Brief Overview: Wastewater Treatment in the UK Present by Junbin - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Brief Overview: Wastewater Treatment in the UK

Present by Junbin Huang Contact: junbin_huang@outlook.com Intern to Vasavya Mehila Mandali & NVH Global Ltd 28th September, 2017

1

Little bio about myself

2

Life in the UK

3

University Life-University of Surrey (2013-2017)

4

Overview

▶ Introduction ▶ Driving force of public sanitation in the UK ▶ Wastewater treatment in the UK ▶ Sustainable development ▶ My prospective of wastewater treatment in India ▶ Discussion

5

Importance of Wastewater Treatment

Wastewater is a source of biomass, and it can play a key role in boosting the regional economy Improves living standard of local people Poor sanitation leads to poor public health, which brings series of economic as well as social issues Reduces environmental impact from human activities

6

Technologies in Wastewater Treatment

▶ So what are the technologies for wastewater

treatment?

Biological Physico-chemical

Categories

Anaerobic Aerobic

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Anaerobic

Characteristics:

▶ Relatively small reactor size ▶ Able to generate energy in the form of biogas ▶ Reduces organic content in wastewater ▶ Less energy required ▶ Less sludge produced, hence less maintaince and

pumping

Limitations:

▶ Oil and grease are not easily degraded ▶ Anaerobic process only partially degrades

• rganics, further treatment usually required

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Aerobic

Characteristics:

▶ Capable to handle high BOD influent loading (up

to 120 g/m^2/day

▶ Excellent effluent quality in terms of COD, BOD

and nutrient removal Limitations:

▶ Excess sludge is high ▶ Required larger area ▶ Emission of unpleasant odor during treatment

using lagoons

▶ No report shown complete removal of organics

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Physico-chemical

Limitations:

▶ Secondary pollutants produced in chemical

coagulation process

▶ Electo-coagulation process requires to be

regularly replaced

▶ Efficiency decrease over time for

electro-coagulation method Characteristics:

▶ Coagulation/flocculation, physical adsorption,

Electro-oxidation

▶ Combined system of coagulation with adsorption

has been report to give up to 96% organics removal rate

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Choosing the right of technology

▶ Improper selection will lead to high failure rate of

wastewater treatment structure.

▶ Framework available for choosing the right

treatment system

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Capacity factor analysis framework

1.

Service

2.

Institutional

3.

Human Resources

4.

Technical

5.

Economic/Financial

6.

Energy Availability

7.

Natural Resources

8.

Social/Culture

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Overview

▶ Introduction

▶ Driving force of public sanitation in the UK

▶ Wastewater Treatment in the UK ▶ Sustainable Development ▶ My prospective of Wastewater treatment in India ▶ Discussion

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London in the early 19th century

Before mid 19th century, London replied on sewage system which were built in the late 15th century. The so called ‘sewage system’ was made up of open ditches sloped to convey waste to the River Thames. People collected their drink water, washed their clothes at the same place where all human excrement were discharged.

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London in the early 19th century

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Cholera Outbreak (Early to mid-19th century)

Causes:

▶ Blooming city population due to industrialization

and urbanization

▶ Poor drainage systems ▶ lack of knowledge in medicine and awareness in

public sanitation

▶ Lack of law and legislation

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Turning point: Germ Theory

▶ John Snow had shown cholera spread through water in

1854 but didn’t explain why. However, it did lead to awareness in public hygiene and water sanitation.

▶ Discovery of Germ Theory explained how diseases spread

and shows how epidemic could stop through good hygiene

▶ Eventually this leads to the Second Public Health Act as

it was clear that poor housing, dirty water encourage

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Overview

▶ Introduction ▶ Driving force of public sanitation in the UK

▶ Wastewater treatment in the UK

▶ Sustainable development ▶ My prospective of Wastewater treatment in India ▶ Discussion

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How wastewater is treated in the UK?

Urban Rural

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Treatment Companies

11 major Water Companies in the UK Due to privatization in 1989, all water companies in the UK are private, but

• perate under strict regulation and

law. Domestic wastewater are sent to the water company via piping network (Urban area)

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Stages of wastewater treatment (Urban)

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Current Challenges

▶ Population continuous to increase, required to

increase the current treatment plant capacity

▶ Blockage in sewage pipelines caused by fatberg

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Wastewater Treatment in Rural Area

▶ Decentralized system ▶ Septic tanks with drainage system ▶ More advance systems such as BioDics and

aeration tank also used, but they required electricity input

▶ Phase out of one stage septic tank system by 2020

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Overview

▶ Introduction ▶ Driving force of public sanitation in the UK ▶ Wastewater Treatment in the UK

▶ Sustainable Development

▶ My prospective of Wastewater treatment in India ▶ Discussion

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Sustainable Development

In order to maintaince competitiveness, cooperation has paid lots of emphasis on their sustainable development:

▶ Economic performance ▶ Social ▶ Environmental

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Reducing Environmental Footprint and OPEX

Renewable energy from wastewater

▶ Biogas ▶ Heat and combined energy (HCP) ▶ Water Reuse to reduce water resource depletion

Reduces energy consumption through improving the process efficiency

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Social Aspect

▶ Provide easily assessable customer service ▶ Help most vulnerable customers and promotes ways

for household and business to reduces their water

• bills. E.g. smart meter scheme

▶ Donate composts to local farmers ▶ Continues to upgrade their sewage network to meet

the demand of growing population

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Overview

▶ Introduction ▶ Driving force of public sanitation in the UK ▶ Wastewater treatment in the UK ▶ Sustainable development

▶ My prospective of wastewater treatment in India

▶ Discussion

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My impression of Vijayawada and India

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My Impression of Vijayawada

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Current Wastewater Treatment in Vijayawada

▶

Decentralized systems for both rural and metro area

▶

Septic tank with open and closed drainage systems

▶

Open drains are poorly maintain

▶

Some of the manhole covers on the main street are missing

▶

Sometimes wastewater are being discharged without treatment

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Municipal Waste-Self Sustain System in Tenali

▶ Solid waste treatment: manual collection, sorting

and landfill.

▶ Waste Valorization through biogas and composting

Current capacity: 60 metric tones Expansion projects under construction Self-sustained treatment facilities

32

Current waste management in Vijayawada

Positive aspects:

▶ wastewater reuse for agriculture purposes ▶ Government provides funding for wastewater

treatment system in rural area

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Current waste management in Vijayawada

Negative aspects:

▶ People dump rubbish directly into the River ▶ Wastewater discharges into the river with no/little

• treatment. E.g. public toilet

▶ Foul smells and poor sanitation due to open

drainage and urination in public

▶ Poorly maintained public heath facilities

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The Big Gap

▶ Drainage system need improvement ▶ Wastewater treatment appears to be lacking, saving

can be made with centralized waste water system in metro area

▶ Lack of public awareness in sanitation ▶ Lack of innovation & imitative in wastewater

treatment Due to increasing population and rapid urbanization These problems need to be addressed.

35

Capacity factor analysis framework

1.

Service/capacity

2.

Institutional

3.

Human Resources

• 4. Technical

5.

Economic/Financial?

6.

Energy Availability

7.

Natural Resources

• 8. Social/Culture

36

Conclusion

▶

I have presented some of the key technologies in wastewater treatment

▶

Present how wastewater treatment is done in the urban and rural area of UK

▶

Illustrated the huge different in public heath awareness between UK and Vijayawada

▶

Many rooms for improvement in wastewater treatment in Vijayawada

37

Thank you for listening

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Discussion …any questions?

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