Barbados has an excellent wind resource! Measuring and mapping wind - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Barbados has an excellent wind resource!

Tom Rogers

Faculty of Science & Technology The University of the West Indies Cave Hill Campus 11th November 2016

Making the best use of an outstanding wind energy resource: Measuring and mapping wind energy in Barbados

A windy island

A windy island

Why modern wind energy?

0.08 0.12 0.20 0.29 0.25 0.04 0.09 0.12 0.11 0.07

0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 Utility-wind (onshore) Solar PV (Utility) Solar PV (Distributed) Fossil fuel plant Fuel clause adjustment Generation cost (US$/kWh)

Why wind energy?

• It’s the cheapest way to generate electricity, by far.

Figure 1. Estimated generation costs for Barbados.

Why wind energy?

• Likely to remain the cheapest method of generation for some time

Figure 2. Expected future generation costs for wind and solar 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 LCOE (US$/kWh) Year Distributed PV Utility PV Utility wind

Why wind energy?

0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 1.00 0:00 1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 5:00 6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 Power Time Demand curve Figure 3. Daily power variation of demand, solar and wind

0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 1.00 0:00 1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 5:00 6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 Power Time Demand curve 0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 1.00 0:00 1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 5:00 6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 Power Time Demand curve Solar

Why wind energy?

0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 1.00 0:00 1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 5:00 6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 Power Time Demand curve Solar 0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 1.00 0:00 1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 5:00 6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 Power Time Demand curve Solar Wind

Why wind energy?

0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 1.00 0:00 1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 5:00 6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 Power Time Demand curve Solar Wind 0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 1.00 0:00 1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 5:00 6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 Power Time Demand curve Wind & Solar

Why wind energy?

Wind potential for Barbados

A 100% renewable scenario for Barbados

Source: Homeyer, O. (2014). 100% renewable Barbados. See www.brea.bb

A desktop study of wind potential for Barbados

The study used some wind farm analysis software, called:

WindPRO 3.0

Inputs

• Weather data
• Terrain data
• Surface roughness data
• Wind turbine selection

and location Outputs

• Energy yield prediction
• Financial modeling
• Electrical integration modeling
• Noise maps
• Shadow flicker maps
• Photomontages

Link: http://www.emd.dk/windpro/

Enercon E-82

Hub height - 78m Blade length - 41m Total height - 119m Rated capacity - 2MW (at 12m/s wind speed)

Wind turbine selection

A 2MW wind turbine can power ~2,400 homes in Barbados

Consideration of location

T&C Planning input 1.5 times height from roads/buildings Noise levels – 55dB(A) daytime 45dB(A) nighttime [Settled on 350m] The process Satellite imagery used to determine key locations for wind turbines, followed up with site visits…

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Zone Area (km2)

• No. 2MW turbines

1 9.4 34 2 9.2 33 3 9.4 30 4 7.0 34 5 7.9 27 6 16.2 58 7 5.2 20 64.2 236

Average annual wind speed (80m agl)

Annual yield (GWh) 218.1 218.0 193.1 245.5 166.7 301.1 94.7 1,437.3

Current Barbados electricity demand is ~950 GWh/year!

Space for 472MW of wind

Turning potential into reality

Next steps for turning technical potential into reality

• 1. More detailed wind resource assessment
• 2. Wind power electrical integration study
• 3. Incorporation of wind into the next PDP
• 4. Radar system at GAIA
• 5. Public involvement in the ownership and benefits of wind

Mt Poyer. Looking west across St Lucy

1MW wind turbines

Mount Poyer. Looking southeast towards Mt Gilboa

1MW wind turbines

Mount Poyer. Looking southeast towards Mt Gilboa

3MW wind turbines

Wind turbines located in Zone 1 - St Lucy

Wind speeds across the Caribbean

Source: https://www.awstruepower.com

Barbados Guadeloupe Dominica Martinique St Lucia St Vincent & The Grenadines Grenada Trinidad & Tobago Montserrat St Kitts & Nevis Antigua & Barbuda Virgin Islands Bahamas Jamaica

207 235 248 277 469 484 493 495 557 852 200 400 600 800 1000 10 - USA 9 - Estonia 8 - Austria 7 - Canada 6 - Portugal 5 - Germany 4 - Ireland 3 - Spain 2 - Sweden 1 - Denmark Installed wind capacity per capita (Watts/person) 235 248 277 469 484 493 495 557 700 852 200 400 600 800 1000 10 - Estonia 9 - Austria 8 - Canada 7 - Portugal 6 - Germany 5 - Ireland 4 - Spain 3 - Sweden 2 - Barbados 1 - Denmark Installed wind capacity per capita (Watts/person)

What if?

With 200MW of wind

(With 400MW, for electricity and transport, Barbados would be first!)