs a lmo st no ne xiste nt

Re vie w of Re se ar c h • Ca g ri, Ja c kso n, a nd doomian ,(2007) T e ste d Me ge r the ling uistic c o mpe te nc e o f Pe rsia n he rita g e spe a ke rs .  Co mpa re d Pe rsia n na tive spe a ke rs, he rita g e la ng ua g e spe a ke rs, a nd Pe rsia n a s a se c o nd la ng ua g e spe a ke rs. L e a d Artific ia l I nte llig e nc e E ng ine e r in the Huma n L a ng ua g e T e c hno lo g y g ro up a t MI T RE

c h Re vie w of Re se ar Re sults indic a te d tha t he rita g e spe a ke rs: • HT • Ha ve kno wle dg e o f pho ne tic a nd so und • pa tte rns tha t L 2 spe a ke rs mig ht ne ve r o b ta in. Are fa ste r tha n L 2 a lmo st c o mple te ly a c ro ss • the b o a rd. T he ir re spo nse time is ve ry c lo se to Na tive • Spe a ke rs in so me c a se s. Ha ve a dva nta g e s o ve r L 2 le a rne rs in • se le c tive g ra mma tic a l do ma ins. L 2 • L 2 ha ve a dva nta g e s o ve r HS in fe a ture s • e xplic itly ta ug ht in c la ssro o m a nd/ o r no t fre q ue nt in c o nve rsa tio na l disc o urse e .g ., Ara b ic ro o ts, sub c a te g o riza tio n.

c h Re vie w of Re se ar HAN M. CAGRI IL • F a c ulty Re se a rc h Asso c ia te , Sc ho o l o f • L a ng ua g e s, L ite ra ture s a nd Culture s, Unive rsity o f Ma ryla nd, Co lle g e Pa rk, MDAs le a d re se a rc he r fo r Pe rsia n in L ing uistic Co rre la te s o f Pro fic ie nc y Pro je c t, Public ation: • L anguage c hange and language • mainte nanc e in Pe r sian de ve lo pe d Pe rsia n L a ng ua g e Ba tte ry, a • c o mpre he nsive c o mpute r-de live re d te st c o mpo se d o f 50 ta sks ta rg e ting disc re e t ling uistic fe a ture s to a sse ss the ling uistic c o mpe te nc y o f le a rne rs o f Pe rsia n. Pro je c t inc lude d pilo t te sting a nd a na lyzing re sults

c h Re vie w of Re se ar • Disse rta tio n: • F a ra h Ra ma za nza de hUnive rsity o f Pho e nix, Asso c ia te F a c ulty. Ne w Je rse y “Unve iling the ve ile d a nd ve iling the unve ile d: re ve a ling the unde rlying ling uistic ide o lo g ie s a nd the ir impa c t o n Pe rsia n L a ng ua g e lo ss a nd ma inte na nc e a mo ng se c o nd-g e ne ra tio n I ra nia n-Ame ric a n”

Re vie w of Re se a rc h • 2010, using q ua lita tive me tho do lo g y, this study e xplo re d issue s a nd c ha lle ng e s o f de ve lo ping a nd ma inta ining Pe rsia n/ F a rsi a s a he rita g e la ng ua g e fo r se c o nd - g e ne ra tio n I ra nia n-Ame ric a ns. • I nte rvie we d 22 se c o nd -g e ne ra tio n I ra nia n-Ame ric a n c o lle g e stude nts re siding in Ne w Yo rk re g a rding la ng ua g e lo st, histo ric a l vie ws, la ng ua g e ide o lo g ie s, ide ntity.

• L a ng ua g e Ma inte na nc e a nd the Ro le o f the F a mily a mo ng st I mmig ra nt Gro ups in the Unite d Sta te s: Pe rsia n spe a king Ba ha ’ is

c h Re vie w of Re se ar • Dr. Ano usha Se dig i: T he first full-time Pe rsia n fa c ulty me mb e r a t PSU (Ca na da ) – He r itage Spe ake r s of sian , (2010). Pre se nte d Pe r a t the E ig ht Bie nnia l I ra nia n Studie s Co nfe re nc e , L o s Ang e le s .

Curre nt Ira nia n Communitie s • Anywhe re in the U.S. • Mo stly we ll-inte g ra te d into Ame ric a n so c ie ty • L ittle o r no la ng ua g e b a rrie rs • Hig hly va lue e duc a tio n • Hig hly e duc a te d: 2 nd hig he st e duc a te d g ro up • Ve ry a tta c he d to pre se rving la ng ua g e a nd c ulture • Clo se tie s within the c o mmunity • So me ma y re g ula rly visit I ra n

Cur r e nt Ir anian Stude nts • Mo stly b o rn in the U.S. • Clo se to Ame ric a n c ulture • Mo stly fa milia r with so me a spe c ts o f the I ra nia n c ulture , suc h a s fo o d, c e le b ra tio ns, e tc . • Ma ny ma y no t kno w so me de e pe r a spe c ts o f the I ra nia n c ulture , suc h a s histo ry, lite ra ture , e tc . • Ma y o r ma y no t ha ve b e e n to I ra n

Ira nia ns: He rita g e or Se c ond L a ng ua g e L e a rne rs? Ve ry mixe d le a rne rs: • So me c o mpre he nd a nd c a n c o mmunic a te o ra lly • So me ma y c o mpre he nd b ut c a nno t c o mmunic a te • So me ne ithe r c o mpre he nd no r c o mmunic a te o ra lly

c h My Re se ar • Ma rya m Sa la hsho o r, PhD stude nt, Ge o rg e Ma so n Unive rsity • I nte rvie we d 5 Pe rsia n spe a king mo the rs to o b ta in info rma tio n re g a rding the ir e xpe rie nc e s, a ttitude s, pra c tic e s, a nd c ha lle ng e s in te a c hing ve rb a l a nd writte n F a rsi to the ir c hildre n.

c h My Re se ar  de mo g ra phic info rma tio n  ho me -la ng ua g e use  pre vio us la ng ua g e le a rning e xpe rie nc e  mo tiva tio n a nd a ttitude s to wa rd la ng ua g e le a rning  life e xpe rie nc e s  a g e a nd the pla c e tha t the y ha ve sta rte d Pe rsia n la ng ua g e le a rning  ne e ds a nd c o nc e rns  Go a l  pro fic ie nc y le ve ls

c h My Re se ar • Par e nt's Role • Pe r sonal F e e lings • E xte nde d F amily • Visiting Ir • Soialization an • Home vs. Public • F ar si as a Se c ond L angugae • T Individua l F a mily Soc ie ty L a ng ua g e • Immigr ation • Or • Cultur al L anguge e • Re sour • L ite r c ay c e s • T • F hir d L angugae utur e Ne e d • F ar si Sc hool

c i Me r • PE RSIAN ST ART alk Summe r am at SDSU Pr ogr http:/ / www.yo utub e .c o m/ wa t c h? v=W9N-Bc I 4dUE

Re fe r e nc e s Ca g ri, I . Ja c kso n, S. & Me g e rdo o mia n (2007). Pa pe r pre se nte d in a me e ting . Unive rsity o f I llino is Urb a na - Cha mpa ig n. Christia n, D. (2008). Sc ho o l-b a se d pro g ra ms fo r He rita g e L a ng ua g e L e a rne rs: T wo -Wa y I mme rsio n. I n D.M. Brinto n, O. K a g a n & S. Ba uc ks (E ds). He ritag e L ang uag e E duc atio n: A Ne w F ie ld E me rg ing (pp. 257-269). Ne w Yo rk: Ro utle dg e . Ro thma n, J. (2007). He rita g e spe a ke r c o mpe te nc e diffe re nc e s, la ng ua g e c ha ng e a nd input type : I nfle c te d infinitive s in he rita g e Bra zilia n Po rtug ue se . I nte rnatio nal Jo urnal o f Biling ualism, 11 (4), 359-389. Va ldé s, G. (2001). He rita g e L a ng ua g e Stude nts: Pro file s a nd po ssib ilitie s. I n J.K . Pe yto n, D.A. Ra na rd & S. Mc Ginnis (E ds.), He ritag e lang uag e s in Ame ric a: Pre se rving a natio nal re so urc e . Wa shing to n, DC: Ce nte r fo r Applie d L ing uistic s/ De lta Syste ms. 37-77.