Become a L A T EX Guru - Math Mode Jason Gross 13 Week 2 - - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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L A T EX Modes Become a L A T EX Guru - Math Mode Jason Gross 13 Week 2 - Saturday, April 24, 2010 Jason Gross 13 Become a L A T EX Guru - Math Mode L A T EX Modes 1. Log in using the username sipb2 and the password

SLIDE 1

T EX Modes

Become a L

AT

EX Guru - Math Mode

Jason Gross ’13 Week 2 - Saturday, April 24, 2010

Jason Gross ’13 Become a L

T EX Guru - Math Mode

SLIDE 2

T EX Modes

1. Log in using the username sipb2 and the password

hsspMONSTER

2. Once you are logged on, type

sudo apt-get install kile okular in the terminal and press enter.

3. When prompted for a password, type the password you used

to log on (in this case, hsspMONSTER) and press enter. Do not worry if the password does not show up as you type it.

4. When it asks you if you want to continue, type y and press

enter.

5. When it is finished installing, type kile in the terminal, and

press enter.

6. Find the file that you saved last class (on the desktop), and
pen it.

Jason Gross ’13 Become a L

T EX Guru - Math Mode

SLIDE 3

T EX Modes Text Mode Math Mode Grouping Getting into math mode Long Equations

Text Mode

◮ Text mode is the standard L AT

EX mode.

◮ Lets you type things like “text”. ◮ If you try to type something like \alpha, ^ or other math

mode things, L

AT

EX complains and tells you ! Missing $ inserted. <inserted text> $

Jason Gross ’13 Become a L

T EX Guru - Math Mode

SLIDE 4

T EX Modes Text Mode Math Mode Grouping Getting into math mode Long Equations

Math Mode

◮ Math mode lets you typeset mathematics, like α2 + β2 = γ2. ◮ Most things you do in text mode can be done in math mode

without L

AT

EX complaining.

◮ A few things will only work in text mode. ◮ \’a gives ´

a in text mode, but $\’a$ gives LaTeX Warning: Command \’ invalid in math mode on input line line number.

◮ (Almost) all spaces in math mode are ignored.

◮ Exception: If you want αa, you have to type $\alpha a$ (or

$\alpha a$ (or $\alpha a$ (or . . . ))), not $\alphaa$.

◮ If you don’t like this, you can instead type something like

$\alpha{}a$ or ${\alpha}a$.

Jason Gross ’13 Become a L

T EX Guru - Math Mode

SLIDE 5

T EX Modes Text Mode Math Mode Grouping Getting into math mode Long Equations

Math Mode

◮ (Almost) all spaces in math mode are ignored.

◮ If you type $Hi, my name is Jason.$, you will get

Hi, mynameisJason.

◮ You can escape your spaces: $Hi,\ my\ name\ is\ Jason.$

gives Hi, my name is Jason.

◮ You can get from math mode to text mode with \text:

$\text{Hi, my name is Jason.}$ gives Hi, my name is Jason.

◮ If you just want an upright (roman) character, use \rm:

$\alpha \ne a = \rm a \ne \alpha$ gives α = a = a = α

Jason Gross ’13 Become a L

T EX Guru - Math Mode

SLIDE 6

T EX Modes Text Mode Math Mode Grouping Getting into math mode Long Equations

Grouping

Grouping - {} groups things.

◮ $a^10$ gives a10, $a^{10}$ gives a10. ◮ Empty arguments: \LaTeX Guru gives L AT

EXGuru, \LaTeX{} Guru and {\LaTeX} Guru give L

AT

EX Guru.

◮ $a = {\rm a} = a$ gives a = a = a.

Jason Gross ’13 Become a L

T EX Guru - Math Mode

SLIDE 7

T EX Modes Text Mode Math Mode Grouping Getting into math mode Long Equations

Entering Math Mode

◮ $\sum_i \frac{x^i}{i!}$ gives i xi i! . $ stuff $

works the same way. (stuff )

◮ $stuff$ is (almost) the same as

\begin{math}stuff\end{math}. This is the math environment.

◮ $$\sum_i \frac{x^i}{i!}$$ gives

xi i!

◮ $$stuff$$ is (almost) the same as

\begin{displaymath}stuff\end{displaymath}.

Jason Gross ’13 Become a L

T EX Guru - Math Mode

SLIDE 8

T EX Modes Text Mode Math Mode Grouping Getting into math mode Long Equations

Entering Math Mode

◮ The equation environment gives numbered equations:

xi i! (1)

◮ You can \tag your equations:

\begin{equation} E = mc^2 \tag{Einstein} \end{equation} gives E = mc2 (Einstein)

◮ The equation* environment is like $$ (unnumbered

equations, large spaces)

◮ \[stuff\] is (almost) the same as

\begin{equation}stuff\end{equation}

Jason Gross ’13 Become a L

T EX Guru - Math Mode

SLIDE 9

T EX Modes Text Mode Math Mode Grouping Getting into math mode Long Equations

multiline

\begin{multline} a + b + c + d + e + f + g + h + i \\ = j + k + l + m + n \end{multline} a+b+c +d +e +f +g +h+i = j + k + l + m + n (2)

Jason Gross ’13 Become a L

T EX Guru - Math Mode

SLIDE 10

T EX Modes Text Mode Math Mode Grouping Getting into math mode Long Equations

eqnarray

\begin{eqnarray} a & = & b + c \\ & = & d + e + f + g + h + i \nonumber \\ && {} + m + n + o \\ & = & p + q + r + s \end{eqnarray} a = b + c (3) = d + e + f + g + h + i + m + n + o (4) = p + q + r + s (5) \begin{eqnarray} a & = & a = a \end{eqnarray} a = a = a (6)

Bad!1

1See www.tug.org/pracjourn/2006-4/madsen/madsen.pdf on more

reasons why eqnarray is bad.

Jason Gross ’13 Become a L

T EX Guru - Math Mode

SLIDE 11

T EX Modes Text Mode Math Mode Grouping Getting into math mode Long Equations

align

\begin{align} a & = b + c \\ & = d + e \end{align} a = b + c (7) = d + e (8)

Jason Gross ’13 Become a L

T EX Guru - Math Mode

SLIDE 12

T EX Modes Text Mode Math Mode Grouping Getting into math mode Long Equations

align

\begin{align} a & = b + c \\ & = d + e + f + g + h + i + j + k + l \nonumber \\ & + m + n + o \\ & = p + q + r + s \end{align} a = b + c (9) = d + e + f + g + h + i + j + k + l + m + n + o (10) = p + q + r + s (11)

Jason Gross ’13 Become a L

T EX Guru - Math Mode

SLIDE 13

T EX Modes Text Mode Math Mode Grouping Getting into math mode Long Equations

align

\begin{align} a = {} & b + c \\ = {} & d + e + f + g + h + i + j + k + l \nonumber \\ & + m + n + o \\ = {} & p + q + r + s \end{align} a = b + c (12) = d + e + f + g + h + i + j + k + l + m + n + o (13) = p + q + r + s (14)

Jason Gross ’13 Become a L

T EX Guru - Math Mode

Become a L

AT

EX Guru - Math Mode

Jason Gross ’13 Week 2 - Saturday, April 24, 2010

hsspMONSTER

sudo apt-get install kile okular in the terminal and press enter.

to log on (in this case, hsspMONSTER) and press enter. Do not worry if the password does not show up as you type it.

enter.

press enter.

Text Mode

◮ Text mode is the standard L AT

EX mode.

◮ Lets you type things like “text”. ◮ If you try to type something like \alpha, ^ or other math

mode things, L

AT

EX complains and tells you ! Missing $ inserted. <inserted text> $

Math Mode

◮ Math mode lets you typeset mathematics, like α2 + β2 = γ2. ◮ Most things you do in text mode can be done in math mode

without L

AT

EX complaining.

a in text mode, but $\’a$ gives LaTeX Warning: Command \’ invalid in math mode on input line line number.

◮ (Almost) all spaces in math mode are ignored.

$\alpha a$ (or $\alpha a$ (or . . . ))), not $\alphaa$.

$\alpha{}a$ or ${\alpha}a$.

Math Mode

◮ (Almost) all spaces in math mode are ignored.

Hi, mynameisJason.

gives Hi, my name is Jason.

◮ You can get from math mode to text mode with \text:

$\text{Hi, my name is Jason.}$ gives Hi, my name is Jason.

◮ If you just want an upright (roman) character, use \rm:

$\alpha \ne a = \rm a \ne \alpha$ gives α = a = a = α

Grouping

Grouping - {} groups things.

◮ $a^10$ gives a10, $a^{10}$ gives a10. ◮ Empty arguments: \LaTeX Guru gives L AT

EXGuru, \LaTeX{} Guru and {\LaTeX} Guru give L

AT

EX Guru.

◮ $a = {\rm a} = a$ gives a = a = a.

Entering Math Mode

◮ $\sum_i \frac{x^i}{i!}$ gives i xi i! . \( stuff \)

works the same way. (stuff )

◮ $stuff$ is (almost) the same as

\begin{math}stuff\end{math}. This is the math environment.

◮ $$\sum_i \frac{x^i}{i!}$$ gives

xi i!

◮ $$stuff$$ is (almost) the same as

\begin{displaymath}stuff\end{displaymath}.

Entering Math Mode

◮ The equation environment gives numbered equations:

xi i! (1)

◮ You can \tag your equations:

\begin{equation} E = mc^2 \tag{Einstein} \end{equation} gives E = mc2 (Einstein)

◮ The equation* environment is like $$ (unnumbered

equations, large spaces)

◮ \[stuff\] is (almost) the same as

\begin{equation*}stuff\end{equation*}

multiline

\begin{multline} a + b + c + d + e + f + g + h + i \\ = j + k + l + m + n \end{multline} a+b+c +d +e +f +g +h+i = j + k + l + m + n (2)

eqnarray

\begin{eqnarray} a & = & b + c \\ & = & d + e + f + g + h + i \nonumber \\ && {} + m + n + o \\ & = & p + q + r + s \end{eqnarray} a = b + c (3) = d + e + f + g + h + i + m + n + o (4) = p + q + r + s (5) \begin{eqnarray} a & = & a = a \end{eqnarray} a = a = a (6)

Bad!1

reasons why eqnarray is bad.

align

\begin{align} a & = b + c \\ & = d + e \end{align} a = b + c (7) = d + e (8)

align

\begin{align} a & = b + c \\ & = d + e + f + g + h + i + j + k + l \nonumber \\ & + m + n + o \\ & = p + q + r + s \end{align} a = b + c (9) = d + e + f + g + h + i + j + k + l + m + n + o (10) = p + q + r + s (11)

align

\begin{align} a = {} & b + c \\ = {} & d + e + f + g + h + i + j + k + l \nonumber \\ & + m + n + o \\ = {} & p + q + r + s \end{align} a = b + c (12) = d + e + f + g + h + i + j + k + l + m + n + o (13) = p + q + r + s (14)

\begin{equation}stuff\end{equation}